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Calculation of Optimum Directional Overcurrent Relays Settings: The Parallel Lines Case
Calculation of Optimum Directional Overcurrent Relays Settings: The Parallel Lines Case
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IC,
Timc Uial Srttltrn
= 0.8 s
I
IC:, = 0 . 4 s
eration, transmission, distributed resources, distribu-
Rchy IC, z-0.4 s IC2 = 0 . G s
tion power qliallty, energy maflagement, and customer
1 2.6 3.8
applications. Research into advanced systems and
components identification ot the potential uses and 2 tj.9 1.4
needs for energy storage and the future of the deregu- 3 26 3.8
lated utility are of interest 4 0,7 1 .‘i
More information on EESAT 2000 is available on the 5 4: 1 1
Web, http://www.cmcmtg.com/eesat.
62’ 1 1
tor ii hiultiitpuiiit b'l i n the system of Figiirc I , In the period of time hc- Thc rcsiilIs u(I ;ipplyinp tlic opliini miioil Iccliiiiqiic lo 111i iiiiui xe the
twccn rclay I opcratim nnrl relay 2 opcriitioii, the systein's configurit- timc tliril scltings or the pli;isc ~-clriysarc s h o w i i ill Riblc I . I n oiic C;ISE,
tioii is diffcrciit lliari the original m c . Rcliiys 2 rind 3 "see" currents thc siiiiic UI wiis uscrl(C~'I,= Ci, = 0.4 scc.): in tlic othcr cmc, Cl? wiis
Iargcr thiin the curl-enbcnlciilatcd for thc originill conCigurntinn. Thcre- incwiscd to0.2:: I1'tlics;imcCIisusetl (0.4 s), itcrinbc w r i l i u l thathe
furc, tliesc IWI) r,ehys will accclcr;itc iintl its I'iiial operation time w i l l bc. rcsiilting tiiiic tliril scltiiigs w i l l he liiwcr h i n ilic ciisc witli cqtial C A ,
tlifl'ercnt llinn the iirnc cxpcctcd. Uiilcss this el'recr is consirlcred in tlic h i t thc I-clays rlo ticit ;rtciiiiiplish h e cooidiiialioii coiisIi,i1iilt whcii tlic
rclny sclting calculatinn proccss, it could prutliicc II vidation of tlic sc- tr;iinsicnt upcr;ilion Iiiippciis. 111 XI, i t ciir hc c i i l c ~ i l r i ~ c111i11,
i l foi,;I fault
leclivily consirnilit. An claboriitc mcthod to coiisider I l l i s cffcct using :it VI, llic tiiiic rlifl'ci-cnccheiwcelircl;iys 3 :iiid 2 i s 0.7 s, which violatcs
the optiinization tcchniqiic wiis proposed 131,This techniqiic implies ii llic c o o i r l i i i n h cnusiraiiit (0.4 s). 0 1 1the other Iiand, foI thc ciisc (ir
significant iricrensc of the niimbcr of conslraints t m l a relatively c o n - rliffcrcnl C f s , tlic tiinc dil'l'ci-cricc hetruecl1 ihcsc i&ys i s 0.43 s; I1ciicc,
plicnted iterativc proccd~irct o stale rhc coilstmints as rctpircri in ilic i h e origiilnl c o l i s h i i l l h x lieeii ovtfi"mc.
v i d n t i i ~ i id'
1inc;ir pmglnminiiig techniqiie. Coiirliisinn: Thc propscrl mcthotl to consider tlic possible
Fur srikc nf simpticily of the cotriputcr progriiiii ; n t l to reduce ihe inisc oortliria t ion of d ircct ion;iI o vcrc U rrc in t I'C Iiiy s d [IC
nirmhcr ol'ctliisli'sin(s involved, ii siiiiplc ; i p p ~ ~ i i ctoh solve lhe prohlem iionsimiiltoricous opcriition on piiriillcl lincs 1x1s provcii trr bc iIppr(>pI'i-
i s proposed I~elt?.This soliitioti consists of wing rr Inrgcr w t w d i w t t h atc. TIic iiiniii ndviintngcs of tlic mcthotl ;wc Ihc rclutivc simplicity ol'
imwu/,fiw flrosc c o n r c i i w h i i p0ir.s rhnr helorig to p w d l u l d c i n c i i n . computcr imp1crnciit;ition rluc tu tiic t1iriiiinIic siinplificiiiioii of ttic
h'ole that the original optimiziitiun tccliiiiqiic i i l l n ~ sthc iisc of iiidc- prciblcm stiliil.ion pr(icedirrc iiiid i i sigi1ilic;iiil r e h c l i o i i 01' lhc ntlnihcr
pentlent ri iiic coorrli iiritiun iiitcrvals (U)for each cooirliniitioii piiir. of cocirdiniitioii cons[l.aiiils.
IIowcvcr, the cwirdiiirihm pair set i s atitorriatically dctcmiinctl hy thc Refcrciiccs:
program and the iiscr docs 1101 liiive to know the set. Looking ;it thc sct 1 I ll+ki 1"Vei- Syslein Kelyiiig Conunitlee, GII!?~~IIICI'/lidcd CO-
to iniiniiiilly fix ;I L'I [or each cmrdiiintiori pair cuiilil bc iinpriicticnt. />J'dflli/liOtl ($ L b l C i'!-Ol<'ClkJ#i LyChCiltL!s, h b . # LIOTt102K5-7 PwI<,
Wh;u the program does i s to assign oiic C! = CI, to tlic ctiordiiintinn 1EEE Rcport, 1989.
piiirs that rlti not hclong lo a pai'allel line, and ;i 1;irgcr U!, say 121 A.J. tJrtlarieta, R. Nadirs, iiiid L.G. P h w , "Optiniiil wirdiiiiitiiiii
CI, = C/, t 0.2 scc., rnr the cnotrliriatiirn pairs h i i t helung to l > i i i ~ i ~ l l t l 01: ditcctioiial overcurrcnt reliiys in intci-cconncctctl powcr syslciiis,"
lines iiiid cnii experiericc the untlcsircd cft'cct. IIXL I h ~ v/'~rwr, Ilelivcly, vol. 3, IIU. 3, pp. 903-9 I I , Ji~iy19x8.
Nwicricrtl ExntiipIc:Thc simplc systcm of F'ig1ii.e I w i l l he iisccl as 1.3:]A.J. Urdnnctii, I,,G. Pdrci., iiiitl II. I ~ C S ~ I - C ~ ~"Optiiiial
I, coorrliria-
xi example. Thc timc dial scttiiig o1'relays S aiid liair given. Thc pro- lion ni' rlircctioniil ovcrcurrcnl iclnys ctmsiilei-ing ilyiiiiiilic cllangcs iin
posed incthotl hiis bccn s~~cccssf~illy applied 10 Inrge systcms, but lhc Ihc nclwork topology," f M / <Y w m . Poww I M i i w y , vol. 12, 110.4, pp.
rcsiilts ;ire not prcscntcd Iiei-e due io space reasons. Thc cuurtliniilion 1458-1404, 0~1.1997.
cunslriiinty for (tic simple syslem follow. 141 L.G. 1 ' 6 1 ' ~iiiid A.J. Urdiiticta, "Optiml coortliniitiun u11 direc-
Cwrdiiiatioii paii.s that do iiot belong to tlic piiriillcl linc: 1inii;ll ovcrcwciit rcl iiys consitlcring dc I'iiiitc tinic b;ickup I-cIays,"
iLXETrrrrrs. P,iwo,I)crlir~~!r:1., vol. 14,110. 4, 1311. 127h-12x4, O a . 1999.
ll(z,3)-r<](/,3) 1.5I I*,G,I'6rcs, A, Ilrilaiic~a,i i n r l I<. Sotwi1liiio, "Coinparison o f
t,(L3)- (,(L3) >Cll tiinc cuurtliniitioii crilcriii f(w ii suhlriiiisiuissit~i~ syskln protcctioti
sclwiiie," I'resenlzd a( 2nd IEEh lntcriintional Coriic;is Confcrcncc o r 1
4 ( L 4 ) - f 5 ( L 4 ) >Cfl l ~ c v i c cCirciiiis
~, uiwl S y s t c ~ i i sMar.
~ 199s.
tl( Z A ) - Is( 1.4) 2 C.'I I (2) Cnpyright Shlcinciii: tSSN 0282- 1724/1)0/$I(1.00 8 2000 lTiF,T:.
Miiintiscripl received 4 behru:iry 2000: iuviscd. This paper i s publixhctl
herein i n i l s ciiiirety.
. -. . .