Limit Fungsi

A. Tentukan nilai limit dari limit berikut, untuk n bilangan asli dan h bilangan real.
(2+ℎ)2 −22
1. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

(2+ℎ)2 −22
Pembahasan : lim ℎ
ℎ→0

4+4ℎ+ℎ2 −4 ℎ 2 +4ℎ ℎ(ℎ+4)

= lim ℎ
= lim = lim = lim (ℎ + 4) = 0 + 4 = 4
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0

(2−ℎ)2 −22 4−4ℎ+ℎ2 −4 ℎ 2 −4ℎ ℎ(ℎ−4)

2. lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim ℎ = lim ℎ
= lim (ℎ − 4) = 0-4 = -4
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0

(3−ℎ)2 −32 9−6ℎ+ℎ 2 −9 −6ℎ+ℎ2 ℎ(−6+ℎ)

3. lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
=lim ℎ = lim −6 + ℎ = -6+0 = -6
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0

(5+ℎ)2 −52 25+10ℎ+ℎ 2 −25 10ℎ+ℎ2 ℎ(10+ℎ)

4. lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim 10 + ℎ = 10 + 0 = 10
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0

(2−ℎ)3 −23
5. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
(2−ℎ)3 −23
Pembahasan : lim , (𝑎 − 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 − 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏 2 − 𝑏 3
ℎ→0 ℎ
(2 − ℎ)3 = 23 − 3. 22 ℎ + 3.2. ℎ2 − ℎ3

(2−ℎ)3 −23 8−3.4.ℎ+3.2ℎ2 −ℎ3 −8 −12ℎ+6ℎ2 −ℎ 3 ℎ(−12+6ℎ−ℎ2 )

lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
=lim ℎ
=lim ℎ
= lim (−12 + 6ℎ −
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0
2 2
ℎ ) = -12+6.0-0 = -12 +0-0 = -12
(2+ℎ)3 −23
6. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

𝑓(𝑎+ℎ)−𝑓(𝑎)
B. Tentukan nilai dari lim ℎ
setiap f(x) berikut :
ℎ→0
1. f(x) = 9x – 1
2. f(x) = 3𝑥 2
3. f(x) = 5x+2
4. f(x) = 2𝑥 2 -3
1
5. f(x) = 𝑥 2
Pembahasan : 1. f(x) = 9x-1
f(a) = 9a – 1
f(a+h) = 9(a+h) - 1
𝑓(𝑎+ℎ)−𝑓(𝑎) 9(𝑎+ℎ)−1−(9𝑎−1) 9𝑎+9ℎ−1−9𝑎+1 9ℎ
lim = lim = lim = lim = lim 9= 9
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0

Pembahasan : 2. f(x) = 3𝑥 2
f(a) = 3𝑎2
f(a+h) = 3 (𝑎 + ℎ)2 = 3 ( 𝑎2 + 2𝑎ℎ + ℎ2 )
 𝑓(𝑎+ℎ)−𝑓(𝑎) 3 (𝑎+ℎ)2 −3𝑎2 3( 𝑎2 +2𝑎ℎ+ℎ 2 ) −3𝑎 2 3𝑎2 +6𝑎ℎ+3ℎ2 −3𝑎2 6𝑎ℎ+3ℎ2
lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
=lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0
ℎ(6𝑎+3ℎ)
= lim ℎ
=lim 6𝑎 + 3ℎ = 6a+3.0 = 6a
ℎ→0 ℎ→0

Pembahasan : 3. f(x) = 5x+2

f(a) = 5a + 2
f(a+h) = 5(a+h)+2 = 5a+5h +2
𝑓(𝑎+ℎ)−𝑓(𝑎) 5𝑎+5ℎ+2−(5𝑎+2) 5𝑎+5ℎ+2−5𝑎−2 5ℎ
lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim = lim 5 = 5
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0

Pembahasan : 4. f(x) = 2𝑥 2 -3
f(a) = 2𝑎2 -3
f(a+h) = 2(𝑎 + ℎ)2 -3 = 2( 𝑎2 + 2𝑎ℎ + ℎ2 ) -3 = 2𝑎2 + 4𝑎ℎ + 2ℎ2 - 3
𝑓(𝑎+ℎ)−𝑓(𝑎) 2𝑎 2 +4𝑎ℎ+2ℎ2 − 3−(2𝑎 2 −3) 2𝑎 2 +4𝑎ℎ+2ℎ2 − 3−2𝑎 2 +3) 4𝑎ℎ+2ℎ2
lim ℎ
=lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
=
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0
ℎ(4𝑎+2ℎ)
lim = lim 4𝑎 + 2ℎ = 4a +2.0 = 4a
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0

1
Pembahasan soal no.5 : f(x) = 𝑥 2
1
f(a) = 𝑎2
1
f(a+h) =
(𝑎+ℎ)2

1 1
𝑓(𝑎+ℎ)−𝑓(𝑎) −
(𝑎+ℎ)2 𝑎2
lim ℎ
= lim ℎ
=
ℎ→0 ℎ→0
𝑎2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 𝑎2 (𝑎2 +2𝑎ℎ+ℎ2 ) 𝑎2 −𝑎2 −2𝑎ℎ−ℎ2 −2𝑎ℎ−ℎ2
− − −2𝑎ℎ−ℎ 2
𝑎2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 𝑎2 𝑎2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 𝑎2 𝑎2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 𝑎2 (𝑎+ℎ)2
lim ℎ
=lim ℎ
=lim ℎ
=lim ℎ
= lim 𝑎2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 ∶
ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0 ℎ→0
−2𝑎ℎ−ℎ2 1 ℎ(−2𝑎−ℎ) 1 (−2𝑎−ℎ) (−2𝑎−0) −2𝑎 −2𝑎 −2
ℎ = lim 2 x = lim x = lim = = = =
ℎ→0 𝑎 (𝑎+ℎ)2 ℎ ℎ→0 𝑎 2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 ℎ ℎ→0 𝑎 2 (𝑎+ℎ)2 𝑎 2 (𝑎+0)2 𝑎 2 𝑎 2 𝑎 4 𝑎3