ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE

NAME: PEARL JAIN

CLASS: SYBA

DIVISION: B

ROLL NO. : 269

YEAR: 2021-2022

SEMESTER: IV

SUBJECT: FOUNDATION COURSE

MOBILE NO.: 9004112512

EMAIL ID: pearlpritha@gmail.com

The term artificial intelligence was coined by John McCarthy in the year 1956 and he defined
it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.

According to the modern definition, Artificial intelligence is the study and design of
intelligent agents where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and
takes actions which maximizes its chances of success.
WHY DO WE NEED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ?

The involvement of artificial intelligence is mainly due to the increasing population. Every
client has some or the other problems arising on a daily basis and it is humanly impossible to
actually solve problems of each and every client in a given time frame and as a result of
which there is a use of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is basically the analysis of
human processes by machines (computer systems).

We require artificial intelligence mainly because the amount of work that we as individuals
have been doing and has to be completed increases day by day and so in order to make it
simpler, artificial intelligence is much needed.

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

1] REACTIVE MACHINES

The artificial intelligence technologies are mostly reactive, and do not have the ability to
form memories or use prior encounters to guide current decisions. Deep Blue, IBM's chess-
playing supercomputer, is an example of this type of machine.

The computer views the world directly and behaves on what it sees in this type of
intelligence. It does not rely on an internalized worldview. Rodney Brooks, an AI researcher,
argued in a seminal paper that we must only create machines like this. People aren't very
good at encoding accurate simulated worlds for computers to use, which is referred to as a
representation of the world in AI scholarship.

2] LIMITED MEMORY

By observing actions or data, limited memory AI learns from the history and develops
experiences and knowledge. This type of AI makes predictions and performs complicated
classification tasks by incorporating historical, observational data with which was before
information. It is presently the most widely used type of AI.

Autonomous cars, for example, use limited memory AI to observe the speed and direction of
other vehicles, allowing them to "read the road" and adjust as needed. They are safer on the
roads because of this process of understanding and interpreting incoming data.

3] THEORY OF MIND

In this type of Artificial intelligence, the machines will be able to make decisions in the same
way that humans do. Theory of mind AI-enabled machines will be able to recognize and
remember emotions, and adjust their behavior in response to those feelings when they engage
with people.

4] SELF-AWARE AI

Self-aware AI is the most improved type of artificial intelligence. When machines can be
aware of their own emotions, as well as the feelings of others around them, they will have a
form of awareness and intelligence which is similar to the human beings. This AI also has its
own desires, needs, and emotions.

FUTURE OF AI

In India, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a bright potential in future. Energy, retail,
manufacturing etc are industries that will benefit greatly from Artificial intelligence which as
a result will give more and larger opportunities to the Artificial Intelligence experts. At first,
Indian IT companies and tech startups must keep updating their technologies and develop AI
capabilities at a corporate level. The right skilling is regarded as the most significant element
in the improvement of technology adoption success. In the year 2020, approximately 2 lakh
jobs in the industry were expected, assuming rapid adoption of AI for industry.

NITI Aayog launched a strong approach to Artificial Intelligence in India in June 2018. The
report provides an idea of the roadmap and also the government's strategy for developing the
sector in the country. Artificial Intelligence is expected to help the country develop
economically while also contributing significantly to public growth if it is implemented
properly.

Many startups have sprung up in cities such as Bengaluru, New Delhi, Hyderabad, and
Mumbai that use artificial intelligence to improve customer service. Multilingual chatbots,
online shopping assistance, and automated client data evaluation evaluation are all part of
one‘s product line. E-commerce, ed-tech, healthcare, financial technology, and other
industries have benefited from the organizations' efforts. The overall performance of these
companies has been promising, despite the fact that they are still in their infancy.

Colorization which basically means the transition of a white and black video or an image to a
color video or image, image super-resolution i.e. the scaling of a small picture to 8-16 times
its original resolution, and face 3D reconstruction were all performed using modern AI
technologies. To locate a specific vehicle, Artificial intelligence scanned 150 terabytes of
automobile traffic video clips. This was enough to track down a list of suspects and detain
them in a month.

India currently is an ineffective state and it could be called the same for the next few years as
well or artificial intelligence will aid us to become effective. Artificial Intelligence as of now
has not arrived at a level where it has the ability to alter the comfort of human existence and
Indians need human touch in every aspect but there’s also something called as a Constant
flux.

PROS AND CONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

PROS:

1] HUMAN ERROR IS LESS LIKELY

Artificial intelligence makes decisions based on earlier collected data and a set of algorithms.
As a result, errors can be minimized, and the possibility of achieving greater quality,
reliability and accuracy is increased.

2] HELP DECREASE DANGERS

By constructing an AI Robot that can do risky things for us, we can resolve many of society's
risky limitations. It can be used effectively in any type of natural or man-made disaster,
whether it is defusing a bomb, investigating the deepest parts of the oceans, mining for coal
and oil.

3] FUNCTIONING REPEATED DUTIES

We humans will be doing a lot of repetitive tasks in our day-to-day work, such as sending
thank you letters, double-checking documents for errors, and so on. We can use artificial
intelligence to usefully simplify such routine things and even remove "dull" tasks from
humans' schedules, enabling them to be far more creative.

CONS:

1] EXPENSIVE

Because Artificial Intelligence is evolving on a daily basis the hardware and software have to
be changed and updated frequently so that they keep up with the newest requirements. These
Machines also involve repair and maintenance, both of which incur massive costs. Since
these machines are extremely complex, their creation also necessitates higher costs.

2] UNEMPLOYMENT

Human influence has become less as AI substitutes the most of of repetitive work as well as
other duties with robots, creating a significant problem in employment laws. Every industry
has begun to replace minimum-qualified employees with AI robots that can perform similar
tasks more efficiently.

3] LACK OF INTELLIGENCE

Machineries can only perform the tasks that they are designed for or encoded. Anything else
out of that, causes them to collapse or produce irrelevant results, which can be a major
distraction.

KEY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVES OF THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT

o In order to increase AI, IoT, data science, data security, deep learning, and robotic
systems, the Indian government increased funding for Digital India to $477 million in
the year 2020. India's digital approach aims to increase internet accessibility by
encouraging e-governance, e-education, e-health, etc.

o AI INITIATIVE BETWEEN THE US AND INDIA

 The US-India Artificial Intelligence Initiative was launched on March 18, 2021 by the
Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) to enhance Advancement by
sharing thoughts and concepts, recognizing great possibilities in research and
innovation, and bilateral collaboration.

o RESPONSIBLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR CHILDREN AND TEENS

Responsible AI for Youngsters is a government initiative for school systems that
seeks to empower younger generation to become AI-ready and close India's skill gap.
The platform, which was created by MeitY's National e-Governance Division, enables
the students to develop a new-age digital mindset and meaningful technical skills.

o MCA
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs recently launched MCA 21, version 3.0 which was
a new version of its portal, in May 2021. It will make use of cutting-edge technologies
such as data analytics, artificial intelligence etc to make the process easier for
businesses.
This was done to make business easier and to keep track of compliance. The MCA21
version 3.0 would not only improve existing programs and modules, but will also
introduce new features such as risk and compliance, advanced helpdesk, constructive
criticism services, user dashboards, self-reporting tools according to the company.

o ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SCHOOLS

AI is now included in the Indian school curriculum as part of the National Education
Policy (NEP) 2020. In compliance with The National Education Policy 2020, the
National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has begun the
process of developing a new national syllabus for school education, during which the
adoption of a new artificial intelligence course at the secondary level would be
investigated.

In conclusion, I think artificial intelligence [AI] is one of the areas of life which will never
fail to fascinate us humans with new ideas and will keep developing more everyday. There
have been many significant efforts that have been made to develop and succeed in the market.