Regulations and Guidelines

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• Regulations
– MARPOL 73/78
– SOLAS 74
– IGC Code
– STCW 1995

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• Guidelines
– Tanker Safety Guide (Liquefied Gas)
– Liquefied Gas Handling Principles On Ships
And In Terminals
– Tanker Safety Training (Liquefied Gas) –
specialized level

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 SOLAS
• Fire safety measures for tankers
– Location and separation of spaces
– Venting, purging, gas-freeing and ventilation
– Cargo tank protection
– Fixed deck foam systems
– Inert gas systems

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 SOLAS
• Construction and equipment of ships
carrying liquefied gases in bulk
– Definitions (solas 7.doc), (def cod.doc)
– Application to gas carriers
– Requirements for gas carriers

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 IGC Code
• 19 chapters;

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IGC Code
• Chapter 1- General

– Application
– Hazards
– Definitions
– Equivalents
– Surveys and Certification

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 2 – Ship survival capability* and
location of cargo tanks
– Freeboard and intact stability
– Shipside discharges below the freeboard deck
– Conditions of loading
– Damage assumptions
– Location of cargo tanks
– Flooding assumptions
– Standard of damage
– Survival requirements

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 3 – Ship arrangements
– Segregation of the cargo area . .
– Accommodation, service and machinery spaces and
control stations
– Cargo pump-rooms and cargo compressor rooms
– Cargo control rooms
– Access to spaces in the cargo area .
– Airlocks
– Bilge, ballast and fuel oil arrangements
– Bow or stern loading and unloading arrangements.

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IGC Code
• Chapter 4 – Cargo containment
– Definitions
– Design loads
– Structural analyses
– Allowable stresses and corrosion allowances
– Supports
– Secondary barrier
– Insulation
– Materials
– Construction and testing
– Stress relieving for type C independent tanks
– Guidance formulae for acceleration components
– Stress categories

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 5 – Process pressure vessels and
liquid, vapour, and pressure piping systems
– Cargo and process piping
– Type tests on piping components
– Piping fabrication and joining details
– Testing of piping
– Cargo system valving requirements
– Ship's cargo hoses
– Cargo transfer methods
– Vapour return connections

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 6 – Materials of construction
– Material requirements .
– Welding and non-destructive testing .

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 7 – Cargo
pressure/temperature control
– Refrigeration systems

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IGC Code
• Chapter 8 – Cargo tank vent systems
– Pressure relief systems
– Additional pressure relieving system for liquid
level control
– Vacuum protection systems
– Size of valves

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 9 – Environmental control
– Environmental control within cargo tanks and
cargo piping systems
– Environmental control within the hold spaces
(cargo containment systems other than type C
independent tanks)
– Environmental control of spaces surrounding
type C independent tanks
– Inerting
– Inert gas production on board
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IGC Code
• Chapter 10 – Electrical installations
– Types of equipment

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 11 – Fire protection and fire
extinction
– Fire safety requirements
– Fire water main equipment
– Water-spray system
– Dry chemical powder fire-extinguishing
systems .
– Cargo compressor and pump-rooms . .
– Firemen's outfits. .

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 12 – Mechanical ventilation in
the cargo area
– Spaces required to be entered during normal
cargo handling operations
– Spaces not normally entered

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 13 – Instrumentation (gauging,
gas detection)
– Level indicators for cargo tanks
– Overflow control
– Pressure gauges
– Temperature indicating devices
– Gas detection requirements

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 14 – Personnel protection
– Protective equipment
– Safety equipment
– First-aid equipment
– Personnel protection requirements for
individual products

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 15 – Filling limits for cargo
tanks
– Information to be provided to the master
– Application

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 16 – Use of cargo as fuel
– Arrangement of machinery spaces of category A
– Gas fuel supply
– Gas make-up plant and related storage tanks
– Special requirements for main boilers
– Special requirements for gas-fired internal
combustion engines and gas-fired turbines

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 17 – Special requirements
– Materials of construction
– Independent tanks
– Refrigeration systems
– Deck cargo piping
– Exclusion of air from vapour spaces
– Moisture control

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 17 – Special requirements (cont)
– Inhibition
– Permanently installed toxic gas detectors .
– Flame screens on vent outlets
– Maximum allowable quantity of cargo per tank
– Submerged electric cargo pumps
– Ammonia
– Chlorine
– Diethyl ether and vinyl ethyl ether

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 17 – Special requirements (cont)
– Ethylene oxide
– Isopropylamine and monoethylamine
– Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixtures
– Nitrogen
– Propylene oxide and mixtures of ethylene oxide-
propylene oxide with ethylene oxide content of not
more than 30% by weight
– Vinyl chloride

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 18 – Operating requirements
– Cargo information .
– Compatibility
– Personnel training
– Entry into spaces
– Carriage of cargo at low temperature
– Protective equipment
– Systems and controls
– Cargo transfer operations
– Additional operating requirements

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 IGC Code
• Chapter 19 – Summary of minimum
requirements

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• STCW

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 Is a revolutionary step forward
in the everlasting quest of the
marine industry for safer ships
and cleaner seas. First such
step to achieve these goals
was STCW-78 which came
into force in 1984.
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 Despite its broad global
acceptance it was realised in
late 80’s that the convention
was not achieving its purpose.
The convention needed
rethinking on global basis.

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 The background, which
necessitated changes,
together with salient changes
have come about are
summarized below.

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 Accident

• Loss of life
• Damage to property
• Pollution

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 Human Error
• Inexperience
• Incompetence
• On board training questioned
• Unfit for duty.
• Lack of rest
• Fatigue
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 STCW-78

• Lost credibility
• Deficiencies of STCW 78 were

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 STCW-78
• No precise standards
• Satisfaction of administration
• Sea service without defining skills
• No clear flag state responsibility for
competence of crew
• Only knowledge based
• Lack of transparency
• Training & Assessment procedures
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questioned
The change that have taken place in
the recent past have been greater
than in any comparable period in
history. We have embraced the
wonders of new technology and we
have sometimes been left breathless
by the sheer speed of changes that
have occurred.
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Secretary General IMO
 Main Aims of Revision

• To transfer all detailed technical requirements

to an associated code.
• To clarify the skills and competence required
to take into account modern training methods.
• To ensure administration maintain direct
control over and endorse the qualifications of
certified seafarers.
• To make the parties to convention
accountable to each other

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 3 Levels of
Responsibility
• Management
– Master, C/Engineer, C/Officer, 2nd Engineer
• Operation
– 2nd Off, 3rd Engineer, 3rd Off, 4th Engineer
• Support
– Ratings forming part of watch

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 Responsibility
• Administration
• Marine Academies
• Shipping Company
Masters, Officers, Senior ratings &
all others with responsibility for
training or assessing.

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 Detention
• Ship can be detained &
Penalised for
–In-appropriate Certificate
–In appropriate Function
–Forged Document
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 Shipboard Familiarization
• Duties/Arrangements
• Equipment
• Procedures
• Emergency Duties.

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 Shipboard Coordination
• Collision
• Grounding
• Fire
• Pollution
• Abandon Ship
• Record of drills
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Shipboard Coordination
• Prevent Fatigue
– Excessive or unreasonable overall
working hours – not undertaken
– Rest 10 hrs/day – does not imply
others may be devoted to watch-
keeping & other duties.
– Excessive work/leave
• Record of rest periods
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 Shipboard Coordination
• Fitness for duty
– Drug / Alcohol / sleep
– Rest
– D & A abuse screening programme
• Persons requiring spectacles or contact
lenses to perform duties – have one
spare.
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 Special Training
• Tankers
• RO-RO/Passenger Ships
• Specialist Training
–Manoeuvring of large and
unusual ship
–Hazardous Material
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 Women in Maritime Industry
• Equal access by men and women in all
sectors of maritime industry.
• To highlight the role of women in
seafaring profession.
• Promote their greater participation in
maritime training at all levels in maritime
industry.
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 Alternative Certification
• The issue of alternate certificate shall
not be used in itself
– To reduce number of crew on board.
– To lower the integrity of profession or
de-skill seafarers.
– To assign combined duties of engine
& deck to a single certificate holder
during any particular watch.
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 Training of Juniors

• National government obliged all

training and assessment
required under convention, on
board or ashore is
administered, supervised and
monitored.
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 Approved Programme of OBT
• Cadets Deck/Engine to complete an
approved programme of OBT.
• OBT to ensure candidate receives systematic
practical training & Experience.
• Closely supervised & monitored by qualified
officers.
• Adequately documented in an approved
training record book.
• Officer responsible for OBT should be duly
qualified.
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 Revalidation of Certificates
• One year service in last five years
performing functions appropriate to
certificate held. or
• Passing an approved test.
• Successfully completing an approved
course.
• Sea service of three months as
s’numerary performing functions of
certificate held or in next lower rank.
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 Registration of Certificates
• Administration shall maintain a
register of all certificates and
endorsements – issued – expired –
revalidated – suspended –
cancelled – reported lost or
destroyed.

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 Training

• Sea going service forms part of

approved training programme
– OBT to be integral part of overall
training programme
– Managed & coordinated by company
– Training record book
– Periods set for completion of
programme

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 OBT for all Tanker Personnel
• Regulations
• Health hazards and precautions to be
taken
• Fire prevention and fire fighting
• Pollution prevention
• Safety equipment and its use.
• Emergency procedures.
• Cargo equipment and operations
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 Surveys required for certificate of
fitness
-Initial survey
-Periodical survey
-Intermediate survey
-Annual survey
-Additional survey

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 Organization
SIGTTO
CDI (CDI Gas 5th Ed-2003.xls)

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