Chapter 2

Introduction to the
Four (4) Basic Safety Courses

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 Chapter Objectives
At the end of the chapter the participants will
be able to identify the basic safety courses;
a)Basic Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting
b)Elementary First Aid
c)Personal Survival Techniques
d)Personal Safety and Social Responsibility

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Fire Prevention & Fire Fighting
Aims:
1. Instructing all seafarers of the dangers of fire
in ships.
2. Training seafarers, preferably before they
take up employment on a sea-going ship, in
the prevention and extinguishing of fires.
3. Training all seafarers in the theoretical and
practical aspects of fire fighting.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Causes of Fire Aboard Ship
1. CARELESS SMOKING
They usually occurs in instances such as:
1. Disposing of butts and matches
2. Smoking in bed
3. Smoking and alcohol
4. No smoking areas such as: cargo holds
and weather decks; engine and boiler
rooms; stowage and work spaces.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Causes of Fire Aboard Ship (2)

2. SPONTANEOUS IGNITION
An example of spontaneous ignition that
could easily occur aboard a vessel might
be a rag soaked with vegetable oil or paint
that has been discarded in the corner of a
work-shop storage area or engine room.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Causes of Fire Aboard Ship (3)
3. FAULTY ELECT. CIRCUITS & EQUIPMENT
The following causes are:
1. improper replacement of parts & equipment
2. wiring and fuses
3. jury rigging
4. exposed light bulbs
5. vapor tight fixtures
6. electric motors
7. engine room
8. charging storage batteries

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Causes of Fire Aboard Ship (4)
4. UNAUTHORIZED CONSTRUCTION
Space for stowage is always at a premium
aboard ship. There should be “a place for
everything, and everything in its place.”
This is itself a fire prevention measure,
provided the stowage is safe to start with.
But fires have resulted when stowed
materials came loose and fell or slid
across a deck in rough weather.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Causes of Fire Aboard Ship (5)
5. CARGO STOWAGE
6. GALLEY OPERATIONS
It is extremely important that the galley never
be left unattended when it is use:
1. Energy Sources
2. Ranges
3. Deep Fryers
4. Housekeeping

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Causes of Fire Aboard Ship (5)
7. FUEL OIL TRANSFER AND SERVICE
OPERATIONS
8. WELDING AND BURNING OPERATIONS.
SHORESIDE WORKERS, ABOARD FOR
CARGO MOVEMENT, REPAIR AND
MAINTENANCE
9. SHIPYARD OPERATIONS

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Elementary First Aid
FIRST AID
An immediate care given to a person who has
been injured or suddenly taken ill until medical
assistance is available.
OBJECTIVES
• To alleviate pain, suffering
• To prevent added further injury and danger
• To prolong and save life

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Elementary First Aid (2)
ROLES
 It is the bridge that fills the gap between the
victim and the physician.
 It is not intended to compete with, nor take
the place of the services of the physician.
 It ends when the services of a physician
begins.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
Characteristics - Good First Aider:

1. Observant – should notice all signs

2. Resourceful – should make the best use
of things at hand
3. Gentle – should not cause pain
4. Tactful – should not alarm the victim
5. Sympathetic – should be comforting

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal SurvivalTechnique (PST)

SURVIVAL – an action, ability or effort exerted

by a person or a group of person in order to
continue to live in the midst of a disastrous
situation.
- a struggle for existence.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Survival in General

Proper preparation and knowledge can give a

person a strong psychological edge to
overcome a survival situation. While no one
expects to be in such situation, one can
anticipate certain conditions that dramatically
increase the possibility.
The moment you board a vessel, either as a
passenger or a crew member, the odds of
finding your life in danger are increased.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Survival Means
S – Size up the Situation
U – Undue Haste Makes Waste
R – Remember where you are
V – Vanquish Fear and Panic
I – Improvise
V – Value Living
A – Act Wisely and Properly
L – Learn Basic Skills
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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR)
Emergency
Emergency is defined as an untimely
occurrence of happenings which if not
solved or remedied may result in disaster,
like loss of human lives or property.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (2)
Common Types of Emergencies on Board
1.Fire is the worse emergency on board
2.Flooding may be caused by grounding or collision..
3.Collision where a ship hit another ship. It often
leads to fire and flooding.
4.Grounding where a ship hit the bottom of the ship
and the body of water in it.
5. Man Over Board where a person falls from the ship
into water.
6. Abandon ship there is no chance to save the ship.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (3)
Important things to remember in case of
emergency
 Know your duties in case of emergency
 Be prepared – an emergency can arise at
any time
 Knowledge and training (including drills)
can give you the best chances to survive

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (4)
Important things to know
A. Muster Station Bill Card - shows the details of the
special duties to perform during emergency.
B. Muster List or Station Bill - this is a permanent
ship’s document that indicates the crew’s station,
duties and provision during emergencies, it is
posted the crew areas and along the alleyway.
C. Muster Station - meeting station/place for the
general alarm is sounded

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (5)
Entry into Enclosed Spaces
 Enclosed space - mechanical ventilation system
and which are not a usual place or work where the
atmosphere is dangerous
 Enclosed Space Entry - is one of the dangerous
operation on board ship.
 Enclosed Space Entry Permit - is an authority for
access or entry into a pre-determination enclosed
space

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (6)
Safety precautions
 Ensure that the wearer is properly trained to use it
 Check the equipment
 Check the face mask fits properly
 Check the cylinders are fully charged
 Never take out your mask in an enclosed space
 Establish communication system before entering
enclosed space

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (7)
Communication on board ship
Ship’s personnel are well prepared for the
routines and duties aboard ship and that they
understand the importance of
communication when living and working
together in closed contact aboard ship.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (8)
Human Relationship on Board Ship
Human Relationship is a man’s ability to
effectively interact / co – exist with his fellow
men or co – workers. When we speak of
human relationship, we must reflect on these
three perspective namely: man is relationship
to self, man in relationship on others and
man in relationship to his working
environment.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (9)
Importance of Good Human Relationship
 Promote harmony and understanding- at
home at work or anywhere else
 Confidence in oneself when dealing with
others
 Promote better motivation among
employees/shipmates
 Avail of some service or benefits not
ordinarily extended to others.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
 Personal Safety and Social
Responsibilities (PSSR) (10)
Effects of Poor Human Relations
 Problems at home – broken homes,
separation, misunderstanding among
relatives
 Problems at work area – demotions,
intrigues, termination of contract, etc.
 Problems in the community –
misunderstanding with neighbors,
misjudgment from people.

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College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management