SHEPHERDVILLE COLLEGE

Talojongon, Tigaon, Camarines Sur

College of Education Department
Second Semester
AY 2021 – 2022

NSTP-CWTS II
THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING
PROGRAM:
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE

MODULE IV

MONINA V. AZUELA, LPT

INSTRUCTOR

A. INTRODUCTION
This module presents the concept of community and community needs assessment.
It primarily focuses on conducting a community needs assessment necessary for
determining areas for improvement, solving problems, and developing goals.

B. COMPETENCY # 4: COMMUNITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT

Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
a. explain the concept of the community;
b. identify the purpose of a community needs assessment; and
c. outlines the process in conducting a community needs assessment.
Definition of key words
Community – is simply defined as people with common interests living together
in the same place. This term is derived from the old French word comunite and the
latin term communitas which are broad terminologies for fellowship, commonness,
unstructured society, or organized society.
Community needs assessment – is the process in which the problems, issues, and
concerns of the community are identified by using several tools.
Needs assessment survey – is conducted to identify community needs which are
necessary for subsequent actions. This survey contains a set questions to be
answered by people in the community through personal or telephone interview,
online or face-to-face surveys, or email or written correspondences.
Knowing the Community
The most common and simplest definition of community is that it is an aggregation
of families and individuals who have settled in a compact and contiguous
geographical area and share significant elements of common life as shown in their
manners, customs, traditions, and modes of speech. For Manalili (2009),
acommunity refers to an organization of people who are able to undertake projects
based on its members’ experience, resiliency, motivation, and willingness to learn.
In archeology, community is understood in two ways. First, it is a place where
people actually reside in, an idea quite similar to the concept of ancient settlement.
Second, it is a group of individuals who live near and interact with each other. An
active community is an organization of people who strategize, conceptualize,
implement,
and evaluate a program. The definition of a community may vary, but certain
commonalities are noticeable when explaining and describing the concepts.
In Genesis 1:27 of the Old Testament, the word community encompasses all God’s
creation in the universe, including man and woman, whom he created in His own
image. He allowed them to have dominion over all living things and other natural
creations. In addition, God placed the first man and woman in the Garden of Eden
so it could be guarded and cultivated. Man and woman are not created to live in
isolation from one another. The first framework established in understanding the
essence of a community concentrates on the relationship of the Lord with His
creation.
Sociological Concept of a Community
Sociologically speaking, the family is the smallest unit of the society. It is
composed of the immediate and non-immediate members, while a community is
composed of different families who live in the same place and share the same
interests. The activities of a family that are also conducted by a community include
sharing common resources, working for the common good, and building
harmonious relationships.
These central qualities of a family are also the basic building blocks of any
community. It is believed that stronger families help develop stronger
communities. An individual person can form a family, a family can form a
community, and a community can form a nation.
SAQ #1: What is a community? Explain in your own words the sociological
concept of a community. (4 % of class standing)
Aesthetic and Moral Values of a Community
The aesthetic and moral values of a community consist of the guiding and
sometimes paradoxical ideas that its members hold, e.g., how they know what is
good from bad, beautiful from ugly, and right from wrong. The justifications for
the set values of communities are necessary in explaining their actions. As a
community develops, its values change. A change in values may result from
innovations in technology or the social hierarchy. Examples of values include
solidarity, commitment, mutuality, and trust.
It was Greek philosopher Aristotle who first postulated the concept of community
as a group established by people with shared values. That initial definition has
been refined and expanded throughout the years. It has been recognized, for
example, that people can belong to different types of communities:
(1) communities of place, in which people are linked in the geographical sense;
(2) communities of memory, in which people who may technically be strangers
share a morally significant history; and
(3) communities of face-to-face personal interaction, in which people are governed
by sentiments of trust, cooperation, and altruism.
Community Needs Assessment
A community needs assessment is a process in which the problems, issues, and
concerns of the community are identified by using several tools. Needs assessment,
social analysis, or community diagnosis is a concrete basis for the formulation of
programs. It reflects the sentiments, needs, aspirations, and recommendations of
the community. It becomes significant when conducted as the students get
integrated with the people. Assessing the needs of the community is a prelude to
effective program implementation. It hopes to solve the problems, issues, and
concerns of the people in the locality.
In determining the areas for improvement in a community, the following steps
should be taken:
1. Gather information about the community’s attitudes and opinions in order of
importance.
2. Determine how citizens rank local issues, problems, and opportunities.
3. Give the citizens voice in determining policies, goals, and priorities.
4. Evaluate current programs and policies.
5. Speculate on what the people are thinking and what they may really want.
Steps in Conducting a Community Needs Assessment
The steps in conducting a needs assessment as follows:
1. Establish a working committee to solicit community involvement and develop
plan of action.
2. List important aspects or areas that need to be analyzed.
3. Identify the population to be surveyed.
4. Determine the information needed.
5. Select a random sample of people to survey.
6. Develop and pre-test a questionnaire.
7. Collate the information gathered.
8. Analyze the data.
9. Go back to the community to validate the results or findings.
10. Finalize the report.
SAQ #2: What are the different types of communities where people belong?
(3% of class standing)
Data Gathering Methods for Community Needs Assessment
1. Focus group discussion (FGD) by key informants
The key informants of the community are the people who hold socially relevant
positions such as educators, public officials, clergymen, business representatives,
or volunteers.
2. Community forum/assembly
This involves holding group events which include the entire community. Such
events give visibility to the leaders and raise the status of the community; however,
they require extensive planning and publicity. Participatory action research uses
this method effectively.
3. Public records
Public records like the national census provide social and demographic data of the
community. The data include the profile of the population such as age, gender,
educational level, among others.
4. Survey
Survey and questionnaires involve asking individuals in the community about their
everyday needs. These can be implemented through the following:
a. Mailing questionnaires to randomly selected members of the community
b. Doing telephone surveys
c. Handing out survey during assemblies
d. Posting questionnaires on the internet
Needs Assessment Survey
A needs assessment survey is conducted to identify community needs which are
necessary for subsequent actions. This survey contains a set of questions to be
answered by people in the community through personal or telephone interview,
online or face-to-face surveys, or email or written correspondences. The following
data are gathered in a needs assessment survey:
1. Historical data
2. Geographical data
3. Political and legal data
4. Demographic data (e.g., age, size, race, growth patterns, and population
distribution)
5. Economic data (e.g., the nature of the economic base in relation to the social,
cultural, educational, moral, and cultural superstructure)
Roles of the Community in a Need Assessment
The roles of the community in a need assessment are as follows:
1. Help identify interest groups and citizens who can be a part of working
committees.
2. Facilitate a group discussion to determine important issues and priorities.
3. Select the sample to be surveyed and design a system to identify respondents.
4. Provide a pool of questions from which the working committees draw upon in
addressing issues and concerns.
5. Design a way of distributing and collecting survey questionnaires and encoding
and analyzing the resulting data.
6. Provide summary reports of data.
7. Suggest programs whereby results can be reported and strategies on community
involvement solicited.
8. Work with citizens to come up with well-informed course of action.
SAQ #3: What are the methods in gathering data for community needs
assessment. (3% of class standing)
C. SUMMARY
A community needs assessment identifies the strengths and resources available in
the community to meet the needs of children, youth, and families. Community
assessment is a systematic examination of the community status indicators for a
given population that is used to identify key problems and assets in a community.
 D. REFERENCES
Book: Herminigildo S. Villasoto, Noemie S. Villasoto, and Maristela B.
Roxas. Service-learning and immersion towards community building: NSTP-
CWTS 2 work text for college students. 2nd edition. Quezon City: C & E
Publishing, Inc., Copyright 2019.
Website: 1987 Philippine Constitution. Official Gazette of the Republic of
the Philippines. Retrieved from http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-
constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines
E. EVALUATION (10% of class standing)
1. How, then, can a community be understood at the beginning of the 21 st century?
What will its future be in the time to come? (5%)
2. Discuss the social and aesthetic dimensions of a community. (5%)

SHEPHERDVILLE COLLEGE
Talojongon, Tigaon, Camarines Sur
College of Education Department
Second Semester
AY 2021 – 2022
_________________NSTP – CWTS II_____________________
MODULE IV SAQ Answer Sheets
Name: ESTRABILLA, KYLA DANISH C. Course/Year:1M BSED SCIENCE
Date:04-16-2022
Contact No.: _______Subject:_____________________Teacher:_______________________

SAQ #1: What is a community? Explain in your own words the sociological concept of a
community. (4 % of class standing)
ASAQ:
In sociology, we define community as a group who follow a social structure within a society
(culture, norms, values, status). They may work together to organise social life within a particular
place, or they may be bound by a sense of belonging sustained across time and space.
Sociologically speaking, the family is the smallest unit of the society. It is composed of the
immediate and non-immediate members, while a community is composed of different families who
live in the same place and share the same interests. The activities of a family that are also conducted
by a community include sharing common resources, working for the common good, and building
harmonious relationships.

SAQ #2: What are the different types of communities where people belong? (3% of class standing)
ASAQ:
(1) communities of place, in which people are linked in the geographical sense;
(2) communities of memory, in which people who may technically be strangers share a morally
significant history; and
(3) communities of face-to-face personal interaction, in which people are governed by sentiments of
trust, cooperation, and altruism.
SAQ #3: What are the methods in gathering data for community needs assessment. (3% of class
standing)
ASAQ:
1. Focus group discussion (FGD) by key informants
The key informants of the community are the people who hold socially relevant positions such as
educators, public officials, clergymen, business representatives, or volunteers.
2. Community forum/assembly
This involves holding group events which include the entire community. Such events give visibility to the
leaders and raise the status of the community; however, they require extensive planning and publicity.
Participatory action research uses this method effectively.
3. Public records
Public records like the national census provide social and demographic data of the community. The data
include the profile of the population such as age, gender, educational level, among others.
4. Survey
Survey and questionnaires involve asking individuals in the community about their everyday needs.
These can be implemented through the following:
a. Mailing questionnaires to randomly selected members of the community
b. Doing telephone surveys
c. Handing out survey during assemblies
d. Posting questionnaires on the internet

SHEPHERDVILLE COLLEGE
Talojongon, Tigaon, Camarines Sur
College of Education Department
Second Semester
AY 2021 – 2022
__________________NSTP – CWTS II____________________
 MODULE IV EVALUATION Answer Sheets

Name: _______________________Course/Year:___________________Date:_____________
Contact No.: _______Subject:_____________________Teacher:_______________________

EVALUATION (10% of class standing)

Directions: Answer the following questions.
1. How, then, can a community be understood at the beginning of the 21 st century? What will its future be
in the time to come? (5%)
Answer:A community is a formal or informal group with a common history or culture. The community
can be based around a geographic area, trait, or topic of interest. Communities come in the form of:
Families,ethnic groups,civic organizations,governments,informal and formal social groups
educational institutions,colleagues,causes,geographical locations / neighborhoods"
A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as norms, religion, values,
customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a
country, village, town, or neighbourhood) or in virtual space through communication platforms.
There should be education, housing, healthcare for all. There should be better treatment of animals. There
should be more openness towards ideas that conflict our own. We should end global warming, crime, war,
racism, terrorism, cancer, pollution, poverty, climate change and more.
2. Discuss the social and aesthetic dimensions of a community. (5%)
Answer:
The aesthetic-value dimension of community is the structure of ideas, sometimes paradoxical,
inconsistent, or contradictory, that people have about good and bad, about beautiful and ugly, and about
right and wrong, which are the justifications that people cite to explain their actions. while, The social or
institutional dimension of community is composed of the ways people act, interact between each other,
react, and expect each other to act and interact. It includes such institutions as marriage or friendship,
roles such as mother or police officer, status or class, and other patterns of human behaviour

Prepared by:
MONINA V. AZUELA, LPT
Instructor