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Silverio, A. , Soriano, R. , Tan, J. , Tequillo, H. , Tolentino, M.
ABSTRACT
The experiment is performed to understand the chemical synthesis of acetanilide, a derivative of aniline.
Acetanilide, produced from the nucleophilic acyl substitution of aniline and acetic anhydride, is synthesized and
purified by recrystallization. Color Test and Azo-Dyestuff Test ar e performed in order to determine the purit y of the
synthesized acetanilide. A series of color reactions were observed upon the addition of chemical reagents in both
tests. The first part of the Color Test showed the transition of colors from dirty white precipitate to purple crystal in
solution. The second part of the Color Test started from dirty white precipitate until it formed a green solution.
Finally, the Azo-Dyestuff Test started as a brown solution and formed a yellow
yellow precipitate in the end. To further
check the purity, the melting point determination is done. After getting the average of the two trials, a temperature of
115 °C is obtained, close to the melting point of pure acetanilide which is 114 °C.
The second part of Color Test gave a transition from ( )( )( )
dirty white precipitate to green solution in this order:
Dirty white precipitate- clear, colorless solution-
F. Theoretical Mass of Acetanilide
brown ring- clear, colorless solution- clear, light pink
solution- yellow solution- green solution (
)
G. Mass of Filter Paper: 1.5699g
The Azo-Dyestuff Test likewise gave a transition
H. Mass of the Filter Paper and Acetanilide:
from brown solution to yellow precipitate in this
2.7294g
order:
I. Calculation of Percentage Recovery
Brown solution- purple solution- white precipitate-
orange precipitate- yellow precipitate
Melting point determination determines the purity of
the synthesized compound by comparing the
experimental melting point to the theoretical melting
point.
The percentage yield is 80.93%.
CONCLUSION
Acetanilide is an odorless powder with a leaf or
flake-like appearance. It is synthesized via
nucleophilic acyl substitution by reacting aniline and
acetic anhydride. It produces purple crystals and a
green solution when subjected to Color test and gives
a yellow precipitate in Azo-Dyestuff Test. It has a
o
melting point of 114 C.
REFERENCES
[1]
http://chemicalland21.com/lifescience/phar/ACET
ANILIDE.htm
[2]
Cahn, A .; Hepp, P. (1886), "The antifebrin, a new
antipyretic," Centralbl. Klin Med. 7:. 561-64.
[3]
Brodie, B. B.; Axelrod, J. (1948),"The fate of
acetanilide in man", J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.94 (1):
29 – 38.
[5] rd
Ashford’s Dict ionary of Industrial Chemicals (3
ed.). 2011. p.33.
[6]
Acetanilide, SIDS Initial Assessment Report,
Geneva: United Nations Environment Programme,
September 2003.
[7]
http://wwwchem.uwimona.edu.jm/lab_manuals/c1
0expt23.html
[8]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aniline
[9]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetic_anhydride