CLAUSES REVISION

Exercise 1: 'WISH' AND 'IF ONLY'

1. I wish I _____ go to work tomorrow.
A. wouldn't have to
B. didn't have to
C. hadn't had to
2. If only I _____ that to her. She's not speaking to me now.
A. wouldn't say
B. hadn't said
C. didn't say
3. He wishes _____ the kitchen in such a mess. He always has to clean before he
cooks.
A. they wouldn't leave
B. they had left
C. they would leave
4. She wishes they _____ ten years ago!
A. would have met
B. met
C. had met
5. If only he _____ here now. He'd know what to do.
A. would be
B. wasn't
C. were
Exercise 2: Clause of purpose
6. We worked hard just before Christmas _ we could really enjoy the holiday.
A. in order to
B. so that
C. to
7. John just popped out _ the paper.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. for buy
8. Take your house keys in case I _ out when you come back.
A. will go
B. have gone
C. went
9. This oven is used _ bread.
A. to make
B. for making
C. for make
10. This bracelet is _ Sarah. It’s her birthday tomorrow.
A. for
B. to
C. in order to
Purpose, reason and result clauses
Exercise 3: Clauses of contrast, purpose, reason and result

Although (11)-despite (12+14)-in order (17)-as a consequence of (16)-despite-

because(15)- due to(13)

11.__________ the weather was cold, this didn't stop the children playing in the
park. 12.__Due to______ the temperature, they wore thick coats and gloves. One
wore a long scarf, 13. ___Because____ they didn't want a chilly neck. They
enjoyed themselves, 14. __despite______ the icy wind. 15. _ as a consequence
of______ their play, they were tired when they got home. 16.
____despite_____their exertions earlier, they still had plenty of energy! Later that
day, they met up again to go ice skating. 17. ___In order____ to reach the ice rink,
they had to take two buses.
18. Internet access has been growing exponentially across the country. _______ ,
growth in rural areas is much slower.
A. However
B. Even though
C. Although
D. Despite
19. He became a very nice and well-educated man _______ having a very difficult
childhood.
A. because of
B. although
C. so that
D. in spite of
20. Scientists have discovered a new technique ___for____ measuring the speed at
which the universe is expanding.
A.to
B. for
C. so as to
D. due to
21_______ technological advances, the world is becoming a global community.
A. Since
B. As
C. Because of
D. Despite
22. Clever people ask better questions, and _______, they get better answers.
A.as a result
B. however
C. so that
D. because
23. Some prisons have been closed in the Netherlands _______ a lack of prisoners.
A. because
B. due to
C. despite
D. so as to
24. He asked a stupid question _______ I gave him a stupid answer.
A. so
B. so that
C. although
D. due to
25. The company had to close down _______ the decline in profits.
A. despite
B. because
C. owing to
D. so that

due to
26. The price of oil has gone down   the increase in production.
Even though
27.  a lot has been done, we need to continue working hard.
so that
28. You need to find a more user-friendly name   people can access
it more quickly.
Owing to
29.  the weather conditions, the fire could not be contained.
30. When you argue with your partner you may say things that you don't really
For this reason
want to say.  , you should choose your words carefully before you
speak.
Exercise 4 – Clauses of ‘AS IF, AS THOUGH’
Fill the gaps with verbs from the box in a suitable form, using real or unreal
tenses as appropriate. Use negative contractions, e.g. hasn't, but no others.
Where you have a choice between was and were, you can use either.
enjoy   ·   be (x3)   ·   stop   ·   eat   ·   hurt   ·   see   ·   have got   ·   want
31 You look as if you  saw
 a ghost. Are you alright?
.
32 It tastes as though it  has got
 alcohol in it.
.
33 What a face! You really look as if you  have been enjoyin
 yourself.
.
34 She treats people as if they  were
 her servants.
.
35 It seems as though you  were
 right all along.
.
36 He acts as though he  were
 God's gift to women.
.
37 He's acting as if he  wants
 to tell us something.
.
38 She is walking as though she  had hurt
 herself.
.
39 It sounds as if it  has stopped
 raining now. Let's go out.
.
40 First a huge breakfast, and now he's wolfing down his lunch as if
. he 
hadn't eaten
 for days.