UNIT 12.

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

Annual Exam – 2014
9. Mention the hybridized state of carbonyl carbon atom. 1
16. Explain Rosenmund’s reduction of benzoyl chloride. 2
34.a) i) How do you convert benzoic acid to benzamide? Write the reaction. 2
ii) Complete the reaction:
OH

CO, HCl 1
Anhyd. AlCl3/ HCl

b) What happens when carbonyl compounds are treated with hydrazine? Write the reaction 2
Supplementary Exam – 2014
9. Give the IUPAC name of 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻𝑂. 1
16. How are carboxylic acids prepared from nitriles? 2
34.a) Write equations for 3
i) The reaction between carboxylic acid and 𝑃𝐶𝑙5
ii) The reaction between formaldehyde and conc. KOH
iii) The formation of oxime from carbonyl compounds
b) Explain aldol condensation with an example. 2
Annual Exam – 2015
9. 𝑃𝑑 −𝐵𝑎𝑆𝑂 4 1
Name the reaction. 𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2 𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶𝐻𝑂
16. Identify A and B in the following reaction. 2𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶𝐻𝑂 + 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 𝑨 + 𝑩 2
34.a) Write the organic compound formed in the following equations. 3
𝐴𝑛 ℎ𝑦𝑑 .𝐴𝑙𝐶𝑙 3
i) 𝐶6 𝐻6 + 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝑙
ii) 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻3 + 𝑁𝐻2 𝑂𝐻 →
𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑒𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑟 ,𝐻3 𝑂 +
iii) 𝐶𝐻3 𝑀𝑔𝐵𝑟 + 𝐶𝑂2
b) Explain HVZ (Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky) reaction with equation. 2
Supplementary Exam – 2015
9. Which oxidizing agent is used in Etard reaction? 1
16. How is carboxylic acid prepared from Grignard reagent? 2
34.a) How would you prepare acetaldehyde from acetyl chloride. Name the reaction 3
b) Name the reagent used in conversion of ketone to hydrocarbon. Name the reaction.
c) Acetaldehyde does not undergo Cannizzaro’s reaction. Why? 2
Annual Exam – 2016
9. Give reason: Acetophenone does not react with saturated sodium bisulphate solution. 1

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16. Explain Clemmensen reduction with an example. 2
34.a) What is crossed aldol condensation reaction? Give an example. 2
b) Explain decarboxylation reaction with an example. 2
c) What is the major product of the following reaction? 1
∆
𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 + 𝑁𝐻3 →
Annual ReExam – 2016
9. Complete the following chemical reaction. 1
> 𝐶 = 𝑂 + 𝑁𝐻2 𝑂𝐻 → ___ + 𝐻2 𝑂
16. What is the action of dil. NaOH on ethanol (acetaldehyde)? Name the reaction. 2
34.a) Explain the mechanism of addition of HCN to carbonyl group in presence of a base 3
b) How is benzamide obtained from benzoic acid? 2
Supplementary Exam – 2016
9. Complete the following chemical reaction. 1
1.𝐴𝑙𝑘𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂 4 ,2.𝐻3 𝑂 +
𝑅𝐶𝐻2 𝑂𝐻
16. Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones towards nucleophilic addition reactions. 2
Give any two reasons.
34.a) i) How does benzaldehyde reacts with acetophenone in presence of a dilute alkali? 3
ii) Name the product formed when acetaldehyde reacts with HCN.
b) Among formic acid and acetic acid, which is more acidic? Give reason. 2
Annual Exam – 2017
9. Formaldehyde (HCHO) undergoes Cannizzaro reaction. Give reason. 1
16. What is the action of ammonia (𝑁𝐻3 ) on benzoic acid? Write equation. 2
34.a) How benzene is converted into benzaldehyde by Gatterman-Koch reaction? Write equation. 2
b) Complete and name the following reaction. 2
𝑍𝑛 −𝐻𝑔,𝐻𝐶𝑙
>𝐶=𝑂
c) What is the effect of electron withdrawing group on the acidity of carboxylic acids? 1
Supplementary Exam – 2017
9. Write the IUPAC name of 𝐶𝐻2 = 𝐶𝐻 − 𝐶𝐻𝑂. 1
16. Among methanoic acid and ethanoic acid, which is more acidic and why? 2
34.a) Complete the reactions. 3
𝑝𝑑 −𝐵𝑎𝑆𝑂 4
i) 𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2
ii) 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻3 + 𝑁𝐻2 𝑂𝐻 →
273−278 K
iii) 𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶𝐻𝑂 + 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 /𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
c) Explain Cannizzaro’s reaction with an example. 2

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Annual Exam – 2018
9. Ethanal (𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻𝑂) undergoes aldol condensation reaction. Give reason. 1
16. Explain the preparation of carboxylic acids from Grignard reagent. Give equation. 2
34.a) a) Explain Rosenmund reduction with equation. 2
b) How does propanone (𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻3 ) reacts with hydrazine? Give equation. 2
c) Name an oxidizing agent used in the Etard’s reaction. 1
Supplementary Exam – 2018
9. Write the IUPAC name of 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻2 𝐶𝐻2 𝐶𝐻3 . 1
16. Explain Cannizzaro reaction with an example. 2
34.a) Explain esterification reaction with an example. 2
b) Complete the following equations.
𝑍𝑛 −𝐻𝑔,𝐻𝐶𝑙 1
i) 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻3
𝐻3 𝑂 + ,∆ 1
ii) 𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶𝑂𝑁𝐻2
1
𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 +𝐶𝑎𝑂 ,∆
iii) 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝑁𝑎
Annual Exam – 2019
9. What is the reagent ‘A’ used in the following reaction? 1
𝐴
𝑅 − 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 → 𝑅 − 𝐶𝐻2 𝑂𝐻
16. Write the equation for the reaction between benzaldehyde and concentrated 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 solution. 2
Name the reaction.
34.a) How does benzene reacts with acetyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous 𝐴𝑙𝐶𝑙3 ? Give 2
equation.
b) i) Write the general equation for esterification reaction. 2
ii) Name the product obtained when benzoic acid is heated with ammonia.
c) Name the reagent used in the Clemmensen reduction. 1
Supplementary Exam – 2019
9. 𝐶𝑂, 𝐻𝐶𝑙 1
Name the following reaction. 𝐶଺𝐻
଺
6 6 − − − − − − −→ 𝐶଺ 𝐻5 𝐶𝐻𝑂
6଺
𝐴𝑛ℎ𝑦𝑑. 𝐴𝑙𝐶𝑙3 /𝐶𝑢𝐶𝑙
16. 2
34.a) Complete the following equations: 2
1. 𝐴𝑙𝑘. 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4
i) 𝑅𝐶𝐻2 𝑂𝐻− − − − − − −→
2. 𝐻3 𝑂+
𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 +𝐶𝑎𝑂 ,∆
ii) 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝑁𝑎
b) Explain aldol condensation reaction for acetaldehyde. Write equation. 2

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 c) What is formalin solution? 1
Annual Exam – 2020
9. Identify ‘A’ in the following reaction. 1
𝑍𝑛 −𝐻𝑔,𝐻𝐶𝑙
>𝐶=𝑂 𝐴 + 𝐻2 𝑂
16. Explain Cannizzaro’s reaction taking benzaldehyde as an example 2
34.a) How is benzoyl chloride converted into benzaldehyde. Write the equation and name the 2
reaction.
b) Write the general equation for the formation of carboxylic acid from Grignard reagent. 2
c) Complete the reaction: 𝑅𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝑋 1
3

Supplementary Exam – 2020

9. Give the IUPAC name of 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝐻3 1
16. Write Wolff-Kishner’s reduction for the conversion of carbonyl group into –CH2– group. 2
34.a) Write the name of the following reactions: 3
i)
COCl CHO

H2
Pd-BaSO2

ii)
CH3 CHO

1. CrO2Cl2

2. H3O+

iii)
CHO

CO, HCl
Anhyd. AlCl3/ HCl

b) Among 4-nitro benzoic acid and 4-methoxy benzoic acid, which is more acidic? Give one 2
reason.

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