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CAUSE AND EFFECT (SEBAB DAN AKIBAT)

I. PENGERTIAN

Cause (sebab) itu adalah sebuah kejadian atau tindakan yang mengakibatkan terjadinya
sesuatu. Effect (akibat) adalah sebuah kejadian atau tindakan yang terjadi sebagai hasil dari
kejadian atau tindakan sebelumnya.

Kalimat cause and effect biasa juga disebut dengan kalimat sebab-akibat atau kalimat
kausalitas; adalah kalimat yang dibangun dengan melibatkan tindakan yang membuat sesuatu
terjadi dan hasil dari tindakan tersebut.

Cause Effect
We can identify the cause with “because”.
It answers the question “What happened?”
It answers question “why”.

Contoh:
- I was late to go to school because I forgot to set the alarm.
 Cause : I forgot to set the alarm.
 Effect : I was late to go to school.

- Since the meeting is cancelled, we have lunch together.

 Cause : The meeting is cancelled.
 Effect : We have lunch together.

- It was raining hard, so I couldn’t go anywhere.

 Cause : It was raining hard.
 Effect : I couldn’t go anywhere.

II. STRUKTUR CAUSE AND EFFECT

Ada 2 macam cara untuk membuat sebuah kalimat sebab dan akibat:

1. Cause clause + connector + effect clause, or

Effect clause + connector + cause clause
Contoh:
- It was raining since this morning, so we have to cancel our trip.
cause connector effect

- I need to focus in studying since the final exam is getting near.

effect connector cause

2. Connector + effect clause, cause clause

Contoh:
- Thanks to his wealthy and powerful father, Jonathan can win the case.
connector cause effect

- Because the final exam is getting near, I need to focus in studying.

connector cause effect

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Berikut ini adalah beberapa connector yang bisa digunakan untuk membuat sebuah
kalimat sebab dan akibat:

To form a phrase To connect phrase To connect sentence

As a result of (+ cause) As (+ cause) As a result (+ effect)
Because of (+ cause) Because (+ cause) Consequently (+ effect)
Due to (+ cause) If (+ cause), then (+ effect) For the reason (+ effect)
On account of (+ cause) Since (+ cause) Hence (+ effect)
Thanks to (+ cause) So that (+ effect) So + (effect)
In order to (+ cause) Therefore (+ effect)
Thus (+ effect)

- As a result of (+ cause)
He was elected as the first winner as a result of his never-ending efforts.
Effect Cause

- Because of (+ cause)
Because of his bad habit of smoking, Mr. Ihsan gets a lung cancer.
Cause Effect

- Due to (+cause)
Her headache was due to the never-ending problems.
Effect Cause

- On account of (+ cause)
On account of his health, he stopped his smoking habit.
Cause Effect

- Thanks to (+ cause)
Thanks to her sharp mind, Marisa can solve the difficult case.
Cause Effect

- In order to (+ cause)
In order to achieve the company’s goal, we need to work to the best.
Cause Effect

- As (+ cause)
Our muscles are getting bigger as we trained regularly at the gym.
Effect Cause

- Because (+ cause)
Jessie left her brother alone at home because she had to buy some fruits.
Effect Cause

- If (+ cause), … Then (+ effect)

If I were able to bear this difficult task, then I would manage to handle others.
Cause Effect

- Since (+ cause)
Mr. Edwards loves to collect sport cars since he got a lot of money.
Effect Cause

- So that (+ effect)
Julian studied hard so that she could pass the test.
Cause Effect
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 - Consequently (+ effect)
Ramon didn’t come to school yesterday; consequently, he didn’t take the exam.
Cause Effect

- For the reason (+ effect)

I didn’t study for the exam; and for this reason, I failed on it.
Cause Effect

- Hence (+ effect)
The company isn’t satisfied with his work; hence, he must prepare a new proposal.
Cause Effect

- So (+ effect)
The final exam is getting near so I need to focus my attention to study.
Cause Effect

- Therefore (+ effect)
The moon has a gravitational pull; therefore, there are ocean tides.
Cause Effect

- Thus (+ effect)
We’ve prepared ourselves for this performance. Thus, we perform beautifully.
Cause Effect

TASK 1. ANALYSE THESE SENTENCES AND DECIDES WHICH ONE IS THE CAUSE
AND WHICH ONE IS THE EFFECT.

Example:
I have to go earlier to school since I will have a math test today.
Cause : I will have a math test today.
Effect : I have to go earlier to school.

1. The police arrested him because he broke into a bank.

Cause :
Effect :
2. Edward was injured so badly since his car hit a tree near the school.
Cause :
Effect :
3. She can't read the letter as she is uneducated.
Cause :
Effect :
4. He can't run fast for he is too fat.
Cause :
Effect :
5. Owing to his intelligence, he managed to solve the problem.
Cause :
Effect :
6. Due to the bad weather, they aren’t able to go for a picnic.
Cause :
Effect :
7. Thanks to his hard work, he passed the exam.
Cause :
Effect :

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 8. The baby awakes thanks to your shouting.
Cause :
Effect :
9. She didn’t come to school this morning because of her sickness.
Cause :
Effect :
10. They must be gone out of the town since their car isn’t parked in the garage.
Cause :
Effect :

TASK 2. COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES USING BECAUSE, AS, SINCE, FOR, BECAUSE
OF, DUE TO AND THANKS TO.

1. _________________ bad weather, the match was cancelled.

2. The plane is unable to land _________________ the heavy rain.
3. He must be asleep _________________ there is no light in his room.
4. We had to cancel the trip _________________ my daughter’s illness.
5. We lost the competition _________________ my partner’s lack of effort.
6. He was told to vacate the room _________________ he had not paid the rent.
7. Jamie and I can attend the concert tonight _________________ our hard effort.
8. She was often cold _________________ not having shoes, warm clothes or blankets.
9. He passed the examination with great scores _________________ he always study hard
everyday.
10. Mr. Atkinson is able to buy the expensive car _________________ he saved a lot of money
to buy it.

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