PRONOMES – QUESTÕES PARA CONCURSO

In relation to the use of demonstrative pronouns, judge the following item.

Come over here! Can you see these spots on my face? Don’t touch them, OK? The
doctor said they have to be removed

( ) certo

( ) errado

Based on the text, judge the following item.

The singular form of “These” (line 3) is either This or That.

( ) Certo

( ) Errado

Answer question according to TEXT 1 below, adapted

from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8606466.stm (accessed on April 7th, 2010)
.

TEXT 1

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At least 200 people have died in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro after another
storm. This is arguably the worst torrential rain for decades, causing flooding and
landslides. Our website readers in Rio de Janeiro have been sharing their experiences.

Comment 1 - I’ve never seen such chaos. We weren’t prepared for this, even though
we were warned that a big storm was about to come. Newspapers are saying that the
reason for the catastrophe is the garbage. Well it may have been. We need to teach
recycling at schools and community groups, otherwise we will have more disasters like
this. (Lia, Niterói)

Comment 2 - Today I witnessed Rio de Janeiro on the brink of collapse. I ventured out
around midday, just as the electric power blacked out in my neighbourhood. Three
hours later, looking out of my office window, the city still reminded me of a war zone.
“What´ve we done to deserve this?”, I thought. It’s night time now and I haven’t been
able to return home. I might do so tomorrow. (José, Rio)

Comment 3 - Worldwide, we are seeing more and more climate instability. The deserts
of central Asia are growing, while areas of the US (and now Rio) are drenched. The
lakes in Minnesota have never thawed this early, at any time in the recorded record.
The icecaps will be history, and islands around the world are disappearing under the
surf. The oceans are warming, the coral reefs are dying. How much more evidence do
we need of global warming? (João, Brasília)

Pelo menos 200 pessoas morreram no estado brasileiro do Rio de Janeiro após outra tempestade.

Esta é sem dúvida a pior chuva torrencial em décadas, causando inundações e deslizamentos de

terra. Os leitores do nosso site no Rio de Janeiro estão compartilhando suas experiências.

Comentário 1 - Eu nunca vi tamanho caos. Não estávamos preparados para isso, embora

tenhamos sido avisados de que uma grande tempestade estava por vir. Os jornais estão dizendo

que o motivo da catástrofe é o lixo. Bem, pode ter sido. Precisamos ensinar reciclagem em

escolas e grupos comunitários, senão teremos mais desastres como este. (Lia, Niterói)

Comentário 2 - Hoje testemunhei o Rio de Janeiro à beira do colapso. Aventurei-me a sair por

volta do meio-dia, no momento em que faltou energia elétrica na minha vizinhança. Três horas

depois, olhando pela janela do meu escritório, a cidade ainda me lembrava uma zona de guerra.

“O que fizemos para merecer isso?”, Pensei. Já é noite e não pude voltar para casa. Posso fazer

isso amanhã. (José, Rio)

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Comentário 3 - Em todo o mundo, vemos cada vez mais instabilidade climática. Os desertos da

Ásia Central estão crescendo, enquanto áreas dos Estados Unidos (e agora do Rio) estão

encharcadas. Os lagos em Minnesota nunca descongelaram tão cedo, em nenhum momento do

registro registrado. As calotas polares serão história e as ilhas ao redor do mundo estão

desaparecendo sob as ondas. Os oceanos estão esquentando, os recifes de coral estão morrendo.

De quantas evidências mais precisamos do aquecimento global? (João, Brasília)

The pronoun “this” in the excerpt “We weren’t prepared for this” refers back to:

a. 200 victims and reports

b. preparation and catastrophe

c. Light rain and experiences

d. flooding and landslides

a. 200 vítimas e relatórios

b. preparação e catástrofe

c. Chuva fraca e experiências

d. inundações e deslizamentos de terra

Read the sentence below, taken from the text, to answer question. “A
malnourished person finds that their body has difficulty doing normal things such as
growing and resisting disease." Choose the alternative that presents the plural form of
the demonstrative pronoun “that" in the sentence given above.

"Uma pessoa desnutrida descobre que seu corpo tem dificuldade para fazer coisas
normais, como crescer e resistir a doenças."

a. Those.

b. We.

c. Mine.

d. Than.

e. This.
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Analyze the sentence below.

“I meet a woman that can speak six languages.”

The relative pronoun “that” can be replaced by:

a. Which.

b. Who.

c. When.

d. Whose.

TEXT 

REFERS TO QUESTION

The Literary Influences of Superstar Musician David Bowie

BY JOHN O'CONNELL ON 10/31/19 AT 5:00 AM EDT

David Bowie was a pop star for most of his career from the 1960s until his death in
2016. He was known for his flamboyant style, songwriting and the ability to artistically
turn on a dime. But Bowie, who died of cancer at 69, was more than a multi-platinum
rock and roller. He was also one of the more literate composers in the business.

So much so, in fact, that in conjunction with a career retrospective in 2013 at the
Victoria & Albert Museum in London, Bowie issued a list of the one hundred books he
considered the most important and influential. British music columnist John O'Connell
linked this list to Bowie's prolific music. The result? A book called Bowie's Bookshelf
out this month from Gallery Books.

William S. Burroughs first made the link between Bowie's lyrics and T. S. Eliot's poetry.
In a Rolling Stone interview, Burroughs asked if Hunky Dory's "Eight Line Poem" had
been influenced by Eliot's "The Hollow Men." Bowie's reply: "Never read him." But
Bowie was definitely exposed to Eliot's influence. "Goodnight Ladies" on Transformer,
the album Bowie produced for Lou Reed in 1972, is a riff on the end of the second
section, "A Game of Chess," from Eliot's poem "The Waste Land." Eliot, for his part, is
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deliberately quoting Ophelia's "Good night, sweet ladies" speech from Hamlet. Eliot's
method established a new protocol for artistic theft—the modern poet in dialogue
with his or her predecessors. Bowie, too, was candid about how much he took from
other artists. "You can't steal from a thief," he said when LCD Soundsystem's James
Murphy admitted to stealing from Bowie's songs.

Avaiable in : https://www.newsweek.com/2019/11/15, accessed on February 20th,

2020. Adapted. 

As influências literárias do músico superstar David Bowie

POR JOHN O'CONNELL EM 31/10/19 ÀS 05:00 EDT
David Bowie foi uma estrela pop durante a maior parte de sua carreira, dos anos 1960 até sua morte em
2016. Ele era conhecido por seu estilo extravagante, composições e a habilidade de artisticamente girar
em uma moeda de dez centavos. Mas Bowie, que morreu de câncer aos 69 anos, era mais do que um
rock and roll multi-platinado. Ele também foi um dos compositores mais letrados do ramo.
Tanto que, de fato, em conjunto com uma retrospectiva de carreira em 2013 no Victoria & Albert
Museum, em Londres, Bowie divulgou uma lista dos cem livros que considerou os mais importantes e
influentes. O colunista musical britânico John O'Connell vinculou essa lista à prolífica música de Bowie.
O resultado? Um livro chamado Bowie's Bookshelf foi lançado este mês na Gallery Books.
William S. Burroughs primeiro fez a ligação entre as letras de Bowie e a poesia de T. S. Eliot. Em uma
entrevista à Rolling Stone, Burroughs perguntou se "Eight Line Poem" de Hunky Dory foi influenciado
por "The Hollow Men" de Eliot. Resposta de Bowie: "Nunca o leia." Mas Bowie foi definitivamente
exposto à influência de Eliot. "Goodnight Ladies" no Transformer, o álbum que Bowie produziu para Lou
Reed em 1972, é um riff no final da segunda seção, "A Game of Chess", do poema de Eliot "The Waste
Land". Eliot, por sua vez, está citando deliberadamente o discurso de Hamlet de Ophelia "Boa noite,
doces senhoras". O método de Eliot estabeleceu um novo protocolo para o roubo artístico - o poeta
moderno em diálogo com seus predecessores. Bowie também foi sincero sobre o quanto ele tirou de
outros artistas. "Você não pode roubar de um ladrão", disse ele quando James Murphy do LCD
Soundsystem admitiu ter roubado músicas de Bowie.

The word WHO in “But Bowie, who died of cancer at 69, was more than a multi-
platinum rock and roller” is:

a. a noun.

b. an adverb.

c. an article.

d. a pronoun.

e. a quantifier.

Text

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Operations management is important. It is concerned with creating the products and
services upon which we all depend. And creating products and services is the very
reason for any organization’s existence, whether that organization be large or small,
manufacturing or service, for profit or not profit. Thankfully, most companies have
now come to understand the importance of operations. This is because they have
realized that effective operations management gives the potential to improve
revenues and, at the same time, enables goods and services to be produced more
efficiently. It is this combination of higher revenues and lower costs which is
understandably important to any organization.

Operations management is also exciting. It is at the center of so many of the changes

affecting the business world – changes in customer preference, changes in supply
networks brought about by internet-based technologies, changes in what we want to
do at work, how we want to work, and so on. There has rarely been a time when
operations management was more topical or more at the heart of business and
cultural shifts.

Operations management is also challenging. Promoting the creativity which will allow

organizations to respond to so many changes is becoming the prime task of operations
managers. It is they who must find the solutions to technological and environmental
challenges, the pressures to be socially responsible, the increasing globalization of
markets and the difficult-to-define areas of knowledge management.

The underlined word in: “It is they who must find the solutions to technological and…”
is being used as a:

“São eles que devem encontrar as soluções tecnológicas e…”

a. relative pronoun.

b. personal pronoun.

c. indefinite pronoun.

d. possessive pronoun.

e. demonstrative pronoun.

Fair trade – but what’s in it for the world?

 The fair trade movement, which aims ensure that fair prices are paid to producers
in developing countries, is one of the true global success stories recent decades. The
International Fairtrade Certification Mark, a guarantee that producers are getting a fair
price, has become one of the most recognizable logos the world, which 91 percent of
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customers associate positive values. When the logo first appeared in the UK, the
country where the largest number of fair-trade products are sold, nobody expected
that the number of certified products would grow from only 3 to over 4,500 in just 18
years. In 2011, people around the world spent more than 6.5 billion US dollars on fair-
-trade certified goods, signifying a 12 percent increase in sales from the previous year.
This was at a time when most market segments in the developed world were still
shrinking or stagnating from the after effects of the 2008 banking crisis. Over 1.2
million farmers and workers living in 66 countries benefit from fair- -trade certification
by being able to sell their products at competitive prices, to ensure sustainability.

 Fair-trade initiatives have been growing steadily since the late 1960s, when the
fair trade movement started with only a handful of committed individuals in the West
who believed there was an alternative to the exploitation of farmers and workers in
the developing world. Fair trade ensures fair prices for suppliers, as well as payment of
a premium that can be reinvested in the local communities (for example, in schools or
sanitation) or in improving productivity. In India, for instance, a group of rice farmers
used the premium to buy farm machinery, which meant a 30 percent improvement in
production.

 As consumers look for, and recognize, the logo and purchase fair-trade products,
they put pressure on companies and governments to do more for global welfare. They
also put pressure on supermarkets to sell fair-trade goods at the same price as
conventional products, shifting the extra costs involved from consumers to the
corporations that collect the profits.

 Critics of the fair trade movement say it is still not doing enough. They stress that
the key to long-term development is not in small local improvements, but in moving
the developing world from the production of raw materials into processing them,
which can bring in greater profit. There are already some signs of this happening. A
group of tea growers in Kenya recently set up a processing factory to deliver the final
products directly to their customers in the West. By switching from the export of raw
tea to boxed fair-trade products, they achieved 500 percent higher profits.

 It is important to realize that, despite all of its benefits, the fair trade movement
has its limitations. Some of the poorest farmers can’t afford to pay the certification
fees required for each fair-trade initiative, while others work for big, multinational
employers that are excluded from participating. Fair trade is certainly a step in the
right direction, but there is a lot more we must continue to do in order to help people
in the world’s poorest regions.
The following words: ‘when’, ‘who’ and ‘which’ (paragraph 2), are classified as:

a. Personal pronouns.

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 b. Object pronouns.

c. Relative pronouns.

d. Possessive pronouns.

e. Interrogative pronouns.

Nazi labor camp guard living in New York deported

to Germany

By Sheena McKenzie, CNN Updated 2155 GMT (0555 HKT) August 21, 2018

             (CNN) A former Nazi labor camp guard who has been living in the United States
for decades has finally been deported to Germany after years of diplomatic wrangling,
the White House announced on Tuesday. Jakiw Palij, who worked as a guard at the
Trawniki Labor Camp, in what was then German-occupied Poland, had been living out
his post-war years in Queens, New York City.

            Palij, 95, was born in what was then-Poland and now Ukraine, and immigrated
to the US in 1949, becoming a citizen in 1957. The former Nazi guard lied to US
immigration officials about his role in World War II, saying he worked on a farm and in
a factory, the White House said in a statement. In 2001, Palij admitted to US
Department of Justice officials that he had in fact trained and worked at the Trawniki
Labor Camp in 1943. On November 3, 1943, around 6,000 Jewish prisoners at the camp
were shot to death in one of the single largest massacres of the Holocaust, according
to the White House statement.

        "By serving as an armed guard at the Trawniki Labor Camp and preventing the
escape of Jewish prisoners during his Nazi service, Palij played an indispensable role in
ensuring that the Trawniki Jewish victims met their horrific fate at the hands of the
Nazis," the White House added. In court filings, Palij has denied wrongdoing, claiming
that he and other young men in his Polish hometown were coerced into working for
the Nazi occupiers. In 2003, Palij's US citizenship was revoked. The following year, a
federal judge ordered that Palij be deported -- but none of the European countries to
which he could have been sent, would take him.

8
         […]Attorney General Jeff Sessions praised the work of the Justice Department's
best-known Nazi hunter, Eli Rosenbaum, and his team in successfully removing the
68th Nazi from the United States. Palij's case represents the closing of an era -- until
now he was the only remaining active case from the Nazi era pursued by the Justice
Department's Office of Human Rights and Special Prosecutions.

          The atrocities of the Trawniki camp, where Palij worked, aren't well known in
part because the killing was thorough, historians say. One document researchers
uncovered helped illustrate the extent of the killing. A soldier broke the butt of his
rifle, which meant he was required to file a report so the German SS would issue him a
new one. The report mentioned an operation that killed 4,000 people at Trawniki,
mostly Jews.

(CNN) Um ex-guarda do campo de trabalho nazista que vive nos Estados Unidos há décadas foi
finalmente deportado para a Alemanha após anos de disputas diplomáticas, anunciou a Casa
Branca na terça-feira. Jakiw Palij, que trabalhava como guarda no campo de trabalho de
Trawniki, no que era então a Polônia ocupada pelos alemães, tinha vivido seus anos de pós-
guerra no Queens, na cidade de Nova York.
Palij, de 95 anos, nasceu no que então era a Polônia e agora a Ucrânia, e imigrou para os
EUA em 1949, tornando-se cidadão em 1957. O ex-guarda nazista mentiu para funcionários da
imigração dos EUA sobre seu papel na Segunda Guerra Mundial, dizendo que trabalhava em
uma fazenda e em uma fábrica, a Casa Branca disse em um comunicado. Em 2001, Palij admitiu
para oficiais do Departamento de Justiça dos Estados Unidos que ele havia de fato treinado e
trabalhado no Campo de Trabalho de Trawniki em 1943. Em 3 de novembro de 1943, cerca de
6.000 prisioneiros judeus no campo foram mortos a tiros em um dos maiores massacres do
Holocausto, de acordo com o comunicado da Casa Branca.
"Ao servir como guarda armado no Campo de Trabalho de Trawniki e evitar a fuga de
prisioneiros judeus durante seu serviço nazista, Palij desempenhou um papel indispensável para
garantir que as vítimas judias de Trawniki encontrassem seu terrível destino nas mãos dos
nazistas", o White Casa adicionada. Em ações judiciais, Palij negou qualquer irregularidade,
alegando que ele e outros jovens em sua cidade natal polonesa foram coagidos a trabalhar para
os ocupantes nazistas. Em 2003, a cidadania americana de Palij foi revogada. No ano seguinte,
um juiz federal ordenou a deportação de Palij - mas nenhum dos países europeus para os quais
ele poderia ter sido enviado o levaria.
[…] O procurador-geral Jeff Sessions elogiou o trabalho do caçador de nazistas mais
conhecido do Departamento de Justiça, Eli Rosenbaum, e sua equipe na remoção bem-sucedida
do 68º nazista dos Estados Unidos. O caso de Palij representa o encerramento de uma era - até
agora ele era o único caso ativo remanescente da era nazista perseguido pelo Escritório de
Direitos Humanos e Processos Especiais do Departamento de Justiça.
As atrocidades do campo de Trawniki, onde Palij trabalhou, não são bem conhecidas em
parte porque a matança foi completa, dizem os historiadores. Um documento que os
pesquisadores descobriram ajudou a ilustrar a extensão da matança. Um soldado quebrou a
coronha de seu rifle, o que significava que ele deveria apresentar um relatório para que a SS
alemã lhe desse um novo. O relatório mencionou uma operação que matou 4.000 pessoas em
Trawniki, a maioria judeus.

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Available at: <https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/21/politics/nazijakiw-palij-deported-
germany-intl/index.html>.

The element he in the paragraph before the last refers to

a. Palij.

b. Rosenbaum.

c. Sessions.

d. The Justice Department.

QUESTÃO: São Paulo, the largest city in Brazil, has many touristic attractions,
including museums of art _________ visitors from the entire country all year
round.

a. Attract to

b. That attract

c. Which attracts

d. Where attract

e. Where attraction

Analyze the following sentence from the text:

Children entering “grammar school” in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth

centuries in England were initially given a rigorous introduction to Latin
grammar, which was taught through rote learning of grammar rules, study of
declensions and conjugations, translation, and practice in writing sample sentences,
sometimes with the use of parallel bilingual texts and dialogue (Kelly 1969; Howatt
1984).

As crianças que ingressaram na "escola secundária" nos séculos dezesseis, dezessete e

dezoito na Inglaterra receberam inicialmente uma introdução rigorosa à gramática
latina, que era ensinada por meio da aprendizagem mecânica das regras gramaticais,
estudo de declinações e conjugações, tradução e prática na escrita de amostra frases, às
vezes com o uso de textos bilíngues paralelos e diálogo (Kelly 1969; Howatt 1984).

10
In this example, the word “which” is a relative pronoun. It links a noun phrase to a
relative clause. Choose the following alternative that presents the noun phrase linked
by “which” to a relative clause.

A. Children

B. England

C. Grammar school

D. Latin grammar

Para responder à questão, considere o texto a seguir: 

On September 5th, 2011, Alexandra Elbakyan, a researcher from Kazakhstan, created

Sci-Hub, a website that bypasses journal paywalls, illegally providing access
to nearly every scientific paper ever published immediately to anyone who wants it.
The website works in two stages, firstly by attempting to download a copy from the
LibGen database of pirated content, which opened its doors to academic papers in
2012 and now contains over 48 million scientific papers. The ingenious part of the
system is that if LibGen does not already have a copy of the paper, Sci-hub bypasses
the journal paywall in real time by using access keys donated by academics lucky
enough to study at institutions with an adequate range of subscriptions. This allows
Sci-Hub to route the user straight to the paper through publishers such as JSTOR,
Springer, Sage, and Elsevier. After delivering the paper to the user within seconds, Sci-
Hub donates a copy of the paper to LibGen for good measure, where it will be stored
forever, accessible by everyone and anyone. 

Em 5 de setembro de 2011, Alexandra Elbakyan, uma pesquisadora do Cazaquistão, criou o Sci-

Hub, um site que contorna o acesso pago aos jornais, fornecendo acesso ilegal a quase todos os
artigos científicos já publicados imediatamente para quem quiser. O site funciona em duas
etapas, primeiro tentando baixar uma cópia da base de dados LibGen de conteúdo pirateado, que
abriu suas portas para trabalhos acadêmicos em 2012 e agora contém mais de 48 milhões de
trabalhos científicos. A parte engenhosa do sistema é que, se a LibGen ainda não tiver uma
cópia do artigo, o Sci-hub contorna o acesso pago do jornal em tempo real usando chaves de
acesso doadas por acadêmicos sortudos o suficiente para estudar em instituições com uma gama
adequada de assinaturas. Isso permite que o Sci-Hub encaminhe o usuário diretamente para o
jornal por meio de editoras como JSTOR, Springer, Sage e Elsevier. Depois de entregar o papel
ao usuário em segundos, Sci-Hub doa uma cópia do papel para LibGen para uma boa medida,
onde ficará armazenado para sempre, acessível por todos e qualquer pessoa.

O pronome it, na 2a linha do texto, refere-se a

11
 A. scientific paper.

B. journal paywalls.

C. anyone.

D. researcher.

E. website.

Choose the best alternative to complete the sentence.

“The girls climbed that tree _____.”

A. by herself

B. it

C. by themselves

D. themselfs

QUESTÃO: Choose the best dialogue completion:

I don't remember ____________ about the accident.

A. Everything

B. Something

C. Anything

D. Nothing

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