ASSIGNMENT 3

Please make up your own data and describe the distributions, especially the standard scores and
the normal curve.
An Example:
A. PROBLEM
A language teacher taught reading to three different classes at the seventh grade in the Junior
High School. She taught a descriptive text of a person to those three different classes. She
wanted to compare the students’ reading competencies using equal standard for fair
comparisons among the three classes. After teaching the reading text, she administered a
reading test with 25 multiple choice items.

B. READING COMPETENCY DATA

Class A Class B Class C

(n1.1 = 10) (n1.2=10) (n1.3=10)

100 80 60

90 70 50

80 60 40

70 50 30

60 40 30

50 30 30

40 20 20

30 10 20

20 10 20

10 10 20

C. DATA ANALYSIS
The following data were analyzed before they were transformed into standard scores. The
resulting analysis are shown in the following table.
 Table 1
Descriptive Statistics
of the Students’ Reading Competency
in Three Different Classes
(in Raw Scores)

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

Std.
N Range Minimum Maximum Sum Mean Deviation Variance
Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Statistic

Class A 10 90.00 10.00 100.00 550.00 55.0000 9.57427 30.27650 916.667

Class B 10 70.00 10.00 80.00 380.00 38.0000 8.27312 26.16189 684.444
Class C 10 40.00 20.00 60.00 320.00 32.0000 4.42217 13.98412 195.556
Valid N
10
(listwise)

For fair comparisons, the above raw scores were standardized into a standard score or z-
score. After converted into respective standard scores, they were transformed into Stanine
( scores with the range of 0-10), T-score (scores with the range of 10-100), and College
Entrance Examination Board (CEEB) (scores with the range of 100-1000).
The results of score transformations are shown in the following table.

Table 2
Transformed Scores
of the Students’ Reading Competency
in Three Different Classes

Class A z-score A Stanine A T-score A CEEB A

(n1.1 = z= (X-M) *) X’=(s)(z)+M**) (s)(z)+M***) (s)(z)+M****)
10) S

100 zA= (100-55)= X’=(1)(+1.5)+5 = X’=(10)(+1.5)+50 X’=(100)(+1.5)+500 =

+1.5 6.5 = 65 650
30

90 zA= (90-55)= X’=(1)(+1.17)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+1.17)+500 =

+1.17 = 6.17 (+1.17)+50 = 61.7 617
30

80 zA= 80-55)= +0.83 X’=(1)(+0.83)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+0.83)+500 =

30 = 5.83 (+0.83)+50 = 58.3 583

70 zA= (70-55)= +0.5 X’=(1)(+0.5)+5 = X’=(10)(+0.5)+50 X’=(100)(+0.5)+500 =

30 5.5 = 55 550

60 zA=(60-55)= +0.17 X’=(1)(+0.17)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+0.17)+500 =

 = 5.17 (+0.17)+50 = 51.7 517
30

50 zA= (50-55)= -0.17 X’=(1)(-0.17)+5 = X’=(1)(-0.17)+50 X’=(1)(-0.17)+5 00=

30 4.83 = 48.3 483

40 zA= (40-55)= -0.5 X’=(1)(-0.5)+5 = X’=(10)(-0.5)+50 X’=(100)(-0.5)+500 =

30 4.5 = 45 450

30 zA= (30-55)= -0.83 X’=(1)(-0.83)+5 = X’=(10)(-0.83)+50 X’=(100)(-0.83)+500 =

30 4.17 = 41.7 417

20 zA= (20-55)=-1.67 X’=(1)(-1.17)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.17)+50 X’=(100)(-1.17)+500 =

30 3.83 = 38.3 383

10 zA= (10-55)= -1.5 X’=(1)(-1.5)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.5)+50 X’=(100)(-1.5)+500 =

30 3.5 = 65 650

Class B z-score B Stanine B T-score B CEEB B

(n1.2=10) z= (X-M) *) X’=(s)(z)+M**) X’=(s)(z)+M***) X’=(s)(z)+M****)
S

80 zB= (80-38)= X’=(1)(+1.62)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+1.62)+500 =

+1.62 = 6.62 (+1.62)+50 = 66.2 662
26

70 zB= (70-38)= X’=(1)(+1.23)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+1.23)+500 =

+1.23 = 6.23 (+1.23)+50 = 62.5 625
26

60 zB= (60-38)= X’=(1)(+0.85)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+0.85)+500 =

+0.85 = 5.85 (+0.85)+50 = 58.5 585
26

50 zB= (50-38)= X’=(1)(+0.46)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+0.46)+500 =

+0.46 = 5.46 (+0.46)+50 = 546 546
26

40 zB= (40-38)= X’=(1)(+0.08)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+0.08)+500 =

+0.08 = 5.08 (+0.08)+50 = 50.8 508
26

30 zB= (30-38)= -0.31 X’=(1)(-0.31)+5 = X’=(10)(-0.31)+50 X’=(100)(-0.31)+500 =

26 4.69 = 46.9 469

20 zB= (20-38)= -0.69 X’=(1)(-0.69)+5 = X’=(10)(-0.69)+50 X’=(100)(-0.69)+500 =

26 4.31 = 43.1 431

10 zB= (10-38)= -1.08 X’=(1)(-1.08)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.08)+50 X’=(100)(-1.08)+500 =

26 3.92 = 39.2 392

10 zB= (10-38)=-1.08 X’=(1)(-1.08)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.08)+50 X’=(100)(-1.08)+500 =

26 3.92 = 39.2 392

10 zB = (10-38)= - X’=(1)(-1.08)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.08)+50 X’=(100)(-1.08)+500 =

1.08 3.92 = 39.2 392
 26

Class C z-score B Stanine B T-score B CEEB B

(n1.3=10) z= (X-M) *) X’=(s)(z)+M**) X’=(s)(z)+M***) X’=(s)(z)+M****)
S

60 zC= (60-32)= +2 X’=(1)(+2)+5 = X’=(10)(+2)+50 = X’=(100)(+2)+500 =

14 7 70 700

50 zC= (50-32)= X’=(1)(+1.29)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+1.29)+500 =

+1.29 = 6.29 (+1.29)+50 = 62.9 629
14

40 zC= (40-32)= X’=(1)(+0.57)+5 X’=(10) X’=(100)(+0.57)+500 =

+0.57 = 5.57 (+0.57)+50 = 55.7 557
14

30 zC= (30-32)= -1.14 X’=(1)(-1.14)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.14)+50 X’=(100)(-1.14)+500 =

14 4.86 = 48.6 486

30 zC= (30-32)= -1.14 X’=(1)(-1.14)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.14)+50 X’=(100)(-1.14)+500 =

14 4.86 = 48.6 486

30 zC= (30-32)= -1.14 X’=(1)(-1.14)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.14)+50 X’=(100)(-1.14)+500 =

14 4.86 = 48.6 486

20 zC= (20-32)= -0.86 X’=(1)(-0.86)+5 = X’=(10)(-0.86)+50 X’=(100)(-0.86)+500 =

14 4.14 = 41.4 414

20 zC= (20-32)= -0.86 X’=(1)(-0.86)+5 = X’=(10)(-0.86)+50 X’=(100)(-0.86)+500 =

14 4.14 = 41.4 414

10 zC= (10-32)=-1.57 X’=(1)(-1.57)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.57)+50 X’=(100)(-1.57)+500 =

14 3.43 = 34.3 343

10 zC= (10-32)=-1.57 X’=(1)(-1.57)+5 = X’=(10)(-1.57)+50 X’=(100)(-1.57)+500 =

14 3.43 = 34.3 343

Note :
1. *) Z = standard score; X = raw score; M = mean score; S =standard deviation in
descriptive statistics;
2. **) X’ = transformed score; s = standard deviation of the Stanine = 1; z = standard
score of the corresponding raw score; M = mean score of the Stanine = 5;
3. ***) X’ = transformed score; s = standard deviation of T-score = 10; z = standard
score of the corresponding raw score; M = mean score of T-score = 50;
4. ****) transformed score; s = standard deviation of CEEB = 100; z = standard score of
the corresponding raw score; M = mean score of CEEB = 500.
D. INTERPRETATION
1. There were ten seventh grade students in the Junior High School who took the
reading test on descriptive texts of a person, an animal, and a procedure. Their
reading competencies were scored 0 to 100. Each item was weighted 4, therefore, the
scores were ranged between 0 to 100.
2. When compared descriptively, the students’ reading competencies of descriptive text
are as follows. First, the students in class A has the highest mean score (M=55), class
B is the second (M=32), and class C is third (M=32);
3. After the raw scores were standardized and transformed into, for example, Stanine the
mean scores of the three classes are all equal (M A = 5.0; Mean B = 5.0; Mean C =
5.0).

E. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the students’ mean reading competencies in the three classes are equal =
5.0.