SSETP-03-14 Fuzzy Maths Explained 8th

SUBSEA ENGINEER TRAINING PROGRAMME
Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained
Subsea Fuzzy Maths
Problem 1:
On the rig Pollution Provider 999 is present:
5 ea 18-3/4-inch 15M Cameron type U-II Ram preventers

Volume open: 13.33 US gallon
Volume close: 14.62 US gallon
Closing ratio: 1:10.85
Opening ratio: 1:1.68
The surface bottles are divided in 4 equal racks
2 ea Hydril GX 10M annular preventers

Volume open: 58 US gallon
Volume close: 58 US gallon
Water-depth: 1,800 ft
Mud-weight is 16.3 p.p.g.
Surface temperature 30 degrees Celsius
Subsea temperature 4 degrees Celsius
Accumulators present:
24 ea. surface Shaffer 20-US gallon accumulators pre-charged at 1,050 psi.
The accumulator bottles are installed in 4 equal sections.
On the stack are 10 ea. Shaffer 20-US gallon accumulators installed.
The storage tank of the mixing fluid is 500 US gallon
Questions:
1. Calculate the volume required from this BOP for the accumulator test.
Ram preventers
5 (not 4!) Ram preventers Close-Open= 5x(13.33+14.62)=139.75
Annular preventer
1 Annular (not 2!) Close-Open= 1x(58+58)=116
Total 139.75+116=255.75US gallon
2. Calculate the total amount of fluid present in the surface and subsea
accumulator bottles.
Surface bottles:
P1xV1=P2xV2
P1=1,050
V1=20-1=19 US gallon
P2=3,000 psi
V2=?
19x1,050=3,000xV2
V2= 6.65 (this is the Nitrogen volume)
The total volume for the fluid is 19-6.65=12.35 US gallon
Total amount of surface accumulator bottles is 24
© ModuSpec Engineering (International) B.V. 1
SSETP-03-14 Fuzzy Maths explained 5th ed new1
Total amount of fluid for the surface bottles is:

24x 12.35=296.40 US gallon
Subsea Bottles
P1xV1=P2xV2
T1 T2
Waterdepth factor 0.445X1,800=801psi
P1=1,050+801=1,851psi
V1=20-1=19US gallon
P2=3,000+801=3,801psi
V2=?
T1=30+273=303 ºKelvin (absolute temperature)
T2=4+273=277 ºKelvin (absolute temperature)
P1xV1=P2xV2
T1 T2
V2=1851x19x277/(3801x303)
V2=8.5 US gallon
Total Fluid volume each accum. subsea is 19-8.5=10.5 US gallon

Total amount of bottles is 10
Total amount of fluid subsea is 10x9.75=97.50 US gallon
Explanation:
The pre-charge is performed on service and the fluid is charged

subsea. So also have to take the influence of the temperature change
in consideration.

3. Calculate the usable volume of the surface bottles.

Surface bottles:
P1=1,050 psi
V1=20-1=19
P2=3,000 psi
V2=?
P3= 15,000:10.85 (closing ratio)=1,382 psi
V3=?
P1xV1=P2xV2=P3xV3
1,050x19=3,000xV2=1,382xV3
V2= 19,950:3,000=6.65 Total Fluid is 19-6.65=12.35
V3=19,950:1,382=14.43 Useless Fluid is 19-14.43=4.57
Usable Volume is V2-V3= 12.35-4.57=7.78 US gallon
Total usable volume surface bottles is 24 x 7.78=186.72 US gallon
4. Calculate the usable volume of the subsea bottles.
Subsea Bottles:
Hydrostatic head is 0.445x1,800=801psi
P1=1,050+801=1,851
V1=20-1=19 US gallon
P2=3,000+801=3801psi
V2=?
P3=1,382+801=2,183psi
V3=?
T1=30+273=303º Kelvin
T2/T3=4+273=277º Kelvin
P1xV1=P2xV2=P3xV3
T1 T2 T3
1,851x19=3,801xV2=2,183 xV3
303 277 277
V2=1,851x19x277 =8.46 Total Fluid is 19-8.46=10.54 US gallon

3,801x303
V3= 1,851x19x277 =14.72 Useless Fluid is 19-14.72=4.28 US gallon

2,183x303
Usable volume subsea is V2-V3=6.26 US gallon

Total usable volume subsea is 10x6.26=62.60 US gallon
5. Is the accumulator capacity sufficient? If not, what can be done to solve this?
To complyto API:
Situation A- the total volume must be at least the volume used plus 50%
reserve.
Required fluid= 255.75 US gallon

To get the 50% extra volume so required: 255.75x1.5= 383.62 us gallon
Total volume present Surface+ Subsea=296.40+97.50=393.40 US gallon
So for the total volume we comply to API
Situation B: The remaining pressure should be equal or above the ram

BOP closing ratio
Required fluid is 255.75 US gallon (DO NOT USE THE 50% EXTRA HERE!)
Usable fluid is Surface+Subsea=186.72+62.60=249.32 US gallon
We are NOT allowed to use more than 249.32 because the accumulator
PRESSURE will drop below the RAM CLOSING RATIO
We are using 255.75 gallon so the pressure will be too LOW!
We do NOT comply to API for situation B, we have to increase the pre-
charge pressure of the surface bottles.
6. When we increase the pre-charge to 1,250 psi for the surface bottles what
would be the new usable volume?
P1V1=P2V2=P3V3
1250x19=3000xV2=1382xV3
V2= 7.92 Fluid is 19-7.92=11.08
V3=17.18 Fluid is 19-17.18=1.82
Usable volume is V2-V3=11.08-1.82=9.26
Total usable volume surface is 24x9.26=222.24 US gallon
(As you can see the TOTAL amount of fluid is declining, but the usable
volume increases if the precharge is raised.)
Due to the extra pre-charge are we now complying to API! We improved
the quality of the fluid of the accumulators!
7. What will be the highest pre-charge possible for the surface bottles?
About 100 psi below the closing ratio level 1,382-100=1,282psi
8. Is the volume of the mixture tank sufficient to apply to API? If not, calculate
the minimum required size for the mixture tank.
(Total amount of fluid for the tank is the amount of fluid you van
pump inside accumulator bottles, plus enough capacity to drain the
largest bank of accumulator Bottles)
API Spec 16 D section 4.2.4.3.1 says:

“The control fluid system reservoir usable capacity shall be at least

equal to the total accumulator stored hydraulic fluid volume. There
should be sufficient volume in the reservoir above the hydraulic fill
valve shut off level to permit draining of the largest bank of
accumulators without overflow”
The volume of the mixture tank is large enough to comply to API:

Capacity surface bottles+capacity subsea + largest bank volume is:
Minimum 296.40+97.50+(296.4/4)=468 US gallon is minimum size.
Problem 2:
On the rig Abortunada 555 the following equipment is present:

Weight stack: 310,000 lbs (in water)

Weight LMRP: 210,000 lbs (in water)
Weight marine slick marine risers (in air): 14,000 lbs
Weight 40 ft riser pup in air: 12,000 lbs
Weight buoyancy risers in water: 400 lbs
Weight of the tension ring is 12,000 lbs
Weight of the diverter is 11,000 lbs
Weight of the slip joint outer barrel (OB) is 16,000 lbs (in air)
Weight of the inner barrel is 6,000 lbs (in air)
The length of the slip joint OB is 65 ft.

The length of the slipjoint Inner Barrel is 55 ft.
The OB is above the sea water level.
The length of the risers is 50 ft.
The ID of the slip joint inner barrel is 19-3/4" inch.
The risers have an OD of 21 inch and have a wall thickness of 5/8-inch.
Distance from RKB to the Datum WH connector is 3,318 ft.
The mud weight is 11.8 p.p.g.
The distance from RKB to the bottom of the diverter is 17 ft.
The height of the complete BOP is 38 ft.
The swallow of the Wellhead connector is 2 ft
The height of the LMRP is 18 ft.
The rig used 4 slick risers and the rest is buoyancy risers.
The buoyancy factor of the slick risers is 0.86.
There are 16 riser tensioners installed, each set is using three APV bottles of 274
US gallon each.
Questions
1. What would be the fixed figure we can subtract from the RKB-Datum height?
RKB-Diverter= 17 ft
Slipjoint inner barrel mid-stroke(55:2)= 27.5 ft
Slipjoint outer barrel= 65 ft
LMRP= 18 ft
Stack to datum wellhead (38-(18-2)= 18 ft +
Total fixed figure 145.5 ft
Calculate the amount of marine risers required for this well.

The amount of marine risers is
RKB-datum wellhead-fixed figure= 3,318-145.5 = 63.45 riser

Length of each riser joint 50
We have no a .45 riser so we have to calculate what pup we need

The pup we need is .45x50=22.5 so we chose the 25 ft pup
So in total our riser string will be: 63 x 50 ft risers and one 25 ft pup
2. Calculate the tension required for each tensioner to land the BOP, when
leaving
50,000-lbs landing weight and using 75,000-lbs for the DSC. A standard slick
joint riser is used to land the BOP.
Weight landing string :
Stack =310,000
LMRP =210,000
Slick risers 4x14,000x0.86 =48,160
Buoyancy risers 59x400 =23,600
Pup 7,500x0.86 =6,450
Slipjoint OB =16,000
Slipjoint IB =6,000
Tension ring =12,000
Landing joint =14,000 +
Total string weight 646,210 lbs
In the compensator 75,000 lbs

Landing weight 50,000 lbs
Total 125,000 lbs
On the tensioners 646,210- 125,000 =521,210 lbs

Divided by 16= 32575 lbs or 32.57 kipps per tensioner
3. Calculate the tension required for each tensioner after landing and latching
the BOP using a 75,000-lbs over-pull using sea water.
Pull after landing:

LMRP =210,000
Slick risers =48,160
Buoyancy risers =23,600
Pup =6,450
Overpull =75,000 +
Total pull =391,210
Total pull divided by 16=24.45 kipps per tensioner
4. Calculate the riser tension for each tensioner required when the rig starts
using this mud, maintaining the 75,000-lbs over-pull.
Mudweight in air
Inner barrel (27-2.5=24.5) 25.5ft (2.5 ft too high-IB is shorter!)

Outer barrel 65ft +
90.5 ft
Mudweight in water
Marine risers 63x50 3150ft
Riser pup 25ft+
3175ft
LMRP 18ft
Weight mud air:

inner barrel slipjoint+outer barrel slipjoint=90.5 ft
90.5x{(19.75 ²xπx0.25)}x11.8x0.052=17,012 lbs
(I used phi from the calculator=3.141592654
(0.052 is the conversion to bring the ft into inches and the gallons into cubic
inches= 12:231 --------- 12 inch in 1 ft and 231 cubic inches in 1 gallon)
Weight mud seawater:

Marine risers+LMRP
Risers: 3,175x{(19.75²xπx0.25)}x(11.8-8.6)x0.052=161,853lbs
LMRP: 18x {18.75²x πx0.25)}x(11.8-8.6)x0.052=827 lbs
Total risers +LMRP= 161,853+827=162,680lbs
Mudweight added to the standard pull gives:

391,210 + 162,680+17,012=570,902bs
Divided by 16 tensioners gives 35,68kipps per tensioner
4. Calculate the riser tension for each tensioner with this drilling mud if no
buoyancy modules were used.
59 slick risers is 59x14,000x0.86=710,360 lbs

59 buoyancy risers 59x400=23,600 lbs
Increase is 228,760-7,600= 688,000 lbs
Total pull would become 570,902 + 668,000=1,238,902lbs
Divided by 16 tebsioners =77.43 kipps per tensioner
This will create the situation that we cannot lose one tension cable or it will be
impossible to disconnect, most contractors would avoid such a situation!
5. Calculate the riser tension required to pull the complete BOP, using a over-
pull of 50,000 lbs and a standard slick riser landing joint.
Weight landing string :
Stack =310,000
LMRP =210,000
Slick risers 4x14,000x0.86 =48,160
Buoyancy risers 59x400 =23,600
Pup 7,500x0.86 =6,450
Slipjoint IB =6,000
Landing joint =14,000 +
Total string weight 646,210 lbs
Overpull 50,000 lbs
Required to pull with the tensioners 646,210+50,000= 696,210lbs

or 43.51 kipps per tensioner.
When 75,000 is left for the DSC then tension should be 621,210lbs
or 38.82 kipps per tensioner.
Problem 3:
Ram BOPs operating in deep water.
We use a Shaffer SL15M BOP in 7,800 ft of water
The mud weight is 12.8 p.p.g
The closing ratio of the Shaffer rams is 1: 10.85
What will be the set closing pressure for this Ram BOP?
What will be the set closing pressure if the mud weight is raised to 16.5 p.p.g.?
Pressure created by the mud column is hx(ρmud –ρfreshwater)xc

h=height in ft
ρ= specific gravity in p.p.g
ρ freshwater is 8.33 p.p.g
c= conversion factor 0.052
P=7,800 x (12.8-8.33) x 0.052

P=1,813.03 psi
To compensate the closing pressure of the rams should overcome this

pressure divided by the closing ratio 1,813.03: 10.85= 167 psi increase
of closing pressure for the rams
Increase to mud weight of 16.5 ppg
P={7800 x (16.5-8.33) x 0.052}/10.85=305 psi
Minimum Closing pressure subsea is =Closing pressure from ratio +
compensation for mud weight
With 12.8 mud this is 1,384+167=1,551psi

With 16.5 mud this is 1,384+305=1689psi
Problem 4:
The poorboy degasser has a mud seal of 11 ft
The ID of the vent line is 10 inch
The mud weight is 10.6 p.p.g.
At what pressure do we lose the mud seal?
If the mud weight is raised to 16.5 p.p.g, what will be the pressure that the mud
seal is lost?
Pressure in the pooboy is is hx(ρmud)xc
h=height in ft
ρ= specific gravity in p.p.g
c= conversion factor 0.052
Convert ft in inch is 12, convert gallon to cubic inch is 1/231 so total

conversion is 12/231=0.052
P1=10x10.6x0.052=5.5 psi
P2=10x16.5x0.052=8.58psi
Formulas:
Pressure mud column= h x ρ x c

H= height in ft
ρ = specific gravity in p.p.g
c=conversion factor 12:131=0.052
Surface circle= π/4 x D² or πR²

D=diameter, R= radius
Circumference circle = πx D
Weight of mud in riser in air=h x /4 x ID² x ρ mud x 0.052

h = height in ft
ID in inches
ppg=specific gravity mud in pounds per gallons
c= conversion factor 12:231=0.052
Weight of mud in sea water= h x π/4 x ID² x (ρ mud- ρ sea water) x 0.052
h = height in ft
ID in inches
ppg=specific gravity mud in pounds per gallons
ρsea water= 8.6
ρ fresh waterer=8.3
c= conversion factor 12:231=0.052
Buoyancy factor of marine riser= weight in air x 0.86
Compressibility calculation when pumping/compressing fluids :
ΔV= Vtx ΔP x c
ΔV= volume to pump (increase of volume)
Vt=total volume
ΔP= increased pressure
C= 0.000034 psi (compressibility factor of water)
Volume calculations:
To calculate the volume inside a pipe in bbls/ft:
(ID)² x length of pipe in ft give the total volume of bbls/ft
1029.4
1029.4 is the constant factor to get barrels, but fill in the ID in inches and the length in ft
Example:
3-1/8 inch ID kill line total length 4,500ft
(3.125)² x4500 =426.9 bbls

1029.4
If you want the (final) fluid amount in US gallons multiply the barrels with 42
If you want the (final) fluid amount in liters multiply the barrels with 159
For accumulator calculations

a) With a constant temperature :
P1xV1 =P2xV2=P3xV3
P1= pressure pre-charge

V1= volume accumulator – bladder or float
P2= Fully charged
V2= Volume fluid at fully charged and pre-charged condition

P3=Minimum remaining fluid pressure (normally closing ration Ram BOPs)
V3=Volume fluid at remaining fluid pressure
Usable volume V2-V3
Pressure of rams at closing ratio is maximum working pressure: closing ratio
b) With temperature changes (subsea)

P1xV1 =P2xV2=P3xV3
T1 T2 T3
P1= pressure pre-charge + hydrostatic head seawater

V1= volume accumulator – bladder or float
P2= Fully charged + hydrostatic head seawater
V2= Volume fluid at fully charged and pre-charged condition
P3=Minimum remaining fluid pressure + hydrostatic head seawater (normally closing ration
Ram BOPs)
V3=Volume fluid at remaining fluid pressure
Usable volume V2-V3
T1= absolute temperature on the rig at pre-charge
T2/T3=absolute temperature on the seabed
Absolute temperature is measured in degrees Kelvin (Kelvin = Degrees Celsius +273)
(0 degrees Kelvin is -273 degrees Celsius)


SSETP-03-14 Fuzzy Maths Explained 8th

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

SSETP-03-14 Fuzzy Maths Explained 8th

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SUBSEA ENGINEER TRAINING PROGRAMME

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Subsea Fuzzy Maths

5 ea 18-3/4-inch 15M Cameron type U-II Ram preventers

2 ea Hydril GX 10M annular preventers

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Total amount of fluid for the surface bottles is:

Total Fluid volume each accum. subsea is 19-8.5=10.5 US gallon

The pre-charge is performed on service and the fluid is charged

© ModuSpec Engineering (International) B.V. 2

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

3. Calculate the usable volume of the surface bottles.

4. Calculate the usable volume of the subsea bottles.

V2=1,851x19x277 =8.46 Total Fluid is 19-8.46=10.54 US gallon

V3= 1,851x19x277 =14.72 Useless Fluid is 19-14.72=4.28 US gallon

Usable volume subsea is V2-V3=6.26 US gallon

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Required fluid= 255.75 US gallon

Situation B: The remaining pressure should be equal or above the ram

API Spec 16 D section 4.2.4.3.1 says:

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

“The control fluid system reservoir usable capacity shall be at least

The volume of the mixture tank is large enough to comply to API:

© ModuSpec Engineering (International) B.V. 5

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Weight stack: 310,000 lbs (in water)

The length of the slip joint OB is 65 ft.

Calculate the amount of marine risers required for this well.

RKB-datum wellhead-fixed figure= 3,318-145.5 = 63.45 riser

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Length of each riser joint 50

We have no a .45 riser so we have to calculate what pup we need

In the compensator 75,000 lbs

On the tensioners 646,210- 125,000 =521,210 lbs

Pull after landing:

Total pull divided by 16=24.45 kipps per tensioner

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Inner barrel (27-2.5=24.5) 25.5ft (2.5 ft too high-IB is shorter!)

Weight mud air:

Weight mud seawater:

Mudweight added to the standard pull gives:

Divided by 16 tensioners gives 35,68kipps per tensioner

59 slick risers is 59x14,000x0.86=710,360 lbs

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Required to pull with the tensioners 646,210+50,000= 696,210lbs

Pressure created by the mud column is hx(ρmud –ρfreshwater)xc

P=7,800 x (12.8-8.33) x 0.052

To compensate the closing pressure of the rams should overcome this

With 12.8 mud this is 1,384+167=1,551psi

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Pressure in the pooboy is is hx(ρmud)xc

Convert ft in inch is 12, convert gallon to cubic inch is 1/231 so total

Pressure mud column= h x ρ x c

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

Surface circle= π/4 x D² or πR²

Weight of mud in riser in air=h x /4 x ID² x ρ mud x 0.052

Buoyancy factor of marine riser= weight in air x 0.86

Compressibility calculation when pumping/compressing fluids :

(3.125)² x4500 =426.9 bbls

For accumulator calculations

P1= pressure pre-charge

Unit 3.14 Fuzzy Maths Explained

V2= Volume fluid at fully charged and pre-charged condition