‫بالل المهدي مفتاح‬

Example(1):

four power systems has submitted the following buy/sell offers to the broker

the maximum pool savings that are possible are:

𝑭𝒔𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 = ($𝟏𝟕𝟓𝟎 + $𝟔𝟕𝟓𝟎) − ($𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎 + $𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎) = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎$

the broker sets up the following transactions:

 A sells 100 MWh to D

 B sells 50 MWh to D and sells 50 MWh to C

The broker’s transactions:

the rates and total payments under a split-savings arrangement:

 Results:

 utility A receives $ 3500 /h from utility D

 utility A receives $ 1000 /h above its costs
 utility D saves $ 1375 /h
 utility B receives $ 3500 /h from utilities D and C
 utility B receives $ 500 /h above its costs
 utility C saves $ 125 /h
 note that each participant benefits from the transactions
the chief advantage of a broker system is its simplicity

Example(2):

reconsider the previous example of four utilities

 energy interchanges are scheduled by a central dispatching scheme
with 10% of the gross system’s savings are set aside to compensate
those utilities that provide transmission facilities to the pool
 table of increase, decreased costs, and the net saves:
 single clearing prices for buying & selling

Σ𝐹𝑖 ∗ 𝐸𝑖
𝐹̅ =
Σ𝐸𝑖
 seller’s weighted average incremental cost

($25/𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ 100𝑀𝑊ℎ) + ($30/𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ 100𝑀𝑊ℎ)

𝐹̅𝑠 = = $27.5/𝑀𝑊ℎ
100𝑀𝑊ℎ + 100𝑀𝑊ℎ

 buyer’s weighted average incremental cost

($35/𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ 50𝑀𝑊ℎ) + ($45/𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ 150𝑀𝑊ℎ)

̅̅̅
𝐹𝐵 = = $42.5/𝑀𝑊ℎ
150𝑀𝑊ℎ + 150𝑀𝑊ℎ
 calculation of individual utility savings
 area A sells 100 MWh to the pool

($42.5/𝑀𝑊ℎ − $25/𝑀𝑊ℎ)
𝑆1 = 100𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ ∗ 0.9 = $787.5
2

 area B sells 100 MWh to the pool

($42.5/𝑀𝑊ℎ − $30/𝑀𝑊ℎ)
𝑆2 = 100𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ ∗ 0.9 = $562.5
2

 area C buys 50 MWh from the pool

($35/𝑀𝑊ℎ − $27.5/𝑀𝑊ℎ)
𝑆3 = 50𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ ∗ 0.9 = $168.75
2

 area D buys 150 MWh from the pool

($45/𝑀𝑊ℎ − $27.5/𝑀𝑊ℎ)
𝑆4 = 150𝑀𝑊ℎ ∗ ∗ 0.9 = $1181.25
2

 total net savings for the four utilities

$787.5 + $562.5 + $168.75 + $1181.25 = $2700 𝑛𝑒𝑡

 the total transfer for this hour are then:

 C buys 50 MWh for ($42.5 *50 – 168.75) = $ 1956.25
 D buys 150 MWh for ($42.5 *150 – 1181.25) = $ 5193.75

subtotal $ 7150.00

 A sells 100 MWh for ($27.5 *100 + 787.50) = $ 3537.50

 B sells 100 MWh for ($27.5 *100 + 562.50) = $ 3312.50

subtotal $ 6850.00

 total transmission compensation charge: + $ 300

total $ 7150

the $ 300 that is set aside for transmission compensation is

split up among the four utility systems according to
agreements reflecting the transmission network contributions
to the pool’s network