KAK KHONAINI & PARTNER CONTRACTING COMPANY LTD.

(KAK)

EARTH WORK PROCEDURES

Doc # KAK-QCP-WP-EWP-GEN-001 Revision No : 00 Date : 31 March 2020

EARTH WORKS
PROCEDURES

00 31-Mar-20 First Draft ARB NSA NSA RVV SAE

Rev Date Description Prepared Reviewed Checked File Approved

REVISION HISTORY

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 KAK KHONAINI & PARTNER CONTRACTING COMPANY LTD. (KAK)

EARTH WORK PROCEDURES

Doc # KAK-QCP-WP-EWP-GEN-001 Revision No : 00 Date : 31 March 2020

1.0 SCOPE ...............................................................................................................03

2.0 WORK EXTENT ..............................................................................................03

3.0 REFERENCE ....................................................................................................03

4.0 WORK EQUIPMENT .....................................................................................03

5.0 WORK MATERIALS .....................................................................................03

6.0 WORK PROCEDURE ....................................................................................04

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 KAK KHONAINI & PARTNER CONTRACTING COMPANY LTD. (KAK)

EARTH WORK PROCEDURES

Doc # KAK-QCP-WP-EWP-GEN-001 Revision No : 00 Date : 31 March 2020

1. SCOPE

The work covered by this work procedure covers excavation, compaction and
backfilling of soil for structure RCC foundations, trenches and security fence.

2. WORK EXTENT

2.1 To identify locations and route of excavation work

2.2 To excavate soil to required depth and dimension as shown on construction
drawings
2.3 To prepare soil base and compaction in preparation for sub-sequent civil,
electrical or mechanical construction work
2.4 To backfill soil once construction work is completed on excavated areas.

3. REFERENCES

ASTM D 1556 – Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place
by Sand-Cone Method
ASTM D 2922 – Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in
Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)
ASTM D 2167 – Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place
by the Rubber Balloon Method
ASTM D 2937 – Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Drive-
Cylinder Method

4. WORK EQUIPMENTS

4.1 Shovels
4.2 Crowbars/Picks
4.3 Wheel Barrow
4.4 Roller/Plate Compactor

5. WORK MATERIALS

5.1 Backfill Sand

5.2 Backfill Base coarse

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 KAK KHONAINI & PARTNER CONTRACTING COMPANY LTD. (KAK)

EARTH WORK PROCEDURES

Doc # KAK-QCP-WP-EWP-GEN-001 Revision No : 00 Date : 31 March 2020

6. WORK PROCEDURE

6.1 EXCAVATION AND GRADING

6.1.1 Permit shall be obtained from the relevant authority and CLIENT prior
commencement of excavation works. Documents shall be kept at site at all
times in the event of verification by any authorized personnel from the
authority.
6.1.2 Surveyor shall mount the monuments for establishing the bench mark and all
survey reference prior to excavation work to start.
6.1.3 Prepare and display of warning sign boards on the area to be excavated.
Proper barricade with blinker light shall be place during the night activities.
All workers shall be worn a visible reflector safety vest with complete PPE
required on the job site.
6.1.4 Where necessary, the surfaces of cut areas shall be sloped to prevent erosion
and the contractor shall provide shoring once the depth of excavation exceeds
one meter.
6.1.5 Access of equipment shall be clear from obstruction, abandoned concrete
structures, trees and other parking equipment, etc. Ensure that the movement
and swing of the equipment are free from workers to prevent any accident that
might happen.
6.1.6 Commencement of excavation shall start upon ensuring all safety
requirements have been displayed and permit to excavate must be approved
by the CLIENT representative before start excavation.
6.1.7 All underground facilities shall be identified; precaution and protection shall
be taken into consideration. In this regard, slit trenches shall be prepared by
hand excavation in specific locations to identify and locate existing services.
A separate method statement for slit trenches should be prepared and
approved.
6.1.8 Surveyor has to determine the actual reduce level, elevations, actual
coordinates base from the IFC drawing required. Site engineer has to ensure
and compile all the survey report witnessed by CLIENT representative for
future references.
6.1.9 Excavated areas shall be barricaded with suitable warning signs.
6.1.10 Excavated soil shall be safely removed from site and dumped at temporary
dumping area approved by CLIENT. Dumping place shall be accessible to all
dump truck for proper storage of dumping materials.

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 KAK KHONAINI & PARTNER CONTRACTING COMPANY LTD. (KAK)

EARTH WORK PROCEDURES

Doc # KAK-QCP-WP-EWP-GEN-001 Revision No : 00 Date : 31 March 2020

6.2 BACKFILLING

6.2.1 After completion of sub-grade compaction, backfilling and grading shall be

carried as required
6.2.2 CLIENT & KAK representatives shall inspect and agree all the materials for
backfilling works. Backfilling materials shall be approved by CLIENT and
properly stored at site.
6.2.3 Area to be backfilled shall be free from debris, rubbish and other unsuitable
materials.
6.2.4 Backfilling shall be carried out in layers as specified in the project
specifications. Fill and backfill materials shall be laid, leveled and graded
mechanically, or manual laying or spreading depending on site conditions.

6.2.4.1 Backfilling materials shall be from either on site excavation,

designated borrow areas or off-site resources that conforms and shall
match to the geotechnical report.
6.2.4.2 Fill materials shall be used for all fills except where 'Select Fill
Material' is specified. 'Select Fill Material' shall be used within 0.6m
(2ft) of the bottom elevation of foundation, spread footings, or slabs-
on grade when fill is required to achieve final grade.
6.2.4.3 Fill material shall consist gravel, sand and/or marl. The maximum
size of the fill material shall be one half the lift thickness or 75mm (3
inches), whichever is less. Fill material shall be free of frozen lumps,
organic matter, trash, chunks of highly plastic clay or other
unsatisfactory material.
6.2.4.4 Select fill shall be composed only if inorganic material and shall have
100% passing the 5cm (2in) sieve and from 0 to 20% passing the No.
200 sieve. That portion of the material passing the No.40 sieve shall
have a maximum liquid of 35 and a maximum plasticity index of 12
per ASTM 04318. Liquid limit and plastic limit tests are not required
for select fill material with less than 15% passing the No. 200 sieve.
6.2.4.5 Water to be used for compaction of fill materials shall be free from
salt, oil, acid, alkalis, organic matter or other deleterious substances.
6.2.4.6 All areas to receive fill, foundations, or pavement or areas to be used
in the future to support structural loads shall have the in-situ soil
proof rolled and inspected, after clearing and grubbing, for spots or
loose zones. Proof roll may be defined as crossing the area with a
heavy (minimum 10 T weight) rubber tire or steel wheel roller.

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 KAK KHONAINI & PARTNER CONTRACTING COMPANY LTD. (KAK)

EARTH WORK PROCEDURES

Doc # KAK-QCP-WP-EWP-GEN-001 Revision No : 00 Date : 31 March 2020

6.2.4.7 All observed soft spots or loose zones shall be compacted in place or
excavated to firm soil and replaced with properly compacted fill.
6.2.4.8 In-place density and moisture content of soils shall be determined by
the sand cone method per ASTM D 1556, nuclear method per ASTM
D 2922, the rubber balloon method per ASTM D 2167, or drive
cylinder method as per ASTM D 2937. Acceptance testing of in-place
density and moisture content (file density testing) on compacted fill
will be performed at the following rates;

 Under all foundations-one test for up to 1000 ft 2 (so one test

for all areas <90 m2) of each lift.
 Under area paving- one test every 2000 ft 2 (180 m2) of base or
sub base.
 Backfill of trenches- one test for every 50 ft (15m) of each lift.
 General fill- One test every 5000 ft2 (480 m2) of each lift.

6.2.5 Each layer of fill material shall be compacted mechanically to the required
density before filling with successive layers until the completion of fill to the
required grade or level is achieved as per IFC drawing.

6.3 COMPACTION AND TESTING

A systematic and methodical compaction and testing shall be maintained during
backfilling and be carried out as follows:

6.3.1 Compaction of fill or backfill shall be used tired roller and vibratory roller
compactor or plate load compactor or any equipment suitable to the site
conditions for achieving the required compaction specification requirements.
6.3.2 After completion of compaction works, tests shall be conducted to determine
the desired density of consolidation as required in the project specifications.
All compaction tests carried out shall be inspected, checked and certified by an
approved third party testing agency.

6.3.3 All compaction test reports shall be kept and preserved as project records for
future references. All compaction tests and its due course during the progress
of work shall be properly planned in advance and programmed with third party
testing agency according to project requirements.

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