ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

Effects of Frequency of Online Gaming to the Visual-Spatial Skills of Grade 12 Male

STEM Students in Jose C. Feliciano College Foundation School Year 2020-2021

Baluyut Thriztan Andrei G.

Rivera, Xianne Mary Grace

Cadiang, Feliza Mae
Capili, Deserie Mae
Dela Cruz, Aibe
Mcnamara, Hannah Mae
Pascua, Richelle Diaz

Jose C Feliciano College Foundation

ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

CHAPTER 1

1.1 Introduction

As time goes on, the world becomes more modern where technology seems to control
people. Technology is really powerful because using it can make people's work easier, for
example having machines and also easy to communicate with people far away from us.
According to Jackson (2015) digital native are people who have grown up with and used
technology since the day they were born. Millennial learners are considered to be a generation of
electronic multi-taskers and fast-paced learners.Aside from machines and technologies for
communicating, there are other technologies that can be used to lessen boredom and play some
games. Nowadays online games are the most popular. It serves as hobby for players.
According to the study of Bosler and Dostal (2015), boys with the age of 11 and 14 spend
174 minutes per day playing computer games and plays during their freetime while girls only
spend 82 minutes per day on average and some of the girls (11.3%) who play computer games
consider as their most favorite hobby.
Students mostly play online games most of them do not know what effect it has on them.
In behold of this study, our study entitled “Effects of Frequency of Online Gaming to the Visual-
Spatial Skills” aims to know how Grade 12 STEM students benefits by playing online games.
Besides, this study will help students and teachers at the Jose C. Feliciano College Foundation on
how to better understand the importance of knowledge in the impact of online games.
Online games actually force players to think properly. Especially, action games that
demand a user to apply quick decisions. Kids addicted to online gaming, when presented with
unusual queries, usually solve them instantly. This is not to improves their critical thinking, but
also teaches them the importance of trying different solutions for a given problem. Online games
are helping children to master many fields, such as learning the basics of grammar to solve math
problem without any old flash card. (Jeffrey Snodgrass, 2014)
The study of Leigh Hughes (2017), states that early exposure of children on video games
will help them develop and improve their visual spatial skills. Technology will also help to
improve this skill. An experiment was conducted and the researchers used technology-based
tools. It was concluded that those tool can actually help improve the visual spatial skill of an
individual. They also found out that video games can actually be used as complementary activity
in visual spatial development. (Gonzales et. Al, 2016). Video games also help a player to
improve his ability and skills in terms of multitasking and other activities that they encounter
every day. It helps to develop one’s vulnerability of what’s going on their surroundings.
(Rochester, 2010)
As stated by Dennis O. Dumrique and Jennifer Castillo (2018) Some games such as
puzzled games develops different skills. It helps the mind of the players to be more active,
especially those puzzle-based games. In additional, online games help the player to make
decisions by the help of adventure games that keep the players to be alert, active and strategic.
ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

"Students possess different kinds of minds and perception to learn, remember, perform
and understand in different ways. "We are all able to know the world through language, logical-
mathematical analysis, spatial representation, musical thinking, the use of the body to solve
problems or to make things an understanding of other individuals and an understanding of
ourselves" (Gardner, 1991). Where individuals differ is in the strength of these intelligences
called profile of intelligences and in the ways which are combined to carry out different tasks,
solve diverse problems and progress in various situations.
Multiple intelligences refers to a different ways students learn and acquire information.
Intelligence where range from the use of words, numbers, pictures and music to the essence of
social interactions, physical movement and being in nature. "Multiple intelligences, it is the
proposition that individuals have the potential to develop a combination of different
intelligences, or spheres of intelligence that proposition is discussed on Gardner’s theory that an
individual’s cognitive capacity cannot be showed adequately in once measurement, such as an IQ
score. It is important to note that within this theory, every person possesses all intelligences to
some instances" (Nuzzi, 2015).
The visual and spatial skills is a skill that is needed and is used in everyday activities.
This skill was practiced at a young age and is used in completing basic and complicated
activities. It all started when a child starts reading numbers and letters, solving puzzles,
familiarizing themselves with various dance steps and even locating their way back home.
(Kelly, 2014) According to Serena Wieder, PhD and Harry Wachs, OD (2018), children with
poor visual spatial skill might face difficulties in his performance in class. This skill is important
to be enhanced even at a young age because it is necessary in performing simple tasks. The
visual spatial skill is essential in the new learning today. This is used in comprehending
information through different aspects and dimensions. It also is used in studying, working and
doing simple and hard tasks. This skill can be refined by experiences and being aware of
surroundings (Babu & Ganesan, 2019).
Visual-spatial intelligence refers to a person's ability to perceive, analyze, and understand
visual information in the world around them. Specifically, they can picture concepts with their
mind's eye. "People with high visual-spatial intelligence are good at remembering images, faces,
and fine details. They are able to visualize objects from different angles" (Williams, 2015).
People with high visual-spatial skill also have good spatial understanding and reasoning. They
are able to accurately judge the distance between themselves and an object. They are skilled at
using their ability to visualize and their spatial judgement to complete tasks and projects that
includes creativity.
As stated by Isabela Granic, Adam Lobel, and Rutger C. M. E. Engels, (2014) Video
games today develop in the near future and it is socially interactive. The benefits of video games
promote well-being, prevention and treatment of mental health problem. Researcher said there
are very few video games that have been developed in mind.
The use of video games is combining digital game-based learning and education content.
Digital games are designed for educational purposes and have the capability to engage a diverse
ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

of learning styles and behaviors. Who proves that digital game-based learning increases various
abilities connected to cognition such as perception, reasoning, critical thinking, spatial navigation
and memory retention. (Patrick E. Turner, 2018)
People should minimize their time using digital media. Two hours in a day is enough
time to spend on it. For teenagers, spending 5 hours in playing video games is too much and they
should spend more time socializing with friends or doing entertaining and reproductive tasks that
doesn’t require digital media. (Twenge, 2018)
 ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE
1.2 Conceptual Framework
INPUT
1. Online games as a
factors that leads
to the
development of
visual – spatial
2. The top online
games of grade 12
STEM students of
JCFC
3. Average time a
student plays
online games
PROCESS OUTPUT
1. The researchers 1. The researchers
will conduct a will determined if
online survey to the frequency of
know the top online gaming has
online games in positive or
JCFC. negative effects to
2. The researchers the visual spatial
will conduct their skills of grade 12
survey wherein stem students.
the researchers 2. The researchers
will use aptitude can recommend
research various activities
instrument such that can help
test. develop visual –
3. The researchers spatial skills of
will interpret and STEM students.
analyze as
standardized the
gathered data.
ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

1.3 Theoretical Framework

As years go by, great number of theories about intelligence has been generated by

numerous academic professionals and one of the most famous theory of them all was formulated

by developmental psychologist Howard Gardner in 1983. Gardner suggested that is not solely

based on one factor. The psychologist proposed eight factors of intelligence.

According to Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence, visual – spatial skill is the

ability of a person to be aware of their surroundings and the ability to remember images easily.

People with visual - spatial skill has a keen sense of direction and they can visualize shapes,

distance and measurement. The theory of Howard Gardner also explains that visual - spatial

intelligence can be taught through drawing, verbal and visual images and there are different tools

to learn more about visual – spatial intelligence including graphics, video and three dimensional

modeling.

Provided with such knowledge, the researchers are determined to find out if STEM students

can enhance their visual- spatial intelligence through playing the current top online games for

long periods of time.

ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

1.4 Statement of the problem

This study aims to determine the relationship of the frequency of online gaming of STEM

students to the development of their visual – spatial competencies and to answer the following

questions.

1. What are the top 2 online games in JCFC grade 12 STEM students?

2. What is the respondent’s frequency rate in playing online games?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the frequencies of online gaming to the visual -

spatial intelligence of the gamers?

1.5 Hypothesis

The higher the frequency of online gaming the lower the visual spatial skills of grade 12 stem

students

1.6 Purpose of the Study

This study aims to evaluate the relationship of online gaming habit and visual-spatial

intelligence and how playing online games affect the visual-spatial competencies of STEM

students.

1.7 Significance of the Study

The data that this study provides, will let individual be informed about the possible effect

of online gaming to individual’s visual spatial competencies and will also provide further

knowledge if there is a relation between the frequency of online gaming and visual spatial

intelligence.
ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

The researchers believe that this study will be a great help to STEM students due to the

possibility that online gaming could develop a person’s visual-spatial intelligence; a factor that is

beneficial in science, engineering and mathematicians.

As for the second beneficiary, it will be the gamers because their hobby of playing online

games will be justified due to the possible development of their visual spatial intelligence.

This study will also benefit the community, for visual spatial intelligence is important to

people as it helps them in solving everyday activities. Therefore, if there is a possible effect of

online games to visual spatial intelligence they can help increase their visual spatial reasoning

through simple online gaming for it will be helpful in wide array of ways.

Lastly for the future researchers, this study will serve as their basis in conducting a

research that is aligned to this topic.

1.8 Scope and Limitation

The scope of this study will only on the relationship of frequency of playing popular games

to the visual spatial intelligence. The respondents will be 30 male STEM students, 10 coming

from each STEM sections that will be conducted at Jose C. Feliciano College Foundation. The

respondents must play at least one of the top 2 online games. Also the study will be focusing on

the visual – spatial intelligence of Howards Gardner theory of multiple intelligence only, other

factors of intelligence will not be included.

1.9 Definition of Terms

ONLINE GAMING AND VISUAL–SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE

Online games - Online games can range from simple text based environments to games

incorporating complex graphics and virtual worlds populated by many players simultaneously.

Video games - A video game is essentially the same form of entertainment, but refers not only to

games played on a personal computer, but also to games run by a console or arcade machine.

Digital native - A digital native is an individual who was born after the widespread adoption of

digital technology.

Visual – spatial intelligence - the ability to visualize the world accurately, modify their

surroundings based upon their perceptions, and recreate the aspects of their visual experiences.

People with high visual-spatial intelligence are good at remembering images, faces, and fine

details