BOSSA is a flash programming utility for Atmel's SAM family of flash-based ARM microcontrollers.

  The
motivation behind BOSSA is to create a simple, easy-to-use, open source utility to replace Atmel's
SAM-BA software.  BOSSA is an acronym for Basic Open Source SAM-BA Application to reflect that
goal.  What's wrong with using SAM-BA?  Well, there are several reasons to consider an alternative.

The first reason is complexity.  SAM-BA tries to be the Swiss army knife of utilities by programming all
kinds of memories and external devices attached to a SAM microcontroller.  Because of this, SAM-BA's
interface can be confusing and intimidating for someone getting started with microcontrollers or for
someone not well versed in hardware.  BOSSA strives to provide a simple interface with just the basic
functionality necessary to program the SAM device's internal flash memory.

The second reason is expandability.  SAM-BA ships with support for all of Atmel's evaluation kits but
does not provide generic configurations for other boards.  It is a complex task with little
documentation to modify SAM-BA to support custom boards.  Sometimes, one can get away with
using one of the evaluation kit configurations if it is similar to a custom board but other times not
since custom external devices could cause a conflict.  BOSSA is focused solely on programming the
flash inside of the SAM device and so is independent of the board's external devices.  So long as one
develops a custom board with a crystal and I/O connections capable of communicating with SAM-BA,
BOSSA can reliably program the flash without having to worry about external device conflicts.

The third reason is reliability.  SAM-BA is a complex application built on top of a TCL/TK scripting
engine.  It works fairly well under Windows XP but there are a lot of reports of crashing or locking up
on Windows Vista and Windows 7.  It also doesn't run well with 64-bit versions of Windows.  BOSSA
by contrast is a native application and runs reliably in all versions of Windows from Windows 2000 on
up for both 32-bit and 64-bit versions.

The fourth reason is portability.  SAM-BA is available only for Windows and Linux but not for any other
platforms.  BOSSA leverages the wxWidgets cross-platform framework and thus is easily ported to any
of the numerous platforms available for wxWidgets.  Versions of BOSSA are available for Windows,
Linux, and Mac.

The last reason is size.  A default installation of the 2.10 version of SAM-BA consumes 76MB of
storage space across 2,037 files.  BOSSA is a single, self-contained executable that is a couple of MB
in size.  BOSSA also does not need to be installed into the operating system so you can freely copy
and run it without having to worry about an installer.
BOSSA communicates with the SAM-BA boot loader running on the SAM device via either a RS-232
port connected to the SAM device's debug serial port or for SAM devices that support USB, over a USB
CDC virtual serial port.

BOSSA supports all of Atmel's known flash-based SAM devices but some specific devices and device
families have not been tested.  The matrix below shows the current level of testing.

  16K 32K 64K 128K 256K 512K

SAM3S - - F F T -
SAM3U - - F F T -
SAM3N - - F F T -
SAM7S F F F F T T
SAM7SE - F - - T T
SAM7X - - - F F F
SAM7XC - - - F T F
SAM7L - - S S - -
SAM9XE - - - S S S

Letter Meaning
- No such device
S Supported but not tested
F Family tested but not device
T Device fully tested

You can help make BOSSA better either by reporting results for untested devices or by donating
hardware to help us test them.  A big thanks to Atmel for generously providing evaluation boards to
test on for the SAM3S and SAM3U.

BOSSA Command Line

BOSSA is also available in a command line version that enables one to quickly program devices from
the command line or to integrate BOSSA into automated scripts.  The help for BOSSA command line is
shown below.

$ bossac -h
Usage: bossac.exe [OPTION...] [FILE]
Basic Open Source SAM-BA Application (BOSSA) Version 1.2
Flash programmer for Atmel SAM devices.
Copyright (c) 2011 ShumaTech (http://www.shumatech.com)

Examples:
bossac -e -w -v -b image.bin # Erase flash, write flash with image.bin,
# verify the write, and set boot from flash
bossac -r0x10000 image.bin # Read 64KB from flash and store in image.bin

Options:
-e, --erase erase the entire flash
-w, --write write FILE to the flash; accelerated when
combined with erase option
-r, --read[=SIZE] read SIZE from flash and store in FILE;
 read entire flash if SIZE not specified
-v, --verify verify FILE matches flash contents
-p, --port=PORT use serial PORT to communicate to device;
default behavior is to auto-scan all serial ports
-b, --boot[=BOOL] boot from ROM if BOOL is 0;
boot from FLASH if BOOL is 1 [default];
option is ignored on unsupported devices
-c, --bod[=BOOL] no brownout detection if BOOL is 0;
brownout detection is on if BOOL is 1 [default]
-t, --bor[=BOOL] no brownout reset if BOOL is 0;
brownout reset is on if BOOL is 1 [default]
-l, --lock[=REGION] lock the flash REGION as a comma-separated list;
lock all if not given [default]
-u, --unlock[=REGION] unlock the flash REGION as a comma-separated list;
unlock all if not given [default]
-s, --security set the flash security flag
-i, --info display device information
-d, --debug print debug messages
-h, --help display this help text

BOSSA Shell
BOSSA also comes as an interactive shell which, in addition to flash programming, comes with a
number of simple diagnostic operations such as memory reading and writing, PIO line manipulation,
and ARM disassembly.  The shell is built on top of the GNU readline library so it has the familiar line
editing and history operations familiar to users of Unix command shells.  A list of the supported
commands is shown below.

bod -- Change the brownout detect flag.

bootf -- Change the boot to flash flag.
bor -- Change the brownout reset flag.
connect -- Connect to device over serial port.
debug -- Change the debug state.
disass -- Disassemble ARM code at memory address.
dump -- Dump memory in hexadecimal and ascii.
erase -- Erase the entire flash.
exit -- Exit the BOSSA shell.
go -- Execute ARM code at address.
help -- Display help for a command.
history -- List the command history.
lock -- Set lock bits in the flash.
info -- Display information about the flash.
mrb -- Read bytes from memory.
mrf -- Read memory to file.
mrw -- Read words from memory.
mwb -- Write bytes to memory.
mwf -- Write memory from file.
mww -- Write words to memory.
pio -- Parallel input/output operations.
read -- Read flash into a binary file.
scan -- Scan all serial ports for a device.
security -- Enable the security flag.
verify -- Verify binary file with the flash.
write -- Write binary file into flash.

To give you a feel for what BOSSA shell can do, the example session below demonstrates connecting
to a SAM3S device and executing a few of the available commands.

$ bossash
Press Ctrl-D or enter "exit" to end session.
Enter "help" to display a command list.
bossa> scan
Checking port COM1...
Checking port COM3...
Connected to device on COM3
bossa> info
Device       : ATSAM3S4
Chip ID      : 28a00960
Version      : v1.4 Jul 21 2009 11:30:50
Address      : 4194304
Pages        : 1024
Page Size    : 256 bytes
Total Size   : 256KB
Planes       : 1
Lock Regions : 16
Locked       : none
Security     : false
Boot Flash   : false
bossa> dump 0x800080 0x40
            0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f
00800080 | a4 0f 00 00 c4 0f 00 00 10 3a 24 bf 78 c8 78 c1 | .........:$.x.x.
00800090 | fa d8 52 07 24 bf 30 c8 30 c1 44 bf 04 68 0c 60 | ..R.$.0.0.D..h.`
008000a0 | 70 47 00 00 00 23 00 24 00 25 00 26 10 3a 28 bf | pG...#.$.%.&.:(.
008000b0 | 78 c1 fb d8 52 07 28 bf 30 c1 48 bf 0b 60 70 47 | x...R.(.0.H..`pG
bossa> disass 0x800080 0x40
  800080:       00000fa4        andeq   r0, r0, r4, lsr #31
  800084:       00000fc4        andeq   r0, r0, r4, asr #31
  800088:       bf243a10        svclt   0x00243a10
  80008c:       c178c878        cmngt   r8, r8, ror r8
  800090:       0752d8fa        smmlsreq        r2, sl, r8, sp
  800094:       c830bf24        ldmdagt r0!, {r2, r5, r8, r9, sl, fp, ip, sp, pc}
  800098:       bf44c130        svclt   0x0044c130
  80009c:       600c6804        andvs   r6, ip, r4, lsl #16
  8000a0:       00004770        andeq   r4, r0, r0, ror r7
  8000a4:       24002300        strcs   r2, [r0], #-768 ; 0x300
  8000a8:       26002500        strcs   r2, [r0], -r0, lsl #10
  8000ac:       bf283a10        svclt   0x00283a10
  8000b0:       d8fbc178        ldmle   fp!, {r3, r4, r5, r6, r8, lr, pc}^
  8000b4:       bf280752        svclt   0x00280752
  8000b8:       bf48c130        svclt   0x0048c130
  8000bc:       4770600b        ldrbmi  r6, [r0, -fp]!
bossa> pio pb status
                3      2 2      1 1
                1      4 3      6 5      8 7      0
PIO Mode      : EEEEEEEE EEEEEEEE EEEEEEEE EEEEEEEE
Direction     : IIIIIIII IIIIIIII IIIIIIII IIIIIIII
Input Level   : LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL
Output Level  : LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL
Multi-Drive   : DDDDDDDD DDDDDDDD DDDDDDDD DDDDDDDD
Pull-Up       : EEEEEEEE EEEEEEEE EEEEEEEE EEEEEEEE
Peripheral    : AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA
bossa> pio pb0 high
bossa> pio pb0 status
PIO Mode      : enable
Direction     : output
Input Level   : low
Output Level  : high
Multi-Drive   : disable
Pull-Up       : enable
Peripheral    : A
bossa> exit

Installation
To install BOSSA, download the installation file below that is appropriate for your system.
Windows
It is recommended that you download the Windows installer because it will create a Start menu group
and install a USB CDC driver for your SAM devices that is compatible with BOSSA.  Make sure to only
download the 64-bit version of the installer if you are running on a 64-bit version of Windows.  You
can optionally download the executable versions of BOSSA if you are sure you already have a USB
CDC driver installed by Atmel's SAM-BA or other software.

If you are using Windows 7, then your SAM devices may be detected as "GPS Camera Detect" ports
but will otherwise work fine with BOSSA.  Note that on Windows XP, Atmel's SAM-BA software installs
a proprietary USB driver.  You must use the CDC version of SAM-BA after installing BOSSA because it
will replace the proprietary USB driver with a USB CDC driver.

Example of using BOSSAC.EXE programming Arduino DUE:

所需的软件和工具：

1. Arduino DUE 开发板

2. Atmel Studio（http://www.atmel.com/microsite/atmel-studio/）

3. Arduino 1.6.0（https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/OldSoftwareReleases）

我们特别需要这个版本来编程 Arduino Due。 这将简化很多事情。 它包括一个 bossac 编程器，需要

改工具才能将代码下载到 Arduino DUE 开发板。

配置 Atmel Studio 开发环境

1. 创建一个名为“DueProgrammer.bat”的 MS Dos 批处理文件，并将其保存在 Arduino 安装路径中。

为此，请打开任何文本编辑器（记事本）并输入以下代码：

mode %1:1200,n,8,1,p

“C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\bossac.exe” –port=%1 -i -e -w -v -b %2 -R

复制代码

说明：

mode：Dos 命令来切换串口模式。这是进入编程模式所必需的。

-port：用于编程的 COM 端口。 ％1 是传递给批处理文件的参数

-i：在编程期间显示设备信息

-e：擦除器件上的整个 Flash 内容

-w：将给定文件写入闪存。文件名作为参数传递到批处理文件（％2）
-v：写入后验证

-b：从闪存引导

-R：复位 CPU

bossac.exe：BOSSA 是 Atmel 的 SAM 微控制器的微控制器闪存编程软件。名称 BOSSA 是

BasicOpenSourceSAM-BAApplication 的缩写。软件的主页可以在这里找到。

2. 打开 Atmel Studio，然后单击 Tools>External Tools。 我们将这个批处理文件添加为外部工具，并

告诉 Atmel Studio 将必需的参数传递给此批处理文件。

3. 单击 Add，添加一个新的外部工具，并提供以下信息：

Title:

Due Programmer

Command:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\DueProgrammer.bat

注意：如果使用不同的路径，请提供相同的路径。

Arguments:

COM3 $(TargetDir)$(TargetName).bin

说明：以 COM3 为例，你需要提供正确的端口。 要找到 DUE 开发板的确切 COM 端口，将 micro

USB 线缆连接到 DUE 开发板的“NATIVE USB - > SAM3X”接口，并将 USB 电缆的另一端插入您的 电
脑中任何未使用的 USB 端口。 检查设备管理器的 COM 端口号。

提示：如果您将同一 Arduino Due 开发板连接到计算机的同一 USB 端口，则 COM 端口号将始终相同！

Initial Directory:

$(TargetDir)

勾选复选框“Use Output Window”

你可以参考下面的截图：

4. 单击“OK”，然后单击“YES”以保存所做的更改。

现在你会在 Tools 菜单下发现新的外部编程器工具，叫做“Due Programmer”。

下载代码
1. 构建您的解决方案（按 F7）

2. 确保 USB 电缆已连接到 Arduino DUE 开发板的 Native USB 端口（请参阅下图），并且为工具

Arguments 指定的 COM 端口值正确。

3. 按住 Due 开发板上的 ERASE 按钮两秒钟，然后松开。 之后按下 RESET 按钮。 这将擦除 MCU 并

激活 BOSSA 编程端口。

4. 要编程 Arduino DUE 开发板，单击 Tools>Due Programmer

它应该会开始编程。 输出窗口将显示类似如下所示的日志：

F:\Source_Atmel_SAM\Blink-atmel-studio\GETTING-STARTED3\GETTING-STARTED3\
Debug>mode COM3:1200,n,8,1,p

Status for device COM3:

———————–

Baud: 115200

Parity: None

Data Bits: 8

Stop Bits: 1

Timeout: OFF

XON/XOFF: OFF

CTS handshaking: ON

DSR handshaking: ON

DSR sensitivity: OFF

DTR circuit: HANDSHAKE

RTS circuit: HANDSHAKEF:\Source_Atmel_SAM\Blink-atmel-studio\GETTING-STARTED3\

GETTING-STARTED3\Debug>”C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\hardware\tools\bossac.exe” –
port=COM3 -i -e -w -v -b “F:\Source_Atmel_SAM\Blink-atmel-studio\GETTING-STARTED3\
GETTING-STARTED3\Debug\GETTING-STARTED3.bin” -R

Erase flash
Write 19204 bytes to flash[ ] 0% (0/76 pages)

[=== ] 13% (10/76 pages)

[======= ] 26% (20/76 pages)

[=========== ] 39% (30/76 pages)

[=============== ] 52% (40/76 pages)

[=================== ] 65% (50/76 pages)

[======================= ] 78% (60/76 pages)

[=========================== ] 92% (70/76 pages)

[==============================] 100% (76/76 pages)

Verify 19204 bytes of flash[ ] 0% (0/76 pages)

[=== ] 13% (10/76 pages)

[======= ] 26% (20/76 pages)

[=========== ] 39% (30/76 pages)

[=============== ] 52% (40/76 pages)

[=================== ] 65% (50/76 pages)

[======================= ] 78% (60/76 pages)

[=========================== ] 92% (70/76 pages)

[==============================] 100% (76/76 pages)

Verify successful

Set boot flash true

Device : ATSAM3X8

Chip ID : 285e0a60

Version : v1.1 Dec 15 2010 19:25:04

Address : 524288

Pages : 2048

Page Size : 256 bytes

Total Size : 512KB

 Planes : 2

Lock Regions : 32

Locked : none

Security : false

Boot Flash : true

CPU reset.

复制代码

好了，介绍就到这了。现在你可以充分使用 Arduino Due 开发板和 SAM3X8E 微控制器的全部功能了。

 发表于: 2018-05-23