1

1 A small kettle has a potential difference (p.d.) of 12 V (d.c.) across its heating element. The current
in the heating element is 2.5 A.

Calculate the resistance of the heating element.

resistance of the heating element = ..............................................Ω [3]

[Total: 3]

2 A student determines the resistance of a piece of metal wire XY.

The diagram shows the wire connected in the circuit.

There is a current in the wire XY. State the name of the particles that flow through the wire.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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3 A student determines the resistance of a piece of metal wire XY.

The diagram shows the wire connected in the circuit.

The student measures the potential difference (p.d.) across the wire XY.
On the diagram show the voltmeter correctly connected. Use the correct symbol.
[1]

[Total: 1]
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4 A student determines the resistance of a piece of metal wire XY.

The diagram shows the wire connected in the circuit.

The student removes wire XY and replaces it with another wire CD. Wire CD is the same length
and is made of the same material as wire XY, but thinner.

State any difference between the current in wire CD and the current in wire XY. Explain your answer.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

5 An electric circuit contains a battery.

State the unit used for the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

6 A student investigates the electrical resistance of some components.

The diagram shows the circuit used by the student. It is an incomplete diagram.
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(a) State the term used for component Y.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The student uses the circuit to measure the resistance of component Y.

Complete the diagram by adding electrical symbols to show an ammeter and a voltmeter
correctly connected to determine the resistance of component Y.
[3]

[Total: 4]

7 The p.d. across a lamp is 3.0 V and the current in it is 0.15 A.

Calculate the resistance of the lamp. Include the unit in your answer.

resistance of lamp = ..................... unit.....................

[4]

[Total: 4]

8 The power supply used in an electric vehicle contains 990 rechargeable cells each of electromotive
force (e.m.f.) 1.2 V.

The cells are contained in packs in which all the cells are in series with each other. The e.m.f. of
each pack is 54 V.

Calculate the number of packs in the power supply.

number of packs = .............................................. [2]

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[Total: 2]

9 There is a current of 0.29 A in an electrical circuit.

Calculate the time taken for a charge of 15 C to flow through the electrical circuit.

time = .............................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

10 A light-emitting diode (LED) is a diode that emits light when there is a current in it.

The p.d. across a LED when lit is 3.1 V and the current in the LED is 0.030 A.

Calculate the value of the resistance of the LED when lit.

resistance = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

11 There is a current of 3.0 A in a copper wire. Calculate how many electrons pass through the copper
–19
wire every 60 s. The charge on an electron is 1.6 × 10 C.

number of electrons = .............................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

12 The power supply used in an electric vehicle contains 990 rechargeable cells.

The cells are contained in packs. The e.m.f. of each pack is 54 V.

The packs are connected in parallel to supply a large current to drive the electric vehicle.

Explain why it is necessary to use thick wires to carry this current.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]
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[Total: 3]

13 The diagram shows an arrangement for making an electromagnet.

The switch is closed. The reading on the ammeter is 1.5 A.

Calculate the resistance of the circuit.

resistance = ..............................................Ω [3]

[Total: 3]

14 A wire of length 2.0 m and cross-sectional area 0.40 mm2 has a resistance of 0.14 Ω.

Calculate the resistance of another wire of the same material of length 3.0 m and cross-sectional
2
area 0.90 mm .

resistance = ..............................................Ω [4]

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[Total: 4]

15 State what is meant by electromotive force(e.m.f.).

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

16 When fully charged, a 1.2 V rechargeable battery can deliver a current of 210 mA for 10 hours.

(a) Calculate the charge that can be delivered by the fully charged battery.

charge = .............................................. [3]

(b) Calculate the energy stored in the battery when fully charged.

energy stored = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 5]

17 The diagram shows the current-potential difference graphs for a resistor and for a lamp.
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(a) The potential difference (p.d.) applied to the resistor is increased. Tick the box that indicates
the effect on the resistance of the resistor.

resistance increases

resistance is constant

resistance decreases
[1]

(b) The potential difference (p.d.) applied to the lamp is increased. Tick the box that indicates the
effect on the resistance of the lamp.

resistance increases

resistance is constant

resistance decreases
[1]

[Total: 2]

18 The diagram shows current-potential difference graphs for a resistor and for a lamp.
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(a) The p.d. across the lamp is 6.0 V. Calculate the resistance of the lamp.

resistance = .............................................. [2]

(b) The lamp and the resistor are connected in parallel to a 6.0 V supply.

Calculate the current from the supply.

current = .............................................. [2]

(c) The lamp and the resistor are connected in series to another power supply. The current in the
circuit is 4.0 A.

Calculate the total p.d. across the lamp and the resistor.

p.d. = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 6]
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19 A student investigates how the resistance of a thermistor changes with temperature. The figure
shows the circuit that the student uses.

The student varies the temperature of the thermistor and records the ammeter readings. The results
are shown in the table below.

temperature of thermistor / °C 0 10 20 30 40 50

current in thermistor / mA 1.0 2.0 4.0 7.5 14.0 24.5

The potential difference (p.d.) across the thermistor is 6.0 V at 20 °C.

Calculate the resistance of the thermistor at 20 °C. Include the unit.

resistance = ....................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]
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20 A defibrillator is a machine that sends an electrical charge through the heart of a patient whose
heart is not beating correctly. Doctors learn to use a defibrillator by practising on a medical dummy.

The diagram shows the two contacts of a defibrillator attached to a medical dummy.

–3 –4
The defibrillator passes a charge of 9.1 × 10 C through the medical dummy in 6.5 × 10 s.

Calculate the average current in the dummy.

current = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 2]