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3.0 Learning Outcome
At the end of the lesson, you should be to create a design of flexural
members such as slab.

3.1 Introduction
The flexural members such as beams and slabs are the center of the
discussion in this Learning Packet 3 (LP 3). The beam has the following sections
rectangular and T-beam which will be designed as singly-reinforced and doubly
reinforced beams. The slabs are classified as one-way slab and two-way slabs.
This LP 3 is a self-directed learning materials for students in CE 14
Reinforced Concrete Design. This is supported by the books, videos and other
references found in SSU LMS via ssuonline.net. In case, my dear students you
cannot download these materials from the SSU LMS, please let me know, and
a hard or soft copy will be provided to you through any means of
communication like messenger or call via mobile phone.

3.2 Design a one-way slab

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Identity of One-way Slab by Formula:
1. One way slab = Longer span /Shorter span ≥ 2

2. In those slabs, in a shorter span, the main reinforcement was provided and in
the transverse direction, the distribution bars were provided

Questions:

1. Can you define now what is one-way slab?

2. Can you give the ratio of one-way slab based on the floor framing plan?

If your answer is No, then

Please Open the book “Design of Reinforced Concrete, 9th Edition, (2014), J.C. McCormac

to Chapter 4 pages 99 - 106 .

If your answer is YES, then proceed reading! module..

Definition of One-way Slab and the NSCP Code

Based on Section 407 National Structural Code of the Philippines(NSCP) 2015:

One-way slab – supported on two opposite sides only where the

bending occurs in one direction only.

If a rectangular is supported in all four sides but the long side is two or
more times the short side, the slab will, for all purposes, acts as one
way slab, with bending occurring in the short direction.

One-way slab is assumed to be rectangular beam with a large ratio of

width to depth (McCormac, 2014). Hence, it is designed as a beam and follows
a principles of design of beam.
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NSCP 2015 Requirements:

Minimum Thickness:

Chapter 4 Section 407.3.1.

Maximum spacing of reinforcement:

Chapter Sections 407.7.2 and Section 407.7.3

Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement:

Chapter 4 Section 407.7.6

Steps in the Design One-way Slab for Flexure

1. Identify the uniform floor pressure (Pa) to be carried by the slab. This
load may consist of:

Live load pressure;

Dead load pressure;

Ceiling load and other attachments below the slab

2. Determine the minimum slab thickness h:

Source: NSCP 2015

3. Compute the weight of slab (Pa)

Weight = unit weight x h

4. Calculate the factored moment (Mu) to be carried by the slab.

Uniform load, wu = Factored pressure x 1 m

5. Compute the effective depth, d:

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d = h–covering(usually 20 mm)–½(main bar diameter)

6. Compute the required steel ratio 𝜌

Solve for Rn from Mu = ∅ Rn bd2 ,

where b = 1000 mm

0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= [ 1 - √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐

Solve for 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 and 𝜌min

If 𝜌 is less than 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 and greater than 𝜌min , use 𝜌

If 𝜌 is greater than 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 increase the depth of slab to ensure ductile
failure

If 𝜌 is less than 𝜌min use 𝜌 = 𝜌min

7. Compute the required main bar spacing

As = 𝜌bd
= 𝜌(1000) d ≥ 𝜌𝑡bh
𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑟
Spacing, s1 = x 1000
𝐴𝑠
Use the smallest of the following for the main bar spacing:
a) S1
b) 3 x h
c) 450mm

8. Compute the required temperature bars;

Ast = 𝜌bh
= 𝜌(1000) d ≥ 𝜌𝑡bh
𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑟
Spacing, s2 = 𝐴𝑠 x 1000
Use the smallest of the following for the temperature bar spacing:
a) S2
b) 5 x h
c) 450mm
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Example Problem

A 200 mm thick one-way slab reinforced concrete slab overhangs a simple

support. The span of overhang is 2.4 m. Drawings called for the reinforcement to be
placed with top cover of 25 mm. The steel was misplaced, however, and later was
found to be as much as 87.5 mm below the top of the concrete. f’c = 27.6 MPa, fy = 414.6
MPa. Reinforcing bars is 22 mm diameter spaced at 275 mm on center. Find the ØMn
for the slab as designed.

Before solving, read the problem carefully and identify the given and required.

Given:
h = 200 mm
L = 2.4 m length of overhang
Top cover = 25mm
Bar diameter = 22 mm
f’c = 27.6 MPa
fy = 414.6 MPa
Spacing = 275 mm

Solution:

Solve for ØMn : Consider 1-m length of slab

ØMn = Ø Asfy (d-a/2) where: d = 200 –25–11 = 164 mm

Asfy
a= 0.85f′cb

π/4(22 mm)2 (1000mm)

a= 275mm

a = 1382.3 mm

ØMn = Ø Asfy (d-a/2)

24.43
ØMn = 0.90 (1382.3 mm) (414.7 MPa) [ 164 - ]
2

ØMn= 7,834.79 kN-m

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Student Task 3-06 Slab
Design the one-way slab 8 m length to support a live load of 12 KN/m2.
Assume concrete weighs 23.5 KN/m3 . f’c = 28 MPa and fy= 420 MPa.

Use ρ = ρmax .

Deadline: February 11, 2022

3.3 References

Besavilla, V. I. (2013). Fundamentals of Reinforced Concrete. Volume 3. Cebu City,

Philippines: VIB Publisher.

McCormac, J.C. and Brown, R. H. (2014). Design Reinforced Concrete, 7th Edition.
New York: John Wiley & Sons.

National Structural Code of the Philippines, 2015.

2.4 Acknowledgement

The images, tables, figures and information contained in this module were
taken from the references cited above.