2/8/2022

Palestine Polytechnic University

College of IT and Computer Engineering

Computer Systems Engineering

Embedded Systems
Ch3: Introduction to Arduino
Dr. Mohammed Aldasht
Spring 2022

ARDUINO
• A circuit board containing an ATMEL ATmega
microcontroller preloaded with a boot loader program.
•A boot loader is a small program, stored in non-volatile
memory.
• When power is applied or the reset button is pressed the CPU
starts executing its instructions.
• When the board is reset, boot loader configures the
microcontroller serial port to send and receive information to
and from the host computer.

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ARDUINO ENTRY LEVEL PRODUCTS

ARDUINO ENHANCED FEATURES

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More comparisons at: https://www.elprocus.com/different-types-of-arduino-boards/

ARDUINO FOR INTERNET OF THINGS

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EMBEDDED APPLICATION

• When user start uploading his application to the target processor:

• A special signal on the Arduino HW causes microcontroller to reset, which
forces the boot loader to run
• Boot loader starts saving user application to the non-volatile memory at a
special location.
• When finished, the boot loader jumps to that application location in the
flash and starts executing program instructions.

• When the Arduino is manually reset or power is first applied:

• Boot loader will not see any data on the serial port, and it will just jump to
the application location in flash.

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IDE
• A software runs on host computer, and used to write and
compile source-code into ATmega executable programs.
• Arduino IDE is written in Java.
• Any computer with a Java interpreter is able to run the Arduino
development software.
• Students with Windows, MacOSX or even Linux will be able to
write programs for their embedded hardware.

IDE

• The final component of Arduino is a library of functions

referred to as Wiring.
• Any program developed in the Arduino IDE is called a sketch.
• Wiring and sketches help the user to get rid of the details
required to control the embedded microcontroller

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PORTABILITY
• Wiringfunctions pertain to the ATmega processor as it sits on
the Arduino circuit board.
• Wiring library functions will not function on any other hardware
platform.
• Wecan use the Arduino hardware and the IDE in order to learn
how to develop ANSI C programs.
• To configure and control our embedded microcontroller, ANSI C
methods are portable.

ARDUINO DUEMILANOVE BOARD

• This board has an ATMEL ATmega328P 8-bit processor, with the
following characteristics:
• 16 MHz clock.
• 2 Kbytes of SRAM
• 32 Kbytes of Flash memory (2 Kbytes are already used by the built-in boot
loader, so only 30 Kbytes are available for your applications)
• 1 Kbyte of Electrically-Erasable/Programmable Read-Only Memory
(EEPROM)
• Three user accessible LEDs
• 20 input/output (I/O) pins; Six of which provide Pulse-Width Modulation
(PWM) analog output and six other provide Analog-to-Digital Converted
(ADC) input.

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ARDUINO DUEMILANOVE DEVELOPMENT BOARD

• USB interface allows

for communication
between the
ATmega328P and the
Java-based IDE.
• Host PC can
communicate with the
ATmega328P via the
USB connector, and the
board also receives its
5 V regulated power

POWER OPTIONS
• The Arduino Duemilanove circuit board is designed to
automatically switch to the correct power supply.
• Can get power through USB interface during the lab work
and program development
• A separate DC power supply can be used to supply power to
the board.
• Power mayalso be supplied to the GND and Vin pins on the
POWER header.
• The development board can safely operate on an external
supply of 7 V to 12 V.

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ARDUINO TOOLS

• Practical work:
• Download the latest Arduino IDE.
• TheIDE is a Java program used to create, write, compile
and upload the embedded software
• Download the latest Serial-to-USB drivers, then
install the USB drivers
• The green power LED should light up.
• Ready to create, upload and run applications

Any Questions?