CHEMISTRY

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

 Analysis of 

HONEY
Submitted by:

Arwin A.S 

XII D 13 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I hereby acknowledge my deep sense of gratitude and

indebtedness to the following personalities whose
immense help genius guidance encouragement
necessary suggestions initiations enthusiasm and
inspiration made this work a master art and a !oint
enterprise.

"r. Sebastian #oseph $ %&rincipal'

"rs. Sreekala () $ %*hemistry (eacher'

"r. Sha!i $ %+ab assistant'

And my &arents *lassmates , -riends.

ANALYSIS OF HONEY

(/0)(S

"There is no higher or o!er no!e#ge$ %&'

one (n# on) one$ *o!ering o&' o*
e+,eri-en'('ion."

$+eonardo da inci 
AI"

(o analyse the a2ailable honey for presence of different

minerals and carbohydrates in honey.
RE/0IREMENTS

A&&AA(0S

(est tubes

(est tube stand

4urner

5ater 4ath.

*6"I*A+S
-ehling solution A

-ehling solution 4

Ammonium chloride solution

Ammonium o7alate solution

Ammonium phosphate

*onc. 8itric acid

&otassium sulphocyanide solution.

THEORY

oney thick sweet super

saturated sugar solution
manufactured by bees to feed
their lar2ae and for the
subsistence during winter.

4ee honey is composed of

fructose glucose and water in
2arying proportions. It also
contains se2eral en9ymes and
oils. (he colour , fla2our
depends on the age of the
honey and the sources of the
nectar .It coloured honeys are
usually of higher uality than
dark coloured honeys. /ther
high grade honeys are made by
bees from
orange blossoms clo2er and
Alfalfa. A well known poorer
grade honey is produced from
buckwheat.

oney has a fuel 2alue of

about 33;< cal=kg >1?@; cal=
lbs. It readily picks up
moisture from the air and is
conseuently used as a
moistening agent for (obacco
and in baking. )lucose
crystallises out of honey on
standing at room temperature
lea2ing on uncrystallised layer
of dissol2ed fructose. oney to
be marketed is usually heated
by a special process to about
o
BB * >1?;.;1 - to dissol2e the
crystals and is sealed to
pre2ent crystallisation. (he
fructose in crystallised honey
ferments readily at about
1B;*.
PROCED0RE

(6S( -/ "I86A+S

1. (est for &otassium:

@ml of honey is taken in a test tube and picric acid solution

E
is added. Cellow precipitate indicates the presence of  .

@. (est for *alcium:

@ml of honey is taken in a test tube and 8 F*l solution and

8F/ solution are added to it. (he solution is filtered and
to the filtrate @ml of ammonium o7alate solution is added.
@E
5hite ppt. or milkiness indicates the presence of *a  ions.

3. (est for "agnesium:

@ ml of honey is taken in a test tube and 8 F*l solution is

added to it and then e7cess of Ammonium phosphate
solution is added. (he side of the test tube is scratched
with a glass rod. 5hite precipitate indicates the presence of
@E
"g  ions.

F. (est for Iron:

@ml of honey is taken in a test tube and a drop of conc.

8/3 is added and it is heated. It is cooled and @$3 drops of
&otassium sulphocyanide solution is added to it. 4lood red
colour shows the presence of iron.

(6S( -/ *A4/CDA(6S

1. -ehlingGs test:

@m+ of honey is taken in a test tube and 1m+ each of

-ehlingHs solution A and -ehlingHs solution 4 are added to it
and boiled. ed precipitate indicates the presence of
reducing sugars.

@. (ollenGs test:

@$3 m+ of aueous solution of honey is taken in a test tube.

@$3m+ of (ollenGs reagent is added. (he test tube is kept in a
boiling water bath for about ten minutes. A shining sil2er
mirror indicates the presence of reducing carbohydrates.
O1SERVATION

S+.8/
(6S(S
/4S6A(I/8
I8-668*6

1
(est for &otassium 
Cellow ppt. is obser2ed
&otassium is present

oney E &icric acid

solution.
@
(est for *alcium 
5hite ppt.or milkiness
*alcium is absent

oney E 8F*l soln. E

is not obser2ed

8F/ soln. filtered E

%8F'@*@/F

3
(est for 
5hite ppt.is not
"agnesium is absent

"agnesium 
obser2ed

oneyE 8F/ %till

solution becomes

alkaline' E %8 F'3&/F

F
(est for Iron 
4lood red colour is
Iron is present

oneyE conc.8/3
obser2ed

heated and cooled E

potassium
sulphocyanide

?
-ehlingHs test 
ed ppt. is obser2ed
educing sugar is

oney E 1m+ each of

present

-ehlingHs solution A

and -ehlingHs solution

B
(ollenGs test 
Shining sil2er mirror is
educing

oney E @$3m+
obser2ed
carbohydrate is

(ollenHs reagent test

present

tube in water bath for

1; minutes
RES0LT

&otassium is present.

Iron is present.

*alcium is absent.

"agnesium is absent.

oney contains reducing sugar.

*/8*+0SI/8
(his is our report about analysis of honey. 5e selected
honey because we think they are the most common used
in our society. /ur pro!ect contain different e7periments
about honey from this we can learn a lot of information
about honey. /ur pro!ect gi2es us real e7ample of how
the lab work is 2ery important to our life.

4I4+I/)A&C

D 4ooks AS "6 A8C(I8) encyclopaedia.

)oogle %https:==www.google.co.in=search
JcontentEanalysisEof
Ehoney,oJcontentEanalysisEofEhoneyE,asJchrome. .
BKi?<!BKi?K.?LB@!;!F,sourceidJchrome,ieJ0(-$L' X

5ikipedia % https:==en.wikipedia.org=wiki=oney' X