Applications of NLM

Newton’s Laws 7
of Motion
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Applications of NLM
Newton’s Laws 7
of Motion
Applications of NLM
Block of mass ‘M’ is attached with Non–ideal string of mass ‘m’.
Find Tension at (i) point A (ii) point B (midpoint of string).

A. Mg, (M + m/2)g
B. (M + m/2)g, Mg
C. Mg, m/2 g B
D. None of these
A

M
Solution:

Tension at point A :
TA
+ B
Applying Newton’s 2nd law A
M
F = Ma –
Mg
⇒ TA – Mg = M(0) = 0

(acceleration of block = 0)

So, TA = Mg
Solution:
+ B T
Tension at point B :
Applying Newton’s 2nd law –
⇒ TB – (M + m/2)g = M(0) = 0
(acceleration of block = 0)
⇒ TB = (M + m/2)g
Tension at different point of
string will be different
➔Let's consider block & string
A B below point B as the body
M
➔Weight on the body will be
(M +m/2)g, vertically
Mg
downwards
➔As mass of string below
➔point B will be m/2.
➔So total mass of body will be
M + m/2.
Find the Tension at midpoint of uniform rope. (mass of rope = m)

F
M m
Solution:
Lets first, find acceleration of system. To find acceleration,
take block and whole of rope as a system.

Mass of system =M+m

m
Force on system = F M F

Force on system
∴ Acceleration of System =
Mass of system

F
a=
M+m
Solution:

➔To find tension at midpoint, take block midpoint of rope

m
and half of rope as a system M T
➔Tension will be along the string and
a
away from system, i.e. on right side
here. Applying Newton’s 2nd law on this
system.
Uniform rope means mass of rope is
uniformly distributed, So, mass of half of
rope will be m/2. So, mass of this system
= M + m/2
m
T = M+ a
2

m F
T =M+ 2
M+m
Find the acceleration of masses m1 & m2

• m1

m2
 •

• m1

m2
Solution:

Apply Newton’s 2nd law for pulley B. •

F = ma
⇒ T + T – T′ = (0) a
[Mass of pulley is zero] T T
T

⇒ 2T – T′ = 0 • m1
T’
⇒ 2T = T′
T’

m2
Solution:

Applying short trick A•

T T T
→ →
∑ T. a =0 ⇒ Ta1 – 2Ta2 = 0 ⇒ Ta1 = 2Ta2 •B
m1 a1
–
+ ⇒ a1 = 2a2 …(i) 2T
m 1g
m2
Apply Newton’s 2nd law on m2 +
m2g
– m2g – 2T = m2a2 … (ii)
Apply Newton’s 2nd law on m1

T – m1g = m1a1 … (iii)

Solution:

⇒ a1 = 2a2 …(i)
m2g – 2T = m2a2 … (ii)
T – m1g = m1a1 … (iii)
T – m1g = 2m1a2
2T – 2m1g = 4m1a2 …(iv)
Solution:

m2g – 2T = m2a2 … (ii) As a1 = 2a2

2T – 2m1g = 4m1a2 ……(4) a = 2(m2 – 2m1)g

1
4m1 + m2
m2g – 2m1g = 4m1a2 + m2a2

(m2 – 2m1)g
a2 =
4m1 + m2
A man of mass M1 starts climbing the rope that goes over ideal pulley & supports
a block of mass M2 such that block is always at the same level as man.
M1
Find the ratio of
M2
A. 1
B. 2
C. 1/2
D. None of these

M1
Solution:

Applying Newton’s 2nd law on M2 •

T
T – M 2g = M2a + T +
⇒ T = M 2g + M2a a M a
1 M2
T
⇒ T = M2(g + a)
⇒ M = T …(1 –
M1g M2g
–
2 g+a
)
As man always
Applying Newton’s 2nd law on M1
observes block
T – M1g = M1a at the same level
⇒ T = M1g + M1a as him, both will
⇒ T = M1(g + a) have same
T acceleration
⇒ M1 = g + a …(2)
Solution:

T
⇒ M2 = g + a …(1)

⇒ M1 = gT+ a …(2)

From eq. (1) and (2)

M1 = M 2
M1
So, =1
M2
It is observed, a trolley of mass m, moves with a velocity V=2t as
shown. Find the force acting on the trolley (where, t represents time).
A. 2m
B. 3m
C. 4m
D. 8m
V = 2t
m
Solution:

We know
F = m dv + v dm
dt dt V = 2t
m
As mass trolley m = constant
∴ F = m dv
dt
Magnitude of force
d(2t)
F = m dv = m
dt dt
∴ F = 2m
 →
A trolley of mass ‘m’ is going with constant velocity v . Due to rain, water is getting
collected at rate r kg/s in the trolley. Find Force applied on the trolley.

→
v
Solution:
dm
F = m dv + v
dt dt →
dv = 0 v
As v = constant,
dt
dm
∴ F = v
dt
dm Rate of change of mass of
As =
dt Trolley = r (given)

∴ F =v r
In arrangement shown in figure, the ends A and B of an inextensible string
move downwards with uniform speed u. Pulleys A and B are fixed. Find
the speed with which the mass M moves upwards.

A. u tanθ
B. u cosθ
C. u secθ • •

D. u sinθ
θ

u
u
Solution:

➔As the length of the string during

.
motion remains constant v
(inextensible string), we can state • •

that velocity components of all the θ

points on a string along length of
string must remains same. m
➔As block is going up with speed v.
Speed of point P will be v upward.
u
And its component along segment u
PR/PQ will be v cos θ

∴ v cos θ =u
u = u sec θ
⇒v =
cosθ
If acceleration of ‘B’ is ‘a’ downwards, what will be the
acceleration of A ?
A. a cosθ
B B
B. a cotθ
C. a cosecθ a
D. a sinθ A
θ
Solution:

As given B is accelerating downwards

with an acceleration a. Let acceleration
of A is aA leftwards.

aA sin θ = a cos θ
aA
B
⇒ aA = a cot θ
θ

A θ
Figure shows a hemisphere and a supported rod. Hemisphere is moving in right
direction with a uniform velocity v2 and end of rod which is in contact with
ground is moving in left direction with velocity v1. Find the rate at which angle θ
is changing in terms of v1, v2, R and θ.

v1 v2
θ
v1 v2
θ
Solution:
➔ First of all let us find θ In terms of given quantities.
➔ Let x is distance between points A and B
➔ Rate of change of x will be equal to v1 + v2
➔ x will depend on both v1 and v2
dx = v1 + v 2
dt
d R cosecθ R
= v1 + v 2 v1 θ v2
dt x
d cosecθ
R = v1 + v 2
dt
Applying chain law

d cosec θ dθ
R = v1 + v 2
dθ dt
Solution:

R D cosec θ dθ = v1 + v 2
dθ dt
R
dθ = v1 + v 2 θ v2
R (–cosec θ. cot θ) v1
dt x

dθ –(v1 + v2) (negative sign signifies q will decrease with time)

=
dt R (cosec θ. cot θ)
In the system shown in figure , if wedge A is displaced towards right at
acceleration 1 m/s2. Find acceleration of block B w.r.t. ground ?

A. √3 m/s2
B. √5 m/s2
C. √7 m/s2
D. 2 m/s2
XA
XA

XA

A aA = 1m/s2
600
➔As wedge A is displaced by xA right
wards, so WITH RESPECT TO wedge
A point O, P will appear to be
displaced by xA left wards
➔Points O, P will appear to be
displaced by xA away from centre of
their respective segments so
contribution to elongation will be +
xA for each point.
➔Let block B is displaced
upwards(along the incline) with xBA
(relative to wedge A), so point Q will
displaced upwards with Xba
➔As point Q is displaced towards
centre of its segment so contribution
to elongation will be – xBA.
Constrained relationship : →
aBA
+ xA + xA –xBA = 0
600 →
xBA = 2xA aAG
vBA = 2vA
aBA = 2aA = 2´ 1 = 2 m/s2

Acceleration of B with respect to Ground

aBG = aBA + aAG

aBG = √ (2)
2 + (1)2 + 2 (2) (1) cos 60
= √7 m/s2
In the system shown in figure, the block A is pulled towards right at a
constant speed of 1 m/s. Find speed of block B w.r.t. ground.

A. 8 m/s

•
B. √37 m/s
C. √23 m/s

•
D. 6 m/s

•
A B

•
VA = 1m/s

•
 X
•

•
X
X

•
B
•

X
A

•
X
•

X X
Solution:

Velocity of B with respect to A

➔As wedge A is displaced by x1 right wards, so with the

respect to wedge A point N, O, P, Q, R, S will appear
to displaced by x1 left wards (relative to wedge A)
➔Points N, O, P, Q, R, S will appear to displaced by x1
away from centre of their respective segments so
contribution to elongation will be + x1 for each point
➔As point M is displaced towards centre of its segment
so contribution to elongation will be – x2.
➔Let block B is displaced upwards with x2. So point M
will displaced upwards with x2
Solution:

Velocity of B with respect to A

x1 N
x
x1 • •2
O
x1 P •
M
x1 •
B
Q x1
x1 R •

x1 • VA = 1m/s
A
S
Solution:

Velocity of B with respect to A Velocity of B with respect to Ground

→ VBG = VBA + VAG

VBA ∴ |VBG| = √(6)2 + (1)2
x1 N
x
x1 • •2 900
O → =
x1 P •
M VAG √37 m/s
x1 •
B
Q x1
x1 R •

x1 • VA = 1m/s
A
S

Constrained relationship :
+ 6 x1 – x2 = 0⇒ 6 x1 = x2⇒ 6 v1 = v2
∴ VBA = 6 VA = 6 × 1 = 6 m/s
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INSTALL
 11th / 9, 10

12th / Drop

NAMO

NAMOLIVE
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