sone 1 Geography + The country is shaped like the agi) profile of an elephant head Situated in sontheast Asia, \ bordered by Burma, Laos and ~} Cambodia =A nacrow strips of land surrounded by the Andaman Sea to the West and the Gulf of Thailand to ve East connects Thailand to Malaysia with auiles of coastline and many ivers, sealood and fish are abundant, Quick Facts Capital: Bangkok + Population: 65 mullion (Rank: 20) + Official Language: Thai “¢ Itis the 50® largest country in the world + Trivia: Thailand was known as Siam watil 1939 when it officially became the Kingdom of ‘Thailand. 4 Thailand’s name in Thai is Prathet Thai, which means “Land of the Free.” It is the only country in Southeast Asia that was never colonized by a European nation. Flag of Thailand + The Thailand flag was officially adopted on September 28, 1917, Red is said to symbolize the ‘lod of life, white the purity of the Buddhist faith, and blue the monaschy. The blue and white stsipes were added to the flag dssring World War L ‘Topography & Climate SNe eh ge giant Mteted of. fountains, forests ey platens nn some fertile ne Tho central area contains plans, rivers and fertile ee pee a amet eee era tea Pee tierra cal eer lice 70 Hoty pings col dy winters and i, wet acs fag acme ace gal Oat sn fustabena ait bn pial eit Ca seeHistory + Ancient Thafland ‘+ Around 4,000 BC the easiest inhabitants ere a ee ‘ice. At st the farmers ised stone fools bat About 3000 2C beenze was descovened. From about 500 BC they wced sn. ‘At fisst what snow Thailand was divided, {nto small states called Meng By 100 AD ee ee However the ancestors or the Ta people nigral fren valley sotlomonts inthe, ‘mountainous rien of Southwest China between the 6 ad 13° centuries, History # 16% century to 19% century + The fist Europeans to seach Thasand wore the Portuguese i 1511. They were flloced by the Dutch in 1605, the Eagish 1612 and the French 1662. 1.1675 a Greek called Constantine Phasllon became an (eee eee Tiere geet seer eee entre ee semoved from power 1688 and the Fronch were tapeled. Atervards Thasland adopted aa sclatonit ‘poly, The Thais cat contact with Barope unt the easly Tih cent, History 16% contury to early 19% century + 13.1809 Rama [was succeeded by his on Rama (1509- 1828, He was flloeed by Rama If (1524-1851),Dring ‘hese eigns Tha calle usted. ‘Thenext hing Rama IV or Monghet allowed the Bish eee trate ene ae eet countsige ade encouraged the study of Western ‘Rama V (868.1901) abolished the custom tht sbjoct= sist prostrate theses in the hang!s presence He also ee tes tig ingen tee, eee rears History + Anefent Thailand + Between he Oth cenhry anid the 1th cenbrysnnch of what snow Thailand was ruled by the Khmer © people from what nove Camboc, eee eerie ence ‘Thailand sn the Mekong; River valley urted to form a inglom called Subthotd. Ris eave asthe fist That kngdoos, However the fat Ths Hang didnot (aie an eeeedey Mesnivale dusing the 14th centery another Kngdoa zor in Thailand called Ayuthaya ane it armeved the Kingdom of Sukhoi. During th 15 sentry the ‘Kingdom of Ayuthaya contied to grow. History ¢ 16% contury to 194 century. + Im1705 the Burmese invaded Ayuthaya and they captused the capital 1767 and destoyed t. However 12.1709 general named Phyaya Talsin became Jang ad ee eee ee eee Sete eee cea eteeeee eae ‘mach of Laos and other pasts of Southeast Asa However King Taksin began tohave delusions and he was removed ina coup in 1782, gonecal named Chao Flyaya Chale: zeplaced fam as bsg, Hess nan a2 [Rama Ho had Takin executed ard abo made Bangkok the copia History + Late 19% century to Present aS eee eee a Sa a ‘sade Lor to France He alsa ceded Casnbodin to France {1007 ania 1909 was forced to cede teritony i ‘Malaya to Beta. In July 1917 Tasland joined World War on the allied ee In November 1925Prajadlupok: became bing of ‘Thadand. However on! 24 Fane 1922 a revolution made Thailand »conetitonal monazcy In October 1933 Prince Botan eda coustrsevotation but was defeated, Prajadhspok abdicate an Masch 135 an favor eA pectoralHistory ¢ Late 19° centuzy to Present + Ia 1041 Thailand agro to let pane trcops to pe regi a eee cree Rea AG Japmaese then occupied Thasland anon 25 January 1942 Thadand declared war on Ertan and ihe USA. However 90,000 Tas suena ed by Pride Phanoatyong fought the Japanese In. 1046 Thdland eerie ener etna Spa Teste pase ee UN: Ta Mah 1946 ne Ceti We Tele es publiched, However on 9 ne 149 King Ananda Mahidol ve shot in mister sicumetances King, Bhnamubol began his reign. History ¢ Late 19% century to Present + From 1080 Thailand was ld bry Gonoal Prem eee tae en eae aie etree eee rele aceon rns weer ee ‘eventually Thailand retuoned to civilian goverment. A palsies ie iadiareriat ary (Sains Sey ca. Tela i, 206 [December 2007 democratic elechons were eld agin. Culinary Influences + Foreign trade brought new ingredients and ideas to the Thai people. + Thailand was a cross roads of East to West sea soutes causing its culture and cuisine to be infused swith Middle Eastemers introducing cumin and coriander, an India introducing cardamom. 4 Thai cury incorporated many Tndian spices, but RE stil manages to maintain a unique flavor with the addition of local spices and ingredients, As Chinese introduced noodles to Thailand they have also bring the most important cooking tool: ‘The steel wok. History # Late 19 century to Present + Hx 1947 iol Marshal Pht stagea a soup, Although earn rete amen! snlitary dietatoeshp. Been after the death of Publ sa 1963 he areny ruled Thane. However in 1973 thousands of students demonstrated emuading a proper consttston for Thusand The ng Se Se eee Se elie eaten ‘coalition of 17 pasties, However in 1975 students demonstrated again. This History # Late 19® century to Present +R li na SNE are Tena nce, ng. pee eerie ree Agrcaltsal country fo a newly sndstialized one ie eee eee) Tate early 2st eeatry Thadand conned to gw SSeS ear geeyr ae ay Se a a, “Tan lao aulfered severe floods in 2011 fat 200m ecovered, Thasland i neve a prosperous county and A economiy i rowing steady, Tourism Culinary Influences + Portugsese missionasies introdticed chilies to Thai cooking during the late 1600s, andl now chilies are fan important ingredient in many Thai dishes, ¢Ewopeans bought tomatoes, which they’ discovered in south America, and tapioca which originally came from central America, + Other infhiences on Thai cooking may’ be fosnd in the counties near or suszounding Thailand, such, as Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Burma, and Malaysia. Such plentiful and vast influences combine to create the complex taste of present-day Thai cuisine,Cuisine + Thai cuisine is essentially a marriage of centusies- ‘ld Easton and Western inlluences harmoniously combined into something «nique. + Thai cooking is completely identitiable in its own right, incorporating all 5 tastes: sveet, sour, bitter, salty, and spicy. + Thais were very adept at adapting foreign cooking aethods and substituting ingredients, ‘Foreign recipes have been integrated with] traditional Thai dishes, resulting in many layers of Afferent flavors that marry together to create an interesting and mullileveled taste sensation. Cuisine Thai food is always fresh, cooked to extreme quickness to retain freshness and nustients + Seasonings are fragrant, fiercaly hot with chiles, ‘pungent with fish sauce and aromatic with ginger and tumeric ¢"Kaeng’, a principle in Thai cookery which means liquid, refers fo the amount of liquid in. a dish, which determines whether sica can be mixed directly into the dish ‘Common Ingredients in Thai Cuisine + Galangal, “kita” arelative of the singer, is used as a flavoring, -¢ Turmeric, “Kha-min" is amember of a the ginger family, and provides yellow coloring for Thai food. 4 Finger Root, “kra-chii” a relative of the ginger with yellow-brown 100, used asa flavoring, + Kafffi 1, “ma-hrut," with its leaves “bai a grood”, peel and juice, are used as a flavoring in Thai cuisine 24 Cuisine Originally, Thai cooking, seflected the characteristics of a ‘waterborne lifestyle + Rice is the foundation of the diet 4 Aqualic animals, plants and hhetbs were major ingzedients, 4 With their Buddhist ‘background, Thais chunied the ‘use of large animals in big Trunks, that is why meats were soldom used Thai Cuisine | Garli, “hra-thiom,” is used as a {lavoring and condiment. Chili, “phrik, "is used as gamishing, and flavoring in Thai dishes, 4 Ginger, “king,” is used in different forms as a food, flavoring and spice cuties, meat. Se vegetable dishes, 4 Lemon Grass, “tikes aroused as” flavoring Thai Cuisine + Common Lime, “maine,” ic used asa _gaimsh for fish and meat dishes. + Tamarind, “atom,” 1s used as asnac « peccee tee Stayt tw stom arya used as flavoring or seasoning agents © Coriander, “pak chee,” is eaten raw or ‘used asa flavoring or garnish Ite root, "raak pak chee," a ood, “Ink pak chee" sed a8 favormgs 2 Mint, “sa-za-nae,”is used as a flavoring ant caten raw in Thai cuisine ‘Common Ingredients in ‘Common Ingredients in te a vrCommon Ingredients in ‘Thai Cuisine = Basile: 1 Honey Basil, "Meng lak” in Thai, ssslihuly has wath pale green eaves, eatin either raw or wed as 2 react ‘Sweet Basil, "Ho-ra-plia" in Thal eee ees oe favouring in That cooking. Holy or Sacred Basil, "kha-phrao,” ieeerblerSeoot Basil bat hes ‘avon ad often ines seish- purple levees Common Ingredients in ‘Thai Cuisine + Nam pla ~ a fermente fist sance conte the characte tases of That food and replaces soy sauce + Nam Prik~ Roasted Thai Chi Paste + Tow Fen yellow of fermented bean «Stee dram ~ tack soy sauce Ka pi_shvienp pases an important ingredient for cuties, soupe, salads and 4 Not nash Oyster sace 4 Goong eng - Dred simp Common Ingredients in ‘Thai Cuisine Corsten + gueag kiew wah ~ Green cusy paste: sade frea unmpe cules, which ‘pec of Ue green color and fay also incinde ers as pst of the tend + gaong leuang,— Yellows cusry pate; outnnstermesc, whch gies stack yellow calor Repel Raley rea, et Shor dried or frock red pe lor ‘ong with galangal and lemongrass. 1 peer Tete ‘Common Ingredients in ‘Thai Cuisine + Comte ~ ae aS Deimceee ee ‘caus deed creer eel eu fpf the Head and pclae eer anes twa some chile re es ree, fouted and ground peants eae its pace + peng som Orage usy este this Tes aighes proportion of shun and bs pealy weal a mates Cooking Methods + Traditional Thai cooking methods + Steaming - Neng. + Simmering/Stewing/ Braising “Toon + Baking, or + Grilling/Broiling - Yong | Chinese ialuences saw the introduction of + Stir frying ~Pad (uses less oil) dl + Deep-feying- TodCommon Cooking Utensils Kitchens for years. were originally brought by Thai ancestors who migrated from ‘ortho past of Thadland. ‘ee de rosalorand ean Bangkok areas the "fers count aro the Gino Bhraya iver + Nowy chang Nat are i huang tate, cool and « Northeast (asa) avast Plater bordered by the okong River, += Sonth, isa peninsula with the ‘Andaman Sea on one side an the Gulf of Thalanc'on Northern Cuisine The teaditional form of entertainment ithe north isthe Kantoke inne, the name derived trom Kan, os Beal and Toke, alow round table made of Sitting om the floor around the table, guests help themselves to the aezatel dishes placed on it tind reguilany replenished by the btentive hostess. Northern Cuisine 4 Norther food ss robust: ull of sharp country flavors and not sophisticated, ‘¢ Northern foodie distinguichaby Stlfnent an that cocomst plays an tncigauticant role in cooking + "Kino maow" = sticky rice isthe staple and dipped into liquid dishes. ‘¢ Food i heavier tan couthern foods, san ol 1 eet large quantities rit food age often tne {There is preference for meat and vegetable dishes, and offal and bile falco used. Northeastern Cuisine 4 The northesst past of Thailand is shatdlly dy, Bf ¢ leis tne poorest among the regions, [san (as Thais cll the pestheast) food is strange’ and some of he region's delicacies ane cextasnly ssa when ‘compared sit the abundance of other areas + grb worms sad grasshoppers, 1 ast cpge al cary anc 5 eee a pang.Northeastern Cuisine 4 Much northeastern cooking reflects the influence of| Laos just acrose the Mekong River. It resemble cooking of Laos: galing, dried beef and hesbs. + Root crops dishes and water bulfalo meat are staple| ingredients 4 Known for “lar,” a minced chicken and/or pork salad. It can be eaten rave (larb dip), but also after it ‘has been sti-tted fora shosttane (Hab sh. Fy © Dut (Laotian Cosiander) is widely used as a garnish and glitinous rice is preferred to the normal vate. ¢ Famented fich ic the main mixture to seasoning almost every dish but not for fred cooking and ‘ally supplement with fre vegetable, Bangkok Cuisine 4 Like Pans, food is taken very setiously Alunoet ll kinds of euicne f= ‘epresented here, Dishes are elaborately presented in the Royal sane. 4 Inoldea times, the royal women learne sich delicate arts as tractional That Focal decoration, and molding clay into ‘miniature dole, ‘¢ They leamed to prepare various foods snot only mose subtle sn favor bt highly memorable in visual appeal + The most visible of palace skills was the] act of fruit and vegetable carving | The Gulf of Thailand isthe county's seafaring region, and also Southeast ‘Asta’s largest shang port, + Seafood 45 the prominent mgredient swith vatiowe oboking methods and Preparations 4 Fish is salted, brined and fermented ito fist sance known as “wom pla,” which gives That food ite chharactertsie and sige flavor 2 Spices ate abo the favorite imgrediente which make the taste spicy salty and cour Central Plains Cuisine + The central past of Thailand isthe pa” plain and low land whore many vers pass by, thas the productivitics ago fostieall though the year both vegetables and fits 4 tis the natural sce bowl of Talend, which aks the frageant That Tasmine Bice” 4 Iti also known for “Kwetiow” Somat rones made from oe, “pa that + Food ase str net raps’ or bose a soup wath vegetables, ah balls and inl sheets Southern Cuisine + Southern cuisine is distinctly Malay ana Must, similar to Malaysia | Nametons southern recipes follow leans tod taboos. 4 The heavily spiced, rice dishes of the region are mugmentes with ‘chicken, dised sheimp and ermented fis are caimted to be tsadsonal fare by both counaies 4 Peesh caught teh ase weually ‘cooked in “curry, 1 Tour yom — A clear spicy and sour soup typically favored with galangal. emongrass, kaffirfime leaf nam prik and conianer + Goong —with shienp 2 Gai — with chicken 4 Kaen Som - Generally seters to sour soup with vegetables and other meat # Tow Klin Gat ~ Coconst Chicken Soup 4 Kuay Tiewo ~ Thai Noodle SoupFamous Thai Dishes Seen ae ae ae a aA pee Yam Neua - That Beet Salad © Yam som-o~ spicy poutelo salad | Som Thi = green papaya salad ‘with ime and chal dressing 4 Yam Woon Sen - Mongbean Glass] oodles and best silad Famous Thai Dishes + Kliao Pad - Thai Fsied Rice + Poo = sith crabmeat * Goong - wth shims + Moo = with pose ° + Remon Mit= mined meats ane vegetables ‘Kimo Pad Sopparod Thai ™ Pinoapple Fred Rice + Khino Kuk Kap - Thai Frid Rice, ‘with Shuimap Paste =. ‘Khao Mom Gai - Thai chicken and rice —_— + Gneng Haug Le - a pork belly curry vwith ginger tamarind, & turmeric, ‘© Gneng Pet Hoi Mang Phu - Thai Mussels with Red Cusry Sauce ‘© Gaeng Phanaeng ~Panane Coxxy “© Gaeng Massaman ~ Massaman. Cary 4 Khao sot = cusry broth with ogg noodles + Hor Mok Ma Prow Aw -Seatood Carry in Cocommt Famous Thai Dishes mane at Pate ti a) [Spe eat as a ena S| either flat noodles (sen yai rd na) 0: thin angel hair noodles (se ev mad na) | Pad See Ew —stictried noodes + Gaeng Kiew Wal ~ Green Cory + Gai Chicken + Neu Beet - ‘© Gai Hor Bai Toey ~ Chicken. 2 ae — + Gat Yang -Gailed Thai Chicken 9GoiTod-ThaiDeep-tied Chicken 6 GurPot sett atoog tn Aisin) chien Mire us Famous Thai Dishes + Pal muk tod ~ fried squid with garlic and satiteed prawns with chili 4 Tod mun goong Pravin cake (an + Tod mun pla ~Fish cakes 4 Pla pao kluen~Salt Crusted Grills Fish + Pad gyn pao ~ Mincod moat sis fried with holy basil + Satay ~ Grilled Seasoned Meat with, Peanut SauceFamous Thai Dishes + Khina Nieww Mamuang -Thai Mangoes and Sticky Rice ‘¢ Klanom Buang - Sweet Thai crepes — ‘¢ Tab Tim Grob -Water = chestmuts in Sweet Icy Coconut ‘Soup ‘Nam Kang Sai - Thai Shaved Iced Mixture + Kuay Tod ~ Banana Fritters ‘© Cha Yen - Thai iced Tea