CE 624

Fuzzy Sets in Human-Centric Systems

Fall 2021
Assignment #1
Solutions

Due Monday, September 20, 2021 at 3:00 PM

Each problem worth 10 points; total 40 points.

1. Pick up a textbook in your research area and identify 2 terms (concepts) that could be
conveniently formalized with the use of fuzzy sets. Justify your choice. Identify a space
over which the concept is defined. Suggest possible forms of membership functions (along
with the values of their parameters) and link them with the semantics of the concepts being
described in this manner.

Solution:
Form of
Defined
Concept Source membership Justification
concept
function
This is triangular
membership function.
H.T. Nguyen and M.
When measurement
Sugeno, “Fuzzy system:
something X there will
modeling and control,”
Measurement be inaccuracy, if the
Berlin, Germany: Accuracy
inaccuracy Springer Science &
result is same with the
true number, it will be
Business Media, 2012,
1, others between it like
pp. 136.
X+A or X-A is lower
than 1.

This is trapezoidal
W. Pedrycz, “Fuzzy
membership function.
Control and Fuzzy
What is high speed?
Systems,” 2rd ed,
High speed Hoboken, NJ, USA:
How fast There is not a
certificate number, but
Wiley & Sons, 1993, pp.
it should between 45
368.
and 55 Mph.

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2. Given is a fuzzy set defined in the discrete space X ={x1, x2,…, x10}

A = [1.0 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.3]

Determine the following:

(a) energy measure of fuzziness of A, E(A); use e(u)=u
(b) entropy measure of fuzziness of A, use a piecewise function h(u) as shown below
h(u)
1 (0.5, 1.0)
(0.2, 0.8)
(0.8, 0.8)

1 u
(c)  − cut of A for  = 0.5 and strong -cut for  = 0.4
(d) core and support of A
(e) Is this fuzzy set normal?

Solution:
n
(a) E ( A) =  e[ A( xi )]
i =1

E ( A) = e(1.0) + e(0.6) + e(0.2) + e(0.4) + e(0.5) + e(0.6) + e(0.7) + e(0.9) + e(1.0) + e(0.3)=
1 + 0.6 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.5 + 0.6 + 0.7 + 0.9 + 1 + 0.3 =
6.2

n
(b) H ( A) =  h[ A( xi )]
i =1

H ( A) = h(1.0) + h(0.6) + h(0.2) + h(0.4) + h(0.5) + h(0.6) + h(0.7) + h(0.9) + h(1.0) + h(0.3)=
0 + 0.933 + 0.8 + 0.933 + 1 + 0.933 + 0.867 + 0.4 + 0 + 0.867=
6.733

(c)  − cut of A for  = 0.5:

A = {x1 , x2 , x5 , x6 , x7 , x8 , x9 } (hint: -cut A = {x  X | A( x)  } is x)
strong -cut for  = 0.4:
A = {x1 , x2 , x5 , x6 , x7 , x8 , x9 } (hint: strong -cut A = {x  X | A( x)  } is x)

(d) core( A) = {x  X | A( x) = 1} = {x1 , x9}

supp( A) = {x  X | A( x)  0} = {x1, x2 , x3 , x4 , x5 , x6 , x7 , x8 , x9 , x10}

(e) hgt ( A) = 1 , A is a normal fuzzy set

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3. Determine specificity of fuzzy set A with the membership function defined in [0.5 10]

4x(1-x), if x ∈[0.5, 1]
A(x) = {
0, otherwise

Assume that the range is 9.5.

Find a characteristic function of B

1 if x ∈[0.5, b]
B(x) = {
0, otherwise

so that the specificity of A is equal to the specificity of B

Solution:
1
sp ( A) =  sp ( A )d
0
1
b − a
=  (1 − )d
0
range
1+ 1−
1
− 0.5
2
=  (1 − )d
0
9.5
1 −2
1

= −  (1 −  )3 2
19 3 0

55
= = 0.965
57
Since B is an interval,
b − 0.5 b − 0.5
sp( B) = 1 − = 1−
range 9.5
Let specificity of A is equal to the specificity of B,
sp( A) = sp(B) , so
b − 0.5 55 5
1− =  b = = 0.833
9.5 57 6

4. Given are intervals A = [1, 5], B =[-2, 7], C =[1, 3]. Compute
(i) A + B, 2A +CB
(ii) nA, n>0. Determine specificity of nA; how does it depend on n. Assume that the value
of range is given.

Solution:
(i) A + B = [1 + (−2),5 + 7] = [−1,12]

2 A + CB :

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 2 A = [2,10]
CB = [min(−2,7, −6, 21)], max(−2,7, −6, 21)] = [−6, 21]
2 A + CB = [2 + (−6),10 + 21] = [−4,31]

(ii) nA = [n,5n]
5n − n 4n
Sp( A) = 1 − = 1− , since range is fixed, with the increase of n, the specificity
range range
of A goes down linearly.

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