Dr.

Sanita Anjayya Eppalpalli

Associate Professor, J.J.A.M.C, Godhra

Purisha Mala

1. Importance of Mala

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The definition of a healthy individual is given in Ayurveda as, the state of
equilibrium in Dosha, Agni, Dhatu and Mala, and having cheerful soul, mind and
senses.

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In Charaka Samhita, also the importance of Purisha Mala is given in Yakshmaroga
Chikitsa Adhyaya. They say, in Yakshma Patients, when all the bodily tissues are
depleting, the strength of that individual ultimately depends on only his strength
of Purisha Mala. So in such patients, Purisha Mala is to be protected the foremost.

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Out of all abnormalities, Kshaya conditions are more debilitating than Vruddhi.

2. Types of Mala

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The 3 main macro –waste elements of digestion are – Mutra, Purisha and Vayu.
Dr. Sanita Anjayya Eppalpalli

Associate Professor, J.J.A.M.C, Godhra

3. Purisha Mala- Utpatti

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The Aahar, when reaches the Pakwashaya for 3rd stage of macro-digestion, its
moisture content is absorbed and the solid part which remains is the Pakwa
Aahar, having Rasa as Katu and releasing Vayu as byproduct.
This Pakwa Aahar is the Purisha Mala.

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In this Pakwashaya, there is the 5th Kala known as Purishdhara Kala. It is situated
in the Koshta and does separation of waste products.

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The part of intestine (Koshta) that is close to the liver (Yakrut), is termed as
Unduka (Caecum). It does the function of separation of waste. So it is known as
Maladhara Kala.

From all of the above discussions it is clear that the Purisha Mala is formed in the
Pakwashaya in 3rd Avasthapaaka, in the organ named as Unduka, which does the
main function of separation of waste from the body.

4. Pramaana
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The Pramaana of Purisha Mala is given in Ashtanga Hrudaya as 7 Anjali.
Dr. Sanita Anjayya Eppalpalli

Associate Professor, J.J.A.M.C, Godhra

5. Purishadhara Kala

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Purishadhara Kala is also known as Asthidhara Kala in Kalpasthan of Sushruta

Samhita.

Reason- Kalpa Sthan of Sushruta Samhita explains all Basti Kalpas for different
diseases. Basti Chikitsa is the treatment of Vata disorders. Vata Dosha and Asthi
Dhatu have inverse relationship. For treatment of Asthi-Majjavaha Strotas
disorders Basti is given. Basti Dravyas contains medicines that act on Asthi and
Majja dhatu. Absorption of Basti Dravyas occur in the Pakwashaya which has
Purishadhara Kala. This Kala absorbs medicine that contain Asthi Poshak Dravyas.
Hence this Kala is also known as Asthidhara Kala.

6. Panchabhoutikatwa

Prithvi, Teja and Vayu Mahabhuta Pradhan.

7. Karma
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To hold till appropriate time of excretion is the main function of Purisha Mala. As
per Sushruta, to hold Purisha, Vayu and sustain Agni are the main functions of
Purisha Mala.
In Yakshma patient, the strength of whole body depends on Purisha Mala.
Dr. Sanita Anjayya Eppalpalli

Associate Professor, J.J.A.M.C, Godhra

8. Vruddhi-Kshaya Laxanas

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Aggregation of Purisha Mala can lead to abdomen fullness, Pain in abdomen

bowel sounds, heaviness in body and body ache.

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Alleviation of Purisha Mala can lead to accumulation of bowel gases, movement
of the bowel gases causing pain in the region of heart and surrounding lateral
areas.

9. Purishavaha Strotas

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According to Charaka and Sushruta Samhita Purishavaha Strotas Mula Sthan are-
Pakwashaya and Sthula Guda.

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According to Sushruta Samhita Guda is defined as- the organ that is the end part
of large intestine (Sthula Aantra), which separates Vayu and Varchas (Purisha
Mala) is Guda.
Dr. Sanita Anjayya Eppalpalli

Associate Professor, J.J.A.M.C, Godhra

10. Modern aspect of Purisha

Composition of feaces
Total mass of feaces- ¼ th solid + 3/4th water

Solid contents Percentage

Dead bacteria 30%
Fats 10-20%
Inorganic matter 10-20%
Proteins 2-3%
Undigested food, dried constituents of 30%
digestive juice like bile
Sloughed epithelial cells

The colour of feaces is due to the stercobilin and urobilin from bilirubin.
The Odour is due to product of bacterial action. It is due to production
of indole, mercaptane & hydrogen sulphide

Defecation
There are two main mechanisms of defecation
 Intrinsic Myenteric defecation reflex
 Parasympathetic defecation reflex
Dr. Sanita Anjayya Eppalpalli

Associate Professor, J.J.A.M.C, Godhra

 Intrinsic Myenteric defecation reflex

Mass peristaltic movements push fecal matter from sigmoid colon to
rectum

Rectal wall distends and stimulates stretch receptors to begin defecation

reflex.

Distention of rectal wall

Initiates afferent signals from myenteric plexus to

Initiates peristaltic waves in the descending colon, sigmoid colon and

rectum

Forcing feaces towards anus

As the waves approach anus, the internal anal sphincter is relaxed by

inhibitory signals from myenteric plexus

If the external anal sphincter is also consciously, voluntarily relaxed at same

time
Defecation occurs
Dr. Sanita Anjayya Eppalpalli

Associate Professor, J.J.A.M.C, Godhra

 Parasympathetic defecation reflex

Defecation signals entering spinal cord initiates other effects like taking
deep breath, closure of glottis and contraction of abdominal wall
muscle.

When nerve endings in rectum are stimulated

Signals are transmitted to spinal cord and then

Reflex back to descending colon, sigmoid colon and anus by way of

parasympathetic nerve fibres in pelvic nerves

These signals intensify the peristaltic waves as well as relax the internal anal
sphincter

Thus converting the intrinsic myenteric defecation reflex from week to powerful
process of defecation