Under Classifications of Organic Compounds/ Functional Group

No Functional Group but it is compos ed of a single bond. It is a saturated

hydrocarbon. General Formula is 𝑪𝒏 + 𝑯𝟐𝒏 + 𝟐. In alkanes the carbon atom
3
undergo sp hybridization

Functional Group is double bond.

General Formula is 𝑪𝒏 + 𝑯𝟐𝒏

Functional Group is triple bond. General Formula is 𝑪 𝒏 + 𝑯𝟐𝒏 − 𝟐

Arene is Benzene. The Benzene ring has a resonance structure; it is one of

the compounds that exhibit the resonance stability. Formula of Benzene is
C6H6.
Functional Group is OH. General Formula is RCH2OH or ROH; where R is an Alkyl
group. There are 3 types of these: (1) Primary – ethyl alcohol, methanol; (2)
Secondary – isopropyl alcohol/ secondary propyl alcohol (3) Tertiary – butyl alcohol,
2-methyl-2-propanol

Functional Group is Carbonyl Group (C double bond O).

General Formula is RCHO

Same functional group as Aldehyde; the difference between the 2 is that Ketone is
more stable than the structure of Aldehyde. Since the H in aldehyde is easily
abstracted and oxidized (Carbocation Mechanism). General Formula is CnH2nO.
Ha s a unique property because of the presence of 2 Functional Group (Ca rbonyl Group and
the Hydroxyl Group). The general formula for the carboxylic acids is CnH 2n+1COOH (where
n is the number of carbon atoms in the molecule, minus 1).

The presence of X or ha logen atoms (FClBrI fluorine, chlorine, bromine or i odine). These
a re represented by the General Formula CnH2n+1X or R-X; where R = alkyl group, X =
halogen atom.

The Functional Group is Amino Group. General Formula is RnH2

Epoxide is same with ether; the difference is that epoxide is cyclic

Same with Epoxide; the difference is that ether is an open chain

compound
A ni trile i s an organic chemical that contains a cya no functional group (s ubunit), CN-, i n
whi ch the ca rbon and nitrogen a toms have a triple bond i .e. C≡N-. The general chemical
formula of a nitrile is RCN, where R is the organic group.

Nitroalkane Group. General Formula is RNO 2.

Thiol derivative is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R

represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The –SH functional group itself is
referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group.

Amide, Acyl Chloride, Acyl Halide, Ester, and Acid Anhydride are derivatives of the Carboxylic Acid
Under Nomenclature/ IUPAC (examples that was said in the discussion)

CH 3NH2 Amino Methane/ Methylamine

CH2CH2OH Ethanol/ Ethyl Alcohol
C2H6 Ethane/Alkane

Benzene/ Aromatic Hydrocarbon

Acetic Acid/ Carboxylic Acid

CH 3COOH

CH3 Acetamide(Ethanamide)/Amide
NH2
CH3CONH 2
CH3Cl Chloromethane/ Methyl Chloride

Br
F I BromoFluoroIodomethane
H
CHBrFI

Propanoyl Chloride/ Acid Chloride/ Carboxylic

CH3CH2 Acid
Cl

2-propanol/Propan-2-ol/ Isopropanol/Trimethyl
CH3 Ketone
CH3

CH3 Ethanal/ Acetal Dehyde

H
CH 3OCH 3 Dimethyl Ether
 Phenol

C 6H5OH

OH (Where is the Hydroxyl Group? Time Stamp

37:57)
CH3CH2 CH3
2-Butanol; Secondary Alcohol
H

H
Primary Alcohol
R OH
H
R
R OH Secondary Alcohol

R
R OH Tertiary Alcohol

R
CH3SH Thiolmethane/Methanethiol
How to name it? (Time Stamp 43:30)

C2H5

CH3 Br

CH3CHCH3
2-Aminopropane
NH2

CH2
Hexene