LINE

Lines are marks moving in a space between two points whereby a viewer can
visualize the stroke movement, direction, and intention based on how the line is
oriented.[1][2] Lines describe an outline, capable of producing texture according to
their length and curve.[3] There are different types of lines artists may use, including,
actual, implied, vertical, horizontal, diagonal and contour lines, which all have
different functions.[3] Lines are also situational elements, requiring the viewer to
have knowledge of the physical world in order to understand their flexibility, rigidity,
synthetic nature, or life.[1]

A line is formed by the dots, and it can vary in thickness, color, and shape. Unless the
artist adds volume or mass to a line, it is a two-dimensional shape.

Kapag gumamit naman ang isang artist ng ilang linya, ang resulta ay isang drawing na
mas makikilala kaysa sa isang linya na lumilikha ng isang form na kahawig ng hugis
sa labas. Maaari ding mahinuha ang mga linya, tulad ng kapag ang isang kamay ay
nakaturo pataas at ang mga mata ng tumitingin ay sinusundan ito pataas nang hindi
man lang nakikita ang isang tunay na linya.

For example, Line art or line drawing is any image that consists of distinct straight
lines or curves placed against a background, without gradations in shade or hue to
represent two-dimensional or three-dimensional objects. Line art can use lines of
different colors, although line art is usually monochromatic.

SHAPE

A shape is a two-dimensional design encased by lines to signify its height and width

structure, and can have different values of color used within it to make it appear three-
dimensional.[2][4] In animation, shapes are used to give a character a distinct
personality and features, with the animator manipulating the shapes to provide new
life.[1] There are different types of shapes an artist can use and fall under either
geometrical, defined by mathematics, or organic shapes, created by an artist.[3]
[4] Simplistic, geometrical shapes include circles, triangles and squares, and provide a
symbolic and synthetic feeling, whereas acute angled shapes with sharp points are
perceived as dangerous shapes.[1] Rectilinear shapes are viewed as dependable and
more structurally sound, while curvilinear shapes are chaotic and adaptable.[1

Ang hugis ng isang istraktura o iba pang gawa ng sining ay natutukoy sa

pamamagitan ng lugar sa paligid nito. Ang mga bata ay nakakalat sa paligid ng imahe,
na nagbibigay ng puwang sa pagitan nila at nagbibigay sa bawat pigura ng sarili
nitong pagkakakilanlan.

FORM
A three-dimensional element of art that encloses volume and encompasses height,
breadth, and depth (as in a cube, sphere, pyramid, or cylinder).

The free-flowing form is another option. Whether it's the restrictions of a line in a
painting or the edge of a sculpture, the form provides structure to a work of art.

It can be two-dimensional, three-dimensional with height and weight restrictions, or

free-flowing. In a piece of work, the form also expresses all of the formal components
of art.

Examples of Form in Art

1. Illusionistic form: During the Italian Renaissance period, painters created form by
using a light source to cast shadows, along with vanishing points that showed depth.
These optical illusions represented space as it would appear in real life. One notable
example includes Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper.
2. Abstract form: Abstraction is a way that painters play with form by using geometric
shapes to represent biomorphic ones, which occur naturally. Cubist artist Pablo
Picasso Demoiselles d’Avignon experimented with painting the usually soft, curved
female form with angular geometric shapes, underscoring the elements of organic
shapes.

VALUE

Tones or colors' brightness or blackness. The lightest value is white, while the darkest
value is black. Middle gray is the value that is halfway between these two extremes.

Value refers to the degree of perceivable lightness of tones within an image.[2] The

element of value is compatible with the term luminosity, and can be "measured in
various units designating electromagnetic radiation".[6] The difference in values is
often called contrast, and references the lightest (white) and darkest (black) tones of a
work of art, with an infinite number of grey variants in between.[6] While it is most
relative to the greyscale, though, it is also exemplified within colored images.[3]

Ang pagmamanipula ng artist sa lahat ng elemento ng sining ay mahalaga sa pag-

unawa sa ginawang likhang sining. Paano iginuhit ng may-akda ang kanyang linya,
lumilikha ng iba't ibang mga texture, o kung saang midyum siya lumiliko upang
tukuyin ang aesthetic na wika ng bawat may-akda. May kaugnayan din ito sa debate
tungkol sa halaga sa sining, at ang arena ng black and white na photography ay
kadalasang ginagamit upang pinakamahusay na mailarawan ang halaga sa pagkilos.
Dito na pinakamahusay na maisalarawan kung paano ang mga infinitive na variation
ng gray ay nagmumungkahi ng mga eroplano at mga texture, at kung paano sa
pamamagitan ng mga ito, ang ideya ng halaga, na tinukoy sa pamamagitan ng contrast
ay nakakamit[3].
SPACE

A technique for defining positive and negative areas in a work of art or creating a
sense of depth. Space refers to the region surrounding the art piece's main point and
can be positive or negative, shallow or deep, open or closed.

Space refers to the area surrounding an art form; in the case of a structure, it refers to
the area behind, over, inside, or adjacent to it.

The shape of a structure or other work of art is determined by the area surrounding it.
The children are dispersed around the image, providing space between them and
giving each figure its own identity.

The Uses of Space

Many new artists overlook the importance of creating space in a drawing or painting. 
The result usually looks flat or objects can appear to be floating.  Luckily, however,
creating space in an artwork is very simple to accomplish and there are a number of
ways to it.

Overlapping - occurs when objects that are closer to the viewer prevent the view of
objects that are behind them.

COLOR

Color is an element consisting of hues, of which there are three properties: hue,
chroma or intensity, and value.[3] Color is present when light strikes an object and it
is reflected back into the eye, a reaction to a hue arising in the optic nerve.[6] The first
of the properties is hue, which is the distinguishable color, like red, blue or yellow.
[6] The next property is value, meaning the lightness or darkness of the hue.[6] The
last is chroma or intensity, distinguishing between strong and weak colors.[6] A visual
representation of chromatic scale is observable through the color wheel that uses
the primary colors.[3]

There are many different approaches to the use of color in art:

Color as light

Color as tone

Color as pattern

Color as form

Color as symbol

Color as movement
 Color as harmony

Color as contrast

Color as mood

Our selection of artworks illustrated below have been chosen because they all use
color in an inspirational manner. We have analyzed each of these to demonstrate how
great artists use this visual element as a creative force in their work.

TEXTURE

An aspect of art that refers to how things feel, or appear to feel, when handled. To the
touch, the texture might be rough or smooth, simulating a specific feel or feeling.

The texture of a surface also determines how your eye perceives it, whether it is flat
with little roughness or has changed on the surface, simulating rock, wood, stone, or
fabric.

With great brushwork and layers of paint, artists gave texture to buildings, landscapes,
and portraits, creating the illusion of reality. Texture is used to describe the surface
quality of the work, referencing the types of lines the artist created.[1] The surface
quality can either be tactile (real) or strictly visual (implied).[3] Tactile surface quality
is mainly seen through three-dimensional works, like sculptures, as the viewer can see
and/or feel the different textures present, while visual surface quality describes how
the eye perceives the texture based on visual cues.[7]

 Physical texture: The physical texture of a work of art refers to its tactile
texture that you can feel when you touch it. For example, the physical
texture of a work of art may be soft, hard, smooth or rough.
 Visual texture: Artists who create works of art on a two-dimensional
surface, such as painters or draftsmen, are creating a visual texture of their
work by manipulating materials on their canvas.