HUMAN BRAIN

Brain- Brain is part of the nervous system it is located at the skull of human body acting as organizer and
distributor of message for our body. Brain coordinates all the body’s function.
4 main regions of Brain
1. Cerebrum- the largest section, consist of neuron and nerve fiber that transfer information from the
neurons throughout the brain and human body. It consists of higher function such as learning,
speaking, and reasoning plus senses such as hearing and sight
2. Cerebellum – second largest part, it consists of nerve cell and nerve fiber. Cerebellum carries signal to
the other parts of the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for coordinating muscle movements
particularly those that help maintains the body’s balance and posture
3. Brains stem- lies in front of cerebellum and anchors the brain to the spinal cord, the brain stem is the
collections of structures that include the pons a mass of nerve fibers that carries sensory information:
the mid brain, a region of fibers and structures that helps control movement: medulla oblangata, the
creator of motor and sensory pathways between the midbrain the pons and spinal cord. the parts of
the brain stem control vital function such as cardiac activity, respiration, digestion and sleep
4. Diencephalon- the core of the brain
*Thalamus-processes ang transmit information from all senses except smell
*Hypothalamus and pituitary gland- which work together to produce and regulate neurochemical
Blood Brain Barrier- a semipermeable cell wall it protects our brain that only allows specific chemical to enter
from the body’s bloodstreams into the brain

Spinal Cord- channels signals between the brain and the rest of the body and controls simple musculoskeletal
reflexes without input from the brain.
Peripheral Nervous System- connects the central nervous system to the organs and limbs
1. Somatic Nervous System- This system is associated with the voluntary control of body
i) Spinal Nerve- the nerve that carry sensory signals and motor between the spinal cord and body
ii) Cranial Nerve- the nerve fiber that carry information into and out of the brain stem.
2. Autonomic Nervous System- associated with the involuntary control of the body
i) sympathetic- it is activated when the body is in dynamic role
ii) parasympathetic- maintains body function and restores the body the body to normal or relaxed
mode.

NEURONS