By 12000bp temperate climate had set in some part of Europe.

The contraction of ice sheets

revealed the land areas in these Scandinavian parts of Europe that added additional land plots in the
continent. The climatic shifts in the Mesolithic period dating to 13000-11000bp resulted in the
abundance of small fleet-footed animals like water birds, fish, snails, mussels, and therefore Baltic
and Caspian regions experienced the fishing and fowling additional means of that subsistence. In the
late Pleistocene period, Europe was completely dependent on the hunting of reindeer with the
onset of the neolithic age and change to warmer conditions. Red deer and elf had completely
replaced the hunting of reindeer. the earliest evidence of the neolithic age in Europe has been found
from Greece dating to 9000bp. variety of emmer wheat and barley were cultivated in Greece, cattle
and pigs were domesticated on the fertile plains of the Balkans. Sheep and goats were
domesticated. The beginning of neolithic culture in Europe became a matter of debate among
historians. Initially, historians believed that neolithic sites of Europe because of the influence of
West Asia especially of Anatoliya but recently the evidence of Mesolithic age developing into
neolithic period in Greece have proved otherwise and therefore the indigenous development of
neolithic period in Europe. historians however do not deny with west Asian counterparts with the
cultural contact. By about 7000 bp there is evidence of migration of ppl from the Balkan region to
the coastal areas. The early farmers resorted to crop rotation and the slash and slash burn technique
were used to clear the land the land was left fallow to regain fertility and hence the neolithic farmers
settled for longer periods of time in the particular region. In the northwest medditarrean region
around 11000bp evidence of domestication of sheep, cultivation of cereal,and exchange with the
coastal areas becomes evident. In the eastern Europe , rich flaura and fauna enabled the hunter and
gather of Mesolithic period to carry on there economy even in neolithic age. Pine and Birch forest in
the north and steppe vegetation in southern Europe supported the survival of large animals . In this
region due to increase in…several ppl of neolithic regions migrated towards eastern Europe and
hence….in the neolithic age gives the alternate of the economic pattern.