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    Unit 1

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    vincemugnaio

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    er STRENGTH OF MATERIALS i TO. A simply supported beam of length Z, carries @ualformly distribu loud of i ron over tho rive spn. ko baam erly prepped atthe cent, Detorine i Prop reactions, (i Suppor reactions, (Gi) BM at te cnt, ont (Go) Polat ef contaflenuc, ian: (2) Numerleal Problems 4. Akcam Simone, simply auppartd e ead, i earrying a pont fond at 60 KN ate cantze ‘Tue momento arta he bran 18 1 mm ICE = 2.1 20" Minn, termine the slope {the eupprts a deflection a the contre 3 the beam using conjagabs ben method (ns, 5898 and 15.786 wa 2 A imply oupportd bein of length 10, caries a point and of 1 kN at distance 6 Fn the {eh apport IPE = 2 16" Nini! qn f= 10min, detormine te slope af thet suppor [En delction under tho point load sing crate bean metho. TAs. 600028 rd. and 098 sam A beam of length 6m i cimply supported ase ends and carries to point lads of 48 KN and fo bivutcdstance of 1m and 2 m rapertively fom dhe lef suppor. Find the deflection nodes (heh oe ake ee 2410 Niza? ond T= 855 10" un’ Use conjugate bon method TAs. $19 mm ad 16.7 rund 4. Abcam AB af pan is simply supported st A end B and caries a point loud Wat the eae C rte agen. To ment oferta of he ear soon tT he Tf al and 2 forthe right ale Galenlste the lope st eos and aed deetion a he cane. 5 Acanileverof engl 8 me crrying apn ld 22512 atthe ise nd. IFT = 10 at and ‘Te 0" Ninn, then determine (lope of the antileves at the few end adi) defection Seite es ending sonagate ban eth (Ans. (005987 rad and 20-71) 6 Acantlever of length i'm is carrying pls load of 50 LN sts datance of 2 fom the fed Ea Ic iotomsond E = 2010! Ninn? fad (0) slope at the free end, and (i defision a the {hoe end using conjugnte Denn reo, ane 0005 ead. and 1.67 um) 11. -Acaleyr of length im caries 9 point nd af 24 KN at its centre. The cantilever propped Fiotly athe fee nd. Determine the vest atthe rig prop, (ane. 73 EN) '& Avanliloer of length 4 m eatios sunita disiributd Wal o 2 kNimn zon over the whe feagih, The conor propped rig atte roe ond, EAT = 2 010 Ninn and T= 18min hon determine {i reson at tho etd prop i) the deetion atthe cote of he cantilever, nd Gi) magnise and psiien of maxiqun dfetion Ans. (8 VCH) 0066? mm i) = 1. 688m, Yue 20692 min) 9. Acimply suppated aun of ngth 8m cartias uniformly steed tol of in ran over ihe en lence, The bea erisly poppe at tho conte. Determine 0) reatan ate Prop Gbvenrtions the suppors (id net Bathe sees ad) actions of points of contre, Aaa, 0) 5 KN (9 1 KN i) = 20 kN 3m from each support 10. A. cantilever of length 10 m exis a snformlyditributd lad f 800 Nin length over the ‘thats Tenge es end of the emer tcupportd on pop. The prep sak hy 8 mm. If ‘SOE Nina? and T= 10 at chen Hd the prop resction "Ane. 2750 N} 15 Fixed and Continuous Beams 15.1, INTRODUCTION ‘bean ww bth ae ino a dn Fed bam a ead bain text bom ie eth sod riya i sop fd dertion atthe fad ends av eo uth ed nts ave ed oon neta ‘Hence end moments are not zero in ease of a fixed beam. @ Ag Be i" Meee o Fig. 15 Incase tsily soporte bam, te dette atthe 6 zero at the ends as shown in Fig. 15.1 (a). eee Tn cate of zed eat, the delion and slap ate era the ted ends as shown in Fig 1510) Th loo il to st th endo ibe detection cares Rowrotat atthe che Tolving the alone ck to zero tu, tome she dation carve harisntl a the ed ends) She cod orate yay wl b ting ech yl ating on css md ‘will be acting clockwise az shown in Fig. 15.1 (6). ° A bam whic is supporad on ore tan vo s4pors ie Known a continuo beam ‘Thi chapter deals wth be faad bie sn continous beam nese of ed bea the Ba isa, slop and deen aust ong sch ne ila sem le tea ld and combination ofp lands lyse due, Incas of entisous bon, Capes uation of thre mena od ppletion af this euaion athe contin us bone of spl suppl ends and hed nds ae planed. e19 ou STRENGTH OF MATERIALS oe 153, BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM FOR FIXED BEAMS Fig. 15.1 (0) shows a fixed beam AB of length L subjected to (vo loads W and 207 at & dtcaese tm chen Tee Beant a w ow a 12 us is Fig 15.66 Reg = Resetion at B My = Fized ond moment at & M, = Fixed od moment at B ‘The above four quantities £e, Ry, Ry, My and My are unknowa, "The values of Ry, Ry, My and Mf aro cleulated by analysing the given beam sn the following two stages ().A simply eupported beam eubjeted 0 given vertical loads os shown in Fig. 162. Consider the beam AB as sroply supported Lot Rat = Reaction at A due to vertical Toads ‘Ra’ = Reaction at B duo w versieal loads “Taking moments sbout 4, we get pee ih k : LM. dingrnn considering beam as smely supported ig 152 : © ow, 3h Rgtxbewe £2 tt pA ae wae a and Rte Total load ~ Ry? FRXED AND CONTRUOUS BEAMS 65 Ww _ ow owt Batata =0, Bat a8 SW SWE Baatcn FE. OE Wb TL 474" 16 Now BM. diagram can be drawn as shown in Fig. 16.2 (0) In this case, BM. at any point is a sagging (+v=) moment, Gi) A simply supported beam subjected to en moments only (without given loading) at shown in Fig. 153. Lat M,= Fixed end moment at A 1M = Pized end moment at ‘H = Reaction* at each end due to thess moments [As the vertical loads acting on the bom are not symmetrical whey aro W at distance ‘DA from A and 2W ata distance LA from B), the fzed end momenta will bo diferent. ‘Suppose Af is more than Mf, and reaction R at B is acting upwards. Then reaction Bat A willbe acting doorawards as there is no other load on tho beam. (ERY = 0) aking raoments about A, we get clockwise moment at A = Ant(-elackice moment at A. eae « es aa Le . : [ Pcecetceccescccesteccrctsscccssned bo A, diagram duo to esd moments e153 ‘AG My has hoon aasumed more than M,, the RLS, ofequstion (A) willbe positive, Tis means the inagnitude of reaction Ie at H is"positive. This alto means that the direction of reaction Rat Bis acocding to our assuraption, Henc tho reaction will be upwards at Band Gownvards at A as shown in Fig 15-3 (a). The BM. diagram for this condition ie shown in ig. 158 (6). In this caso, BM. at-any point io a hogging Cv) moment. Since the directions af the two bending siomeats given by Fig. 16:2(b) and Fig. 18: (8) are opposite to each other therfore their resultant effet may be oblained by drawing the two :momente on the same side of tho base AB, as ahown in Fig. 16.4, “ho wasn at ch end will be equal. Thre ls wo veral liad onthe Boom hence renston at ‘As oastion ot B= 0. Or reason at A= reaction a = Soe - : Tate Aneef DM dagen dane io f : it i ‘Area of BLM. dingram due ond mont the ee 7 foaene ob (i = [iucaeee —— ttn ne in aa: : 81) Kot on eet a yee sor sunnah aro daa eterno os pansy oaee a eaimea es ee feces In the above two equations, * and Ry* are already caleulated. They are: y* = Se and R= 7WA. But the value af Rts in terms of Mand i, Teis given by I= (My~ M, 1. Honesto fn tho valuc of R, we mst caloslate the valve of Hy and, first ‘To find the values of M, and My Let AM,= BM. at any section ata distance x from A dus to vertical loads ‘AM, BML at any section ate eetanoos from A due to ond moments "The resiltant BLM, at any suction ata distance x frm A = M,-M, (Mf, is sve but M,'is ve) tot tay set na quo ay Dae : BIS = Mo My Tntagrting the above equation th ene length, we ast fay at [P= face ee at penn hsp sp the at eds et A ne he shove equaion nn be writen aan} (ae « fFtaae- fie k1(0~o}= fst. ce [Made [fice [Myre ‘i Now fe represent th avn of BM, gram several ladon (> tegrated area of BM, diagram ave tod momen Pe eu, wz MM, Multiplying the bore equation by, we ge ay | Bix $F eM ody Tntegrating fo the whole length ofthe beans, from 0 to we get “ede erst. ae = [foM, de cs rfp Py de = (attede fete «ao Inthe shore union A rpenna the as of BM, dngra ds to vt leads sa diane mond 4 od otra ha rps te nose oe Atop abst he and A oc [Ede romans the monet he tale 3.8 iagraim due Wo vertical Toads about A, and it s «qual to total ares of B.M, diagram due to vertical loads multiplied by the distance of ©. ofarea frota A, (faire wor Dino Pdr ee ata finme: de om #"= Dt sth 6 of Bara et una Sutin tn hv nn aff Bh ae 0 Similaely ome as rnensT¥ OF HATERS eo eee: ty fete : . ale). (2 a or ETL y)— (0x 04-94) 1= OF =. Sine nope and defn a Bar sero, Hence Gy 94 an 7 08 0. onar-eF or wena as But fom equation (1.1, we have fee asa Fronce the distance of €.G, of BM. dlagram dus to vertical loads from Ais equal tothe Aistonce of CG, of BAM. diagram due to end moments from A. "Now by using equations (15.1) and (16.3) "ho unknowns Mf, and Mf can be calculated. "Tots also mens that M, and M can bo eilcuated by ) equating the aren of BM. diagram due to vertical loads to the area of BM. disgraro duo w end moments. Gi equating the distance of C.G, of BM. diagram due to vertical loads tothe distance of ©. of Bat diagram due ta end moment. The distance of €.G, must be taken fom the same ‘eu in both cases 15.8. SLOPE AND DEFLECTION FOR A FIKED BEAM CARRYING A POINT LOAD AT THE CENTRE ig. 15.5 (a) shows a fixed bestn AB of length Z, carrying point lord W at the centre C ofthe beam, o & Me ws a hs, o ‘i 7 Taeayan al e = ° € w 7 Re oe Se Sm Fig. 185 Neo AND CONTRUUS BEANS 619 ‘ined end moment at y= Reaetlon at A Ry = Reaction at B "The above four aro unknown ie, Ry, M, avd Mare unkenown, BM Diagram ae to symineir, the end moments M, and M, wil be equal. Honco the B.M. diagram aus to ond moments willbe a rectangle az shown in Fig. 15.5(8) hy ABPB. Here the magnitde off, and A, are unknown The bending moment diagrim fora simply supported beam carrying 4 polnt load at tho conteo willbe a triangle withthe maximum BM. s¢ the centre eqs € WL TE the BM. diagram for this caso is shown in Fig. 15.5 8) by a triangle ADB in which [Now according to equation (15.1), area of B.M. diagram du ta vertieal loads should be ‘equal (othe area of BM. diagram due to end moments, quatng the areas of the two bending moment diagrams, we got ‘Arca of telangle ADC = Area of rctangle AEFB « Baapxco=aneas i ase ow he BL acm bee swan i 128 088 om tng te dre nomen ada mone ut Aw gt Byxkriyent, et May 1 Byxtew.E or R wi 8is Du to symmetry, Ry [Now the SP. diagram can be drawn as shown ir Fig. 15.5) Ts elt earth STRENGTH OF MATERIA'S (Gi) Slope ond Depection ‘The BM, at any eection betweon AC at a distance = from A is given by, 5 aE enced : Wes WL ae -~—Intagrating the abore equation, we got WF WL oe, Haq a 8 - where ©) so constant of ntgrason 20, % 20, Hence C,=0 Atrao, Boo. A ‘Therefore the above equation oomes a2 ae ene wt) Bae 8 “The above equation (gives the lope ofthe beam at any pont: Integrating equation (agai, we get we ML 2,6, Bong ee where G, is another constant of inlegration. At =0,y = 0- ence C "Therefor the ave equation become as Was! Wet a eae 18 “The above equation (i) gee the deflection ofthe Beam at any point. Th dlc L & im equation Gi, aoe L ss "mdm atthe centre ofthe beam, where x =. Henee substituting weet Ey He (ES Fran) “te (E WLS WL? _ 2wWL? - 3WI? 96 ee Ts Wee 7 Ynax” 192 BT ~ ins sign moans that the deoeton is downwards. wit a Downward deflection, Ye ™ 9p EE 15.5) NED ANO CONTINJOUS BEANE et eh ttn ota of ssp neg Pad Wa core BE. Hee eat hing mtd ns he ein the tenon a he el edi fd a rth th enh ily sorters Has fd aaa Se Pram 1A om Am oa icrping elt it of OA a i cen ‘he monant of thi of he fas TB ao oe 8 he a Es C1 Minit Deut (2d ed monet Aond Bond (i Dcton amc nd Sol. Given Length, L-=6m-=6000 mm Point oad, W= 50 kN = 50000 N Mou, 3% 10 rm Value ot B= 2.13 108 Nimmnt Tet My = Fizod end moment at A, My = Fixed end moment at B, Yne = Deflection under the extra pst load, ‘Usiny equation 15.4), we get Bye Myo 21828 16 tin Aan Ung aqutien 88, ee we iat 50000». 8000" Teds 2110 «78010 = 3484 mm. Ans. Alternate Method Fig, 15540 shows the spy sported beam which is having Max. BM, a the cen- fre equal t Ry? <3 = 25 x3} © 75 kNm. Fig. 15.64 ©) shows the BO. diagram for atply supported beat Fig, 1BSAGh shows the fixed beum with end moments only. Due to symmetry end roe ments are equal. Hence = My. Fig. 16.84 () shows the .M.dingratn dus to ond moments ly. This diagram ia rectanate STRENGTH OF MATERIALS ee cas - DBM Bagram jo ‘the dis mo acting emote, thant My nd Mg wl ent. Inia : cat gin mows tanh ated i bees too tee Sa, gente ed _ eC rr | — ee —C | hl o oso chown in Fig, 15.6 (6) bya triangle ADB in whieh cD = WS, — ° a cu anreno amas a we mst iagana, 0 eusting he ata of 0 BA ing ve ess wee Sgro fr silane _ Se lag Soe ond mone rsts~sSCsC eae Fr te | Hap +aP AB « - ye Basten 2 But = Mp ae -_ “Tats kNm. Ans. f) or My+My= fi) 154. SLOPE AND DEFLECTION FOR A FIXED BEAM C/ ‘POINT LOAD |ARRYING AN ECCENTRIC Cate Fig, 156 (0) shows a fied beam AB of longth L,carrsing a pont loed W st © istanae t's tom A anid at a distance of from B. Tho fixed end oments Ma, oo rooclons at A and B e,,R and Rare shown inthe same Bgure and Mand [Now using equation (15:9, (or _Distanee of CG. of B.M. diagram du to vartical loads from A = Distance of C.G. of BM, iagrara dus to end moments from A. FR AND CONTINVOUS BEAMS 625 3 2 SIRENGTH OF MATERIALS te Bt Par Now aa aes By s2Mp). ask met aL BOR, + Mg) 21 pae-Moxdh 2 ly D3 +5 Ly Meee a Mg My w SEDO + Mg ge [4 2My = My te Lily Me) io . - [Fae Ata 424 oom equation] My Ea(My MOE guy te 2My.L- att b : Mas Taryn) MMM) 60 Mg: Le Bil Le _ (Qty 228) .L Sabtracting oge-soe (fom equation (i, we ast ig My) SOT, +My) Mywtavt), ab Was Gs rear Wod(aet TE aHan(erbee ge(eee a) Sutituting the value of My in austion (0), we gat Wald Wad ae Wea.d Wats ME ( beand) io) Now if, snd Mg are known and hones bonding oment diagram cen be deawn. Prom and {See Fig 16.7169 equations (ind Go) els leur that fa> 8 than Mg fg : G8. F Diggram . quating the clockwise moments and antielacowive about A, Ry xb M,=M,+ Woo Gly - Myo Wea - A 2 (on) ane . (cancation 2) Similarly y= Matyi oo By subetiasing the values of My and Mp trom equstion (i) and (i), in the above (Bata Sab ob? _ ot 2ab +a +6" ‘uations, wo shall get, and fy, Now SF. ean'be dravm as show in lig. 18.8. Biexd) 3+) iid Slope and Defertion Balas dyeb(asb) Gar blos8) ‘The BAM at any section batween AC a a dstoncex is given Hiab) Herds aoa Sete Gineoees leave te Barb arlerb ork re BEE Re My we menor oF MaEAUS sees Substing the val fin the above equation we gt [aH mae f 77 fa y= Mg), Wb ay = as! - Me [is ete stog] Substituting the valuos of My ad By, we get Woot.b _ Wea.bt Caer Wado y 2 fo-0) = Wbx Wed» 7 Wat 2 Hbe Mabey 5-8 we Wao? eae Bg Wet Webap_ gt = What a eae De But bees Az (a + bia ah +124 206, ‘Substitating the valu of £2 in the abe equation, we get yew We! BS EP to 4 20b ot sabe Wb ge wea.bt TEP asad Ee Wg.8 7 wot sens = ped Intograting the above equation, we get ay wot F Wat, ee oy 30 5 Eee, ‘whore C, is aeonstant of integration, 0, Hence C, = 0. MAE saat Ea ~o xD AND CONTINUOUS DENIS or Integrating again, eget wat Fi Wo.s! st Wt ease). oat aa eee ‘whore Gs another constant of integration. At x=, y = 0. HeneeC, = 0. wat + _Waas? By EE to otan? ae i) ‘The deflection under the load ia obtained by substituting Lot, isthe deflection under the Toad, then in the above equation Won? ai? PEE eso W.bt.a® 6? Walp Matt ayaa Wao “e Wa? TEP aw» Beans wots! a oe) (aL-a)-0) Weal.a? ‘ee 115.6) nn Maximum defttion ‘Since a> 6, hence maximum deflection will ake place between A and C, For maxizmum & ‘ setenv Hence tating $= On gto 0 me wt 2 Wa.8 on Teer amat Tee Woot wis? 2 ee EE ota Wet att Zak EW Ova) * ean ee Subsitating thin vlue oi gun 0, wo ge msalnum delecon ce ‘senta the maximum deflection, then : : a HP oto fab) Matt (aay at “lbesa, 28 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS ED AND COMTINOUS BEAMS 629 Jena ism wo! (tab cs 7 fa aot? oy 2 Wald! Gr 8a* Woo? eta? Problem 153.4 fred bean AB flat m cories a point oad of AON at distance of 2 fom Al the fletaral rig, Bo the ear sf 10" EN deere (0 Pied end moments af and B, (in Defecton under the lod, (9 Mexia defection, ard (i) Porton of masimum deflection. Sol Given tee ere Pit loa, Flexural rigidity, I= 1 10K Distance af oa fom A, etm Distance o aed fom B, btm ot Mond fy = Fined ond moment, De Deflection unde he led Joe = Maximum deflation and “2 Distance ef maximum deletion fom A (@) The fixed end moments at A and B are given by Woot! dixon ee 058) =10kNm, Ans. Wegth 452281 and ty = Nogest = SAE a0 uN. Ans, ( Deneetion under load ie given by equation (15.6) as Swale eee ge eo" gE" Bata ae "0 == 0444 mm. Ans. ve eign moans the deflection ie dowmnvards. Gi) Maximum deflection is given by equation (1.8) 22 2 Wats! BET" a0)? Yaa 2 ast 6A Seaet08 sana? "9x10" ad = 0.00068 m=~0491m Ans. () The distance of masmum deletion fm point A given by equation (15.7 as aL Graa) Beved 12 oR Bert Ans Alternate Method Fig. 15.7A (6) shows the simply supported beam with vertical lond of 45 KN at a distance 2m from A, ‘The reactions R,* and R* due to vertical load will be Rj? =45 2 or Ry*= 90%= 90 KN and R,* = 45 - 20= 16 KN, ig. 15:7A (© shows the BM. diagram with max BMat Cand oqual to," x2= 162 a0 kN. Fig. 15.74 (d) shows the fxed beam with ond moments and reactions. As the vertical load is nt acting symmetrically, thezefore, and A, willbe diffrent in the case My wl be ‘more than Af,, #8 lod is neuer to point B. The B.M. diagram ia shown in Fig. 15. 7A) ©) Fixed end momenteat A and B. To Gd the value of M, and Mg, equate the areas of tro BAL diagrams. ‘Area of BM. diagram due to vertical loads «Area of BLM, diagram due to end moments 802 01 yey Ay + Agere y= 52 30, EE a ag (Mp - 8 Aye My A * 215 My) * 0+ 15 = 3M, + 15My— 1.5 My or aoe 15M, + LOM, 45 or aMyeMy or MytMy=20 6) Now equating the distance of G. 0M. diagram due to vertical lond to the distance of| €.G.of BAM, diagram due to ond moments fram the sme end (Le, feom end A} te Aaa ce tefeatloed) seeded ee Sea - M0495 _ ASM +3My 3M 15, 1 3My 47 LGM, + 15M,” LSM, + 16My 630 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS -exe0 AND CONTRNOUS BEAMS eat 76 5M, 62Bp) gg 5 _ Mat Me o ASCH) BT Mas My or 5M, + My = 8M, + My or 2My= My e, Solving equations () and (i), we get ‘M, = 10 kNm and if, =20Nm. Ans Mason aie tena manent cy fig 15.04 ‘Let us now find the reaction R dus ts end moments only. As the end moments axe iffrent, hence these wil be resction at A ata B. Both th reactions will be equ and opposite ln direction, ax there is no vertis! load, whan wo consider end moments only. As Mf is more, the reaction & will be upwards at B end downwards at A as shown in Fig, 18.74 (id) | | | | ‘Taking the moments about A for Fig. 15.7ACD, we get clockwise moment at A = Anti dockwiae moments at My=My4Rx3 . pe Ma=Me [Now the total reaction at A and 2 wl be, 20-10 _ 10, pars 10.35; ay Ry-Ra15- 1. Say wenesos 0, 100 and By eRe eR= 904 Oo Oy Now, consider the fixed beam as shown in Fig. 15:78. ‘The BAM, at any coction botween AC at distance « from A i given by Rx My si Integrating ogni, we got 36 xt 10s" eC ear Te e at £20,900, 6 Oy io) (i Deflection under the load From equation (iv), we have 632 [STRENGTH OF MATERIALS "To find tho defection under the lad, substitute x= 2s inthe above equation. Bf a2? 5 2] als 1 pass ml (meta == 0.000144 m=—0444 mm. Ans. {C ve sien menne the defletion is dowavard) (Gt Masimasm deletion % om (wil bo maximum when = 0. Deeestion 9) wl ince substituting the value of 4 = 01m equation (i), we got 382 o- Bet - 108 o 0 = 252-60" or 0 =x (G5r-60) ‘This means that ethers =0 or 35x 6) = 0 for maximum deflection, But x cannot be 2ero, bacausa when = = 0,9 ‘Br - 60 = 0 2 o 22GB cine uhting¢ = 1.714 mi equation i, we git maxim dfecton, Fling = Banos? 3s . = Bane? -sano* sue Bf Sara? sane] = halon 14s) Taal i 0.00049 m = 0.49 mm. Ans. (do) Position of maximum defection ‘The maxima deflction will be ata dance of L714 m i.e, = 1-714 m) ftom end A. ‘Ans. Problem 15:3 A fined beam AB of length 6m carries point loads of 160 kN and 120 KN lata disiance of 2 m and 4m fom the lft end A. Fad the fod end moments ond the reaetions ‘a the eupporte, Draw BM. and SF. diegrame, Sol. Given, Tenet <6m Load at C, Wy = 160 KN Load at D, Wy = 320 kN Distance AG 22m. Distance AD= 4m. NED AN CORTAUOUS BEAMS aa ortho sake of convonione let us rat alee the ized end moments de oad Cand D and then add up the momente. eee Ci) Pina ond moments dus to load ot C. Fortho lad at Qa (Gd Pixod ond moments due to load st D. Similarly forthe load at D, a= 4 m and 6 = 2. West Mya Me . oe = ORLA spn wd ge Mast 1088? op ce Nin : —— is itl eae eee le a c o qi S Pe ks fo agg egy ba a rem ‘Total fixing moment st A, My = Ma, 1M = 142.22 658.53 196.56 kNm. Ans. “STRENGTH OF MATERIA'S ‘and total xing moment st, My BAM, diagram due to vetica! loads ‘Consider the beam AB as sraply supported. Lat R,* and Ry” are the reactions wt A and {B duo to snaply supported Deam. Taking moments about A, we get Rg? #6: 160% 2 + 1204 10+ 480 = 800 gro MP snaanen ‘teat y?= (10 +20) -39939 BM. at C= Ry*2= 14667 x2 = 200.34 kN BM, at D> Ry*x2= 18888 « 2 = 260.00 kN BM atB [Nowe the R.M diagram dve to vertieal loads ean be drawn as shown in Fig, 15.8 (0). In the same figure the BLM. diagram de to fsxod ond moments is slso shown, SEF. Dingram Let Ry~ Resultant reaction a A due a fixed end momenta and vortic! loads ‘a = Resultant reaction at B. Bguating the clockwise momenta and anti-clockwise moments about A, we get TRyx 64+ My= 160% 2+ 12x 4+ Dy o yx 6+ 196.58 = 320+ 4804 177.77 y= MOTTE 19858 «ono and Ry =Total oad Bp 60 + 120) 1503 SPatA=R, =149634N SF at 0 = 14961 160 =~ 10.37 KN SB. atD =~ 10.87~ 120=~ 190.97 WN SF. at B=— 130.37 ®N [Now S., diagram san be drawn as showa in ig. 15.8 (0. Alternate Method Fig. 15.8 (6) ahowe the cimply supporied bean with vertical loads Let Ry> and 2,° are the reactions at A and B due to vertial loads. Taking moments about A, we Bot 8 100.1 2 4 12 90 480 = 600 gt 00 03.38 and yt lal ad — 26 = (160 + 120) 133,98 = 146.67 NN BM.atA=0 BML at C= Ry? x2 = 146.67 x 2= 290.34 KN BMC at D = Ry? 2= 19838 2 = 26068 Nm xe Me comTous tee 2s ‘Now the BM diagram due vertal bade an be drawn ar shown a Fg THA) Fe 854 ahs ed ton ith en mnt nl. a a 1601 searertand Ace fy wi be mre tan My Fhe Bt gra du send meen ‘shown in Fig, 15.84(e). ‘ss ofindthe vale ff My, gute dhe aes of v0 BM, agra, ‘ova of 2. dagram ut ert Ares of BM diagram deen ments Me ct oan ea and oman oy Mig 384 oss rena o aris | - a 3 Combed BM, Digan 8 fiy=106.554Nim and fy «17.7 Nm Now th eine BM. gr ca be dav ACHE 2x I808 _ayg9 ssshontine 1680) - ote aa, Todrav the dag, lets fet he aus of relates du vert oe cates lend tnt andy. ars igo Tong moet 30 2H808 coop Seesttodvte moment sen dose rome ct Teowze 20x48 My =Bfpe pee DEZDE 2220807 AND CONTUOUS BEANS ett ‘As 12 ropresents the contre ofthe beat, Honce the to paints of contralexures occur ata distance of 1/243 from the centre ofthe beam, Problem 155.A fised beam of length § m curries @ uniformly distributed load of ANI run over the entire span. If = 4.5% 104 ml and B= 1 % 10" BN’, find the fing ‘mamente at the ends and the deflection at tha cen ‘So Giver Length, Li5m Val. <9 kN Value of 510-1 Valo of 10" KN {The fixing moments at the ends is given by equation (18.9) tal! gxst fe= 10.75 KNm. Ans, 2 ip The defection at the centre is given by equation (15.1) 08 xp Baa Td x0 8.254 mn. Ans, Problem 15.6. Find the fixing moments and support reactions of@fized beam AB of Length 6 m, carrying @ uniformly distributed lead of 4 RN over the left half ofthe span. ‘Sol Given Length, Ual, @ BM, diagram due to end moments Let My = Fizing momane at A M= Fixing moment at 3. ‘The value of M, will bv more than: My 26 laa due ud. fs nearer to point A ‘The BM, diagram due to end moment wil he tapesium as shown in Fig. 16.11 (6) by ABR. "Tho aroa of BM, diagram dus to ond moment is given by, a= My +My) 6 = 30,4 My) “a Gt) BM, diagram due to wertic! loads [Now drave the BLM. diageam due tow for asimply supported beam, Lat B,* = Reaction at A for a simply supported beam [Rg = Reaction at B fora simply supported bear. ‘Taking moments about A fora simply supporied beam, we get aug a By Tlind Ry Sree ‘The BM, at A and B aro zero, STRENGTH OF MATERIALS oa [eM cag eves Big 1801 BM, st = Ry*5.=343=9 kN, . ‘The BLM. diagram ftom A to C willbe parabolic and from C to A the BAM. diagram will follow a straight line law as shoven in Fig. 15.11 io. ‘The area of the BAM. due to vertienl loads given by (¢ Aros of parabala ACD + Arca of triangle BOD Ate farina ACD + fx 93 re) ‘ofld the area ofthe paabala ACD, condor aarp of langth ds’ ata tances rom Ainponim AC ‘he BOL ata distance x hom is given by MyeRyene—dex. Pete 28 & agew ro of BA. agra of length ee =D ‘Tota aroa of parabola from to Cis bteined by integrating the above equation batween the limits of Ona 3. ‘Area of parabola ACD [locate Sal ares stg he rte neon 0, weet 022254 Fx 9x3=300 iy WED AND CONTROLS BEANE 643 ——————————— Eating he ro on ge yeptons and ih wwe Say chicas . Moses ty Naw mone Baan eo veils sot Age c= sate Arn fan 8D “Dita oft 86 fom [oor ee desean(ae as) + flown. aco (61-405) +54 = 945 Ww Moment of BLM. diagram du to end moments about Ais given by face Pig. 15.11 (i, 2" Area ABPH x Distance of CG, of ABFH fom A ‘Area HPE x Distance ofits C.G. fram A - eS a = Mg xDD FG KLM Ay) Bc soi tay +2) e get» 8 ors on utara tn rn, get Migs Ib? 120 AI0ANm An Substituting this value in equation i}, we get My=12-8.15 825 kN. Ans. Resultant reaction wt A Re = Resultant reaction at B. ‘Bauating the anti-clockwise moments and closkise moments about A, ByX 64+ My ed x3 x15 + My or By 6+825 = 18 4 3:75-=21.75 a, PLB ane 18.99 - 225 kN, Ans. and Ry =Total load ~ 2 54x83 225-975 KN. Ans, Gi STRENGTH OF MATERIALS ‘Second Method for Problem 15.6 “eave a Macaulay's method canbe wed and drely the Fixing moments and end reactions can be caleulete, This method io used wheve the stexs of BM diagrams cannot be determined Snvenietly yan aim ae My a For this method itis necestary that wd should be extended upto B and then eompen- ated for upward wal, fr length BC as shown in Fig. 15.12 ‘The BM. we any section at a distance x from A is given by & Ever ax OD Bt EZ tye Mi werx vax a 8 deat sana? oe My AE see Ry seMyotet a2ie- a? a) Integrating, we got ® a ee ee oy See 4 age HE ett wo geet ar eergan ee oe ease m2 siya Ba? Pe : ‘when x= 6, ‘XO AND OONTINLOUS BENBES os Substituting thie valuo in equation (iv) [Here complete equation is taken), we got eG Manet Age t frets 2 x69 3 2 = 96R, - 18M, 216+ 185 o 202.50 = 36K, ~ 1884, 101.25 = 18R, — 04, a) m, Ze » Z n0. Substituting those values in the complete equation (i), we get & 2 On Rg © Myo 2 GH te Myx6- 26? 26-37 AR, = M, x6 144+ 18 126 = 18K, ~ 64, toe) Suiting eqn fom eto hwo tae iniascang ae : sian oS oases Shing hi vats ti ego, ‘moran, 68s tual ecass y= PE*E828 ere kN, Ane Now Ry =Total load Ry = AxS-9.75=225 KN. Ans. ‘To find the value of My, we must equate the clockwise moments and anti-clockwise moments about 8. Henee Clcksrse moments aout 2 = Anti-lockwiso moments ebout B My + By x62 My 4409045) or M,+875 <6 = 825 154 eR and Mi, = 825) Problem 15.7. A flzed beam of length 20 m, carries @ uniformly distributed load of 8ANim om the left hand half together with @ 120 kW load at 15 m from the loft hand end. Find the nd reactions and fixing moments and magnitude and the postion of the masirur deflection. Take B= 2% 10° AN/n and [= 4 % 30! mm Sol Given Length, Val, Point load, Value of Value of T2410? ramt = 4 JO" mt Lengths, AC# 10m, AD= 15m Fig. 15.13 shows the loading on the fzed boar, cal STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 9m My oun “he s0n———+ is ig 18a Let Ry and fp = End renetions at A and B Nigand Mf, = Fixing moments a A and B ‘Lotus apply Macaulsys method for thiecase. Henco itis necessary that thew. should beextended upto and then compensated fr upward 4 Tor length BC as shown in Fig, 18.14 "Tho BAM, a any ection at distance x rom A is given by, pee ) aca 4-10) Betz 10% Rye My- 8x = 1206¢-18) + Ra My 4a 1206-18) «Ae 107 ntograting the above equation, we get 2 0, Subututing this value in tho above equation upto frst dotted line, wo get fre, equatlon (i becomes es re dew TE Las al 201 Re Fig 15.14 BE at aye Ae 6008 — 15 in EBs tga Be 6018-15 ti) FXED AN CONTINOUS BEAMS ear Totograting again, we get Rat! Mat at 6! soe 160"! 4 ce —10)4 Fo cea eee tre erases 0 ‘when #=0, y= 0, Substituting this value the above equation upto fist dotted line, we get. G,= 0. Therfore equation (it becomes Ras? Maa? _ ot] ae Bagh Mas 2 ape 15)" + 3-108 so) Suhsitating these values in complate equation (iv), we get Rgx20_Myx26* 204 i 22020" yap 19? +} @o-10) as (Beading by 209 a . Singh Ely= ; sees . ee oot 90~ $0000 15? «0-108 Raed oat, MO 9 (Dring 20 108-16, 280 200 ra 1600, og 200, 10) or tay 282 75.28 ng oe taey at, has or _20R,~ 28, = 1088.32 (ltipying by 2 both sides) 0) Substfacting equation (o} from equation (ui), we get BM, = 1088.92 - 187.50 = 296.82 kim. Ans. Substituting tis valua of M, in equation (wo got 20R, ~ 2x 295.82 = 1085.22 1089.92 + 2205.62 Re = = 8748 KN. Ans. Now Ry = Total load on beam ~ Ry (10 «8 + 120) 88.7484 116.252 KN, Ans ‘Buating the clockwise moment and anti

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