Road To FMS 2021

FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF DELHI
ROAD TO FMS
Aspirant Mentorship Program
Dear Aspirants,
Congratulations on being one of the chosen few to have advanced to the Extempore &
Personal Interview stage at the Faculty of Management Studies, Delhi. The journey to your
dream B-School has just begun and CAT was only a part of it, the next goal is to ace this
process successfully and we hope to see you soon at the Red Building of Dreams!
There must be a sense of uncertainty and fear in your mind along with the feeling of joy and
satisfaction. You must be asking yourself a lot of questions about what the next step entails,
how to prepare for it, and what it needs of you. We're here to assist you in every way we can.
With less than 2 weeks left for the next stage, we have launched our FMS - Mentorship
programme – Road to FMS, to help you guide through the selection process. A mentor will
be assigned to you who will address all your concerns and assist you in preparing for the
journey ahead. We believe that this mentorship program will help you get to know FMS
better.
Hoping that this initiative will not only help you sail through the next rounds but the MBA
journey, you are aspiring for.
Best Wishes,
Media Relations Cell
Faculty of Management Studies
University of Delhi
media@fms.edu
[Disclaimer: This document was prepared by the Media Relations Cell of FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT
STUDIES, DELHI. Every reasonable effort was made to ensure that the information provided in this
document is accurate. However, information given here is not exhaustive and it is provided only for the
reference of the aspirants to help them develop an understanding of the topics and prepare for PI -
Extempore stage of admission processes.}
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Media Relations Cell, Faculty of Management Studies, Delhi
WHAT’S IN IT FOR YOU?
MBA @ FMS ............................................................................................................................. 3
Admission Criteria ..................................................................................................................... 4
Tips to Ace Personal Interview .................................................................................................. 5
Frequently Asked PI Questions ................................................................................................. 6
Interview Experiences ................................................................................................................ 8
Tips to Ace Extempore ............................................................................................................ 11
Extempore Topics .................................................................................................................... 13
Domain specific PI preparation ............................................................................................... 15
Newsbytes ................................................................................................................................ 37
General Instructions ................................................................................................................. 40
Contact Us @ ........................................................................................................................... 40
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MBA @ FMS
What sets the MBA programme at “Red Building of Dreams” apart from any other
institution’s, is the ideal mix of opportunities, corporate exposure, and the kind of conducive
academic environment that allows the students to realize their dreams, with the flexibility in
the curriculum. This journey has truly been transformational for all who have been part of the
FMS legacy. The intense mentorship programme and spectrum of activities carried out, instils
within every individual the values and culture that this B-School has stood for over all these
years. At FMS, one has the liberty to initiate new activities and the collaborative spirit of
students makes it possible for numerous such efforts to bear fruits every year.
We are a Student-run campus i.e., our student body, the Management Science Association
(MSA), manages the entire spectrum of student initiatives at FMS. MSA’s unparalleled breadth
and depth of activities make it an organization which is unique in Indian B-schools landscape.
With constant support and guidance of the faculty members, MSA is instrumental in
channelizing the students’ energy to give shape to the dreams of FMS - as an institute and all
the students—as individuals. MSA contributes to the development of all FMS students in
personal, professional, social, cultural, corporate interaction and industry exposure. We
currently have a total of 13 societies under the aegis of MSA. Besides these we have many
voluntary clubs for assisting students.
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ADMISSION CRITERIA
The criterion for this year admission process is based on Personal Interview, Extempore
Speech, Discussion on Statement of Purpose, Class X & Class XII marks, and CAT 2020 scores
as provided by CAT Centre.
The weightages of the above aspects are as follows:
Weighted CAT 2020 Score 50%
Marks obtained in Class X 10%*
Marks obtained in Class XII 10%*
Discussion on Statement of Purpose 10%
Extempore 5%
Personal Interview 15%
*(60% and above but less than 75%: 5%, 75% and above 10%)
Note: An additional 5 marks shall be awarded to the women candidates who appear for the
interview.
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TIPS TO ACE PERSONAL
INTERVIEW
 "Tell me about yourself" is your window to drive the interview in your desired direction.
Talk about unique aspects of your personality, work habits, backgrounds, and interests.
 Craft your 'introduction' into three parts and walk the interviewer through these three
aspects of yourself that make you the right choice.
 Don't come off as too emphatic about why you are 'the right fit.' Talk crisply and
transparently so that it is easy to understand.
 To engage your audience, use pauses to your benefit. Let your words seep into the listeners'
minds and use this time to frame your next thought. Never rush into answering a question.
Instead, pause for a moment while you consider and collect your thoughts.
 Know when to complete your answers. Speaking less eludes authenticity and is always
easier. If the interviewer wants more, they can enquire.
 Questions asked are often related to your background. Freshers are asked about their
courses' subjects and final year projects. For candidates with work experience, questions
are often based on their projects, technology, the domain of expertise, or industry.
Thorough knowledge in these aspects is necessary to perform well.
 Body language is the key to acing your interview. Answer in a clear voice, without adding
filler words such as "umm," "er." Nod politely and smile while listening to the panelists
and thank them at the end of the interview.
 "Do you have any questions for us" is an opportunity to show your interest in and ask
domain-specific questions. If you feel you still need to add something to the interview, this
is your window to do it.
Be calm, relaxed, and confident!
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FREQUENTLY ASKED PI
QUESTIONS
RESUME BASED QUESTIONS
 For people with work-ex: Job profile details, company info, competitors, major business areas,
about the recent developments in the industry etc.
 If there is a gap in the career or academics, then questions related to that may be asked.
 Questions may be asked on academic record, favorite subject in graduation, projects etc.
 Questions may be asked on your city, region, state you belong to. Be prepared with the names
of politicians, prominent business people and history of your area.
QUESTIONS ABOUT SELF
 About yourself, Strengths, Weaknesses etc. This can be answered by doing a SWOT analysis
of yourself.
 Why should we select/reject you?
 What are you long-term and short-term goals?
 What are your hobbies? Make sure that you tell the hobbies which you were engaged with and
can elaborate on.
 What is your biggest achievement/failure?
 What is the meaning of your name? How does it relate with your personality?
MBA BASED QUESTIONS
 Why MBA?
 Why MBA after engineering?
 Why MBA without/with Work-ex?
 What are your expectations from this college?
 What would you do if you don’t get admission this year?
 What are the qualities of a good manager?
GENERAL QUESTIONS
Questions may come on analysis and guesstimates. Such as, how many people live in your
surroundings, or how many bikes are there in India. These questions don’t have any fixed answer.
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They are asked to test your thought process. Good approach to tackle the situation will be thinking
aloud so that panel gets the clear idea of your approach
ABSTRACT QUESTIONS
Why blue is blue and not red?
Some questions on basic physics, mathematics, problem solving skills. Here importance will be
given to the process you follow, rather than the outcome.
STAYING UP TO DATE ON CURRENT AFFAIRS
An easy way to stay updated on current happenings is to make sure you read the headlines as they
happen. As a management student aspirant, every panelist expect you to be up to date about the
major happenings around the world.
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INTERVIEW EXPERIENCES
A. ENGINEERING
EXPERIENCE 1
Education Background: B.Tech
Work Experience: 8 months
Interview Experience:
Interview started with tell me about yourself, then they gave me the extempore topic “discuss
your interview calls and preference order.” Then they asked that I have a good profile, how
will FMS help me and what is my domain of preference.
I was also asked about two favorite product companies and comparison of the two. Question
on my POR and hobbies and How will my background as an artist help the class? How famous
is the name FMS down south? And the interview ended with “Any questions for us?”
EXPERIENCE 2
Education Background: B.Tech
Work Experience: Fresher
Interview started with tell me about yourself, then they gave me the extempore topic “Shooting
Stars”, which then shifted to Salman Khan and judiciary related issues, there hiring procedure.
One question on credibility of judiciary in certain cases.
Then they asked me about my role model in different fields like politics, education, Bollywood,
sports etc. and why that person is my role model. Few questions on my favorite subject from
undergraduate degree. And the interview ended with “Any questions for us?”
EXPERIENCE 3
Education Background: B.Tech Biotech
What kind of movies do you watch? What about Oriental Express? What is the difference
between Character and Personality? Why cloning is banned or not encouraged in humans?
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What is stem cell research? What are your other interests? Last book you read? What does it
talk of?
EXPERIENCE 4
Education Background: B.Tech CSE
Tell me about yourself? Why do you want to leave IBM? What is the growth rate of our country
for the past 3-4 years? Who is our competitor when it comes to growth rate? Tell 3 points why
China is considered as our competitor in growth rate? Give me the reason why is China
depreciating its value of currency? What is the difference between bus topology and ring
topology? What is system development life cycle?
EXPERIENCE 5
Education Background: B.Tech Mechanical
Work Experience: 5 years
Introduce yourself. What is difference between rack and pinion? What is the difference
between Diesel Engine and petrol Engine? What is the role of differential in vehicles? Diff
between 4 and 2 strokes? Tell me two dream companies for mechanical? What about L and T?
Tell me one company which makes piston? You have so much work ex it is better to go for 1-
year ex program? Any other calls you have?
B. NON - ENGINEERING
EXPERIENCE 1
Education Background: B.com
Interview started with tell me about yourself, then I was asked If I had any other shortlists and
I said IIMC and then they asked why I am preferring FMS, eventually turning it into my
Extempore topic. Some question related to undergrad academics, favorite subject and questions
related to statistics, linear programming, simplex method etc.
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EXPERIENCE 2
Education Background: B.com and CA
Interview started with the extempore topic being ‘Watch’. Then they discussed about my
percentile and why it was low in Quant section. Since I am a C.A, they asked me about why I
want to pursue MBA. They then asked about few accounting terms. Then they asked me ‘Why
FMS’. From there interview drifted towards which profile I want to choose except Finance.
They asked my take on Union Budget and is the budget good or bad.
EXPERIENCE 3
Education Background: B.com
Interview started with tell me about yourself, then they gave me the extempore topic as Air
further asked about composition of air, then I was asked Why MBA and what are my Long-
term goals and Why finance. Then some questions on finance and goals of capital budgeting
decisions. I was also asked to talk about my work-ex and Who is India head of Deloitte and
then I was asked to explain my POR experiences in college.
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TIPS TO ACE EXTEMPORE
The extempore topics are always unpredictable but certainly not very tough. One of the reasons
of Extempore is to check how spontaneously you can think on your feet. The purpose is not to
give very difficult topics but to see how creatively a person can think on an easy topic. The
topics can range from something very personal like hobbies, academic background, a particular
or recent incident, a common saying or proverb or an issue of current affair.
So be prepared to speak on anything and everything. The key to extempore speaking is that
the words spoken are chosen as we speak them, and what is delivered is a stream of
consciousness that is fluent, erudite and articulate, while being unscripted.
The 3 Wheels of Extempore Speaking
1. Fluency
2. Content
3. Structure
1. Fluency - Understanding the relationship between the various parts of speech (prepositions,
adverbs, conjunctions etc.), Subject-Verb Agreement and keeping track of the new words
learnt are a way of developing grammar and vocabulary. Remember, fluency is not limited
to grammar. Practicing to speak in the language is as important as grammar. A Fluent
speaker of the language is never afraid to make mistakes, as they can easily recover without
getting conscious of a little error made. Recovering from an error is not difficult at all!
Simply repeat the sentence correctly, excuse yourself and MOVE ON!
2. Content - Never try to talk about thing you do not have any idea about. Limit your
extempore to the fact that you possess and go on. If for any reason, you are not familiar
with the topic in depth, talk about what you understand about the topic. A very important
lesson people forget while preparing to speak is to LISTEN! Preparation for any topic can
only happen when you have understood the topic correctly, and that is only possible when
you LISTEN to the topic given and the instructions provided!
3. Structure - The last wheel on this Auto-rickshaw is Structure. An extempore speech can
be on any topic and for different time spans. The structure of any such speech is like a
skeleton. The content acts like the organs and fluency acts like its muscles. Any extempore
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speech should be structured in a way to maximize efficiency and effectiveness. The
following structure is one of many to ensure the best results.
 Opening- Always try opening your extempore by grabbing the attention of the audience. A
smart line, pithy observation or famous quote that is relevant is always a winner.
 Facts- Try sticking to 2 to 3 facts so that your extempore is not crowded, confusing, boring
or hard to remember. Be SPECIFIC regarding the things you speak about. Being generic
and talking, in general, is quite boring for the listeners. There will be no reason for the
audience to remember you!
 Anecdote- An anecdote is a short account of a particular incident or event, especially of an
interesting or amusing nature. Adding a personal touch to your extempore always makes
you more relatable. How the topic affected you, or how it might affect you, makes the
audience understand the topic faster!
 Closing- Ending with a bang! Let the earlier points you have made lead to the conclusion.
Too many points can dilute the impact of your speech! Use Pauses to highlight the points
and lead up to a great opening!
Dos and Don’ts
Do’s Don’ts
First think then speak Do not get personal
Be calm and confident Do not repeat thing you have said earlier
Add facts and figures Avoid hesitation
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EXTEMPORE TOPICS
SOCIAL ISSUE TOPICS
1. Subsidy in the Fertilizer Sector

2. Covid-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Healthcare
3. Farm Bill 2020: Concerns, Issues
4. Covid-19 & Ensuring Public Health
5. Climate Justice
6. Unemployment in India
7. Rural Development
8. Global Terrorism
9. Reservations in India
10. Good economics is good politics
11. Social Media is making us un-social
12. Women Empowerment
CURRENT AFFAIR TOPICS
1. Online Education
2. Impact of Covid-19
3. Work from Home – Pros and Cons
4. New Education Policy
5. Artificial Intelligence
6. Recent Initiative by the Government
7. Citizenship Amendment Act
8. Moon Mission
9. Media Trials: Pros & Cons
10. Data theft by social media platforms
11. Make in India vs Make for India
12. Goods and Services Tax
13. Negative Obsession with Artificial Intelligence
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ABSTRACT TOPICS
1. Is Work-Life Balance a Myth?

2. Innovation Vs Invention
3. Do We Need More Entrepreneurs or Managers?
4. Namaste
5. Mythology vs Management
6. Optimism
7. Academic Scores not a good measure of intelligence
8. Red vs Blue
9. Liberal Education
10. Infinity
11. Ignorance is bliss
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MARKETING
MARKETING
Marketing is about identifying and meeting human and social needs. One of the shortest good
definitions of marketing is “meeting needs profitably”.
Marketing is generally defined as a 3-step process, which is:

1. Understanding consumer needs/wants/demands (finding opportunities)
2. Building a product according to those needs /wants/demands (creating products to meet
those opportunities)
3. Selling that product
One definition describes Marketing as the process by which companies create value for
customers.
MARKET
Market is a place or common platform where buyers and sellers come together for exchange of
goods, services & information. When the exchange of goods happens in return of money then
it is called transaction.
SALES
Selling includes the activities that get customers to make a purchase. Selling is closing sales
that make you money.
A sale is a transaction between two or more parties in which the buyer receives tangible or
intangible goods, services, and/or assets in exchange for money.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ADVERTISEMENT AND MARKETING
Simply put, marketing is understanding consumer needs, building a product according to these
needs and finally selling that product in the marketplace. This entire process is marketing. Sales
is the last part which is selling and advertising is making that product known in the marketplace
or to the consumers.
Advertising is informing your customers about your product. Marketing on the other hand, is
much broader, not only does it cover all the aspects of advertising but also the research needed
to serve those advertisements in an efficient manner, to determine the target audience itself,
build the product, price it and take it to the consumers.
BRAND
A brand is a name, term, sign, symbol, or design or generally, a combination of these that
identifies the maker or seller of a product or service. A brand allows producers to differentiate
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their products in the minds of consumers and thus form an important mode of communicating
the value created by the producer. ‘Brand’ is a completely mental construct and exists only in
the mind of the consumer. Brands greatly enhance the economic value of a product.
CUSTOMERS VS CONSUMERS
For some products, the customer and consumer might be the same person or entity but in the
strict sense, a customer is the person who makes the ‘purchase’, while the consumer is the end
user of the product. This concept can be understood with the help of following examples:
Diapers: Diapers, like all baby care products, are usually bought by parents for the use of their
babies. Thus, here the parents are the customers, while the infants are the consumers.
STP
TARGET MARKETING
A market for a product or service consists of various people each with distinct and
heterogeneous requirements. Companies have limited resources and therefore it is impossible
for it to reach out to every customer and try to satisfy all their different needs. A company
therefore has to pick and choose its customers as all customers are not created equal. It has to
invest on those customers who will provide it with the highest return on their investment. A
company with its own unique set of strengths and weaknesses will find it profitable to target
certain customers. Another company with a different set of capabilities, might find it profitable
to target a different set of customers.
SEGMENTATION
Segmentation is the process of dividing the market on the basis of various customer variables
(such as age, gender, personality, geography etc.) to identify distinct sub-groups (or segments)
who share a homogeneity in their needs and react similarly to marketing interventions.
Some of the types of segmentation are:
1) Geographic Segmentation: Divides the market into different geographical units such as
regions, states, cities etc. Density of population (urban, suburban, rural) and climate are also
often taken into account. E.g.: Living in metro vs living in rural area
2) Demographic Segmentation: Divides the market into groups based on variables such as
age, gender, family size, family life cycle, income, occupation, education, religion, race,
generation and nationality.
3) Psychographic Segmentation: It divides the buyers into different groups based on

attitudes, opinions, activities, lifestyle, or personality characteristics. People in the same
demographic group can have very different psychographic makeups. E.g.: Aspirational, Liberal
etc.
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TARGETING
Once a firm has identified and defined segments, the practice of “targeting” is followed. The
firm has to evaluate the different segments on the basis of the firm’s capabilities and the
potential of the segment. On the basis of this evaluation, the firm has to decide on which
segments to serve and which not to serve. Choosing a target is a strategic decision (long-term
decision) which cannot be easily reversed. It is a difficult decision as every segment has its
own merits and demerits and there is always an uncertainty to how a segment will respond to
your marketing interventions in the future.
POSITIONING
Formally, Positioning is defined as the act of designing a company’s offering and image to
occupy a distinctive place in the minds of the target customer.
Positioning could also be informally said to be the process of emphasizing certain associations
with my brand so that the target audience perceives the brand to be different and favorable.
MARKETING MIX
The 7Ps of Marketing helps companies to review and define key issues that affect the marketing
of its products and service.
Product: Product refers to what you are selling, including all of the features, advantages and
benefits that your customers can enjoy from buying your goods or services.
Price: This refers to your pricing strategy for your products and services and how it will affect
your customers. You should identify how much your customers are prepared to pay, how much
mark-up you need to cater for overheads, your profit margins and payment methods, and other
costs.
Place: Place is where your products and services are seen, made, sold or distributed. Access
for customers to your products is key and it is important to ensure that customers can find you.
Promotion: These are the promotional activities you use to make your customers aware of
your products and services, including advertising, sales tactics, promotions and direct
marketing. Generally, these are referred to as marketing tactics.
Physical Evidence: Physical evidence refers to everything your customers see when
interacting with your business. This includes the physical environment in which
products/services are provided, packaging and branding.
People: People refer to the staff and salespeople who work for your business, including
yourself. Business can gain competitive advantage by recruiting the right people, training your
staff to develop their skills, and retaining good staff.
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Process: Process refers to the processes involved in delivering your products and services to
the customer.
PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
The product life cycle describes the period of time over which a product is developed, brought
to market and eventually removed from the market. The cycle is broken into four stages:
introduction, growth, maturity, and decline.
 Introduction - These are newly introduced products that are trying to achieve product-
market fit.
 Growth - Products in this stage have found an audience and are growing rapidly with
increased sales and profitability in mind.
 Mature - Products are now well established and their revenue streams or ecosystems
are often leveraged to find new products
 Decline - Products in this stage experience unrecoverable declines in revenues or usage
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PESTEL ANALYSIS
A PESTEL analysis is a framework or tool used by marketers to analyses and monitor the
macro-environmental (external marketing environment) factors that have an impact on an
organization. The result of which is used to identify threats and weaknesses which is used in a
SWOT analysis.
PESTEL stands for:
P – Political
E – Economic
S – Social
T – Technological
E – Environmental
L – Legal
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FINANCE
The primary focus of a business is to increase its value – and it mostly zeroes down on how
much money it makes and manages, which is when finance managers come into picture.
Finance professionals (in Corporate Finance) are accountable to manage the money of the
organization i.e. to know from where to source it, deciding how to spend it to get the maximum
returns at the lowest possible risk.
They seek to find ways to ensure flow of capital, increasing the profitability and decreasing the
expenses. They explore the best ways to help company expand whether it is through acquisition
or investing internally. Additionally, there is a different career profile of finance professionals
in Investment Banks who need to have clear viewpoints on investing, stocks and how to value
companies, and how to design their portfolios to minimize risk.
BASIC CONCEPTS IN ACCOUNTING
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Every company or individual for that matter is involved in financial transactions in the course
of his life. Financial statements provide an efficient manner of capturing and presenting this
information. Analysis of financial information of any company gives an insight into the
financial position of the company. Financial statements can be used by different stakeholders
for different purposes:
• Owners: To understand the financial health of their company
• Employees: To predict the short-term performance of the company
• Investors – To assess the viability of investing in a given company
• Financial institutions – To decide whether to grant funds to a company or not
There are 3 core financial statements
1. Balance Sheet
2. Income Statement/ Profit and Loss Statement
3. Cash Flow statement Basic concepts in finance
BALANCE SHEET
Balance Sheet summarizes a company’s assets, liabilities and shareholder’s equity at a

particular point in time. It presents a snapshot of the financial position of the company.
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It is based on the following accounting model:
Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders Equity
Assets: An asset is anything that the company owns and is likely to provide benefits to the
company for a period beyond the time at which the balance sheet has been prepared. Assets
can also be classified into two:
 Non-current assets: A long term asset is one that will not turn into cash or be consumed
in the next one year. It can be in the form of tangible assets (e.g., property, plants and
equipment) and intangible assets (e.g., goodwill, trademarks, patents and copyrights).
 Current assets: These are assets, which can be converted into cash within the accounting
period. Current assets include cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, inventories
and prepaid expenses.
Liabilities: A liability is a financial obligation that company owes which arises due to business
operations. Liabilities can be of 2 types:
 Non-current Liabilities: liabilities which have to be repaid more than one year into the
future. These could either be long-term borrowings or deferred tax liabilities.
 Current liabilities: items which need to be paid within the accounting period of one
year. These include short-term borrowings, trade payables, accrued expenses,
outstanding interest, current portion of long-term debt and other current liabilities.
Shareholders’ Funds / Equity: This constitutes the owner’s share in the entity. It can be
broken down into 2 parts:
 Share capital: the amount that shareholders invest in the firm initially
 Reserves and surplus: the profits that the company generates over the years
INCOME STATEMENT
The income statement summarizes a firm's financial transactions over a defined period of time),
whether it's a quarter or a whole year. The income statement shows how the money is coming
in (revenues, also known as sales) and the expenses that are tied to generating those revenues.
The difference between the expenses and revenues is the profit that the company earns.
The basic equation underlying the income statement is:
Revenue – Expenses = Income
Revenue which is also known as “Top Line”, is the amount of money the company actually
receives during the particular period.
Expenses are summarized and charged in the income statement as deductions from the income
before assessing income tax.
Income is the increase in net inflow of cash or other assets during an accounting period.
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CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Cash flow statement tabulates how much cash is coming in and going out of the firm. There
are three major elements in the cash flow statement:
- Cash flow from operating activities: It encompasses cash generated from a company’s day to
day operations
- Cash flow from investing activities - It pertains to the purchasing and selling of investments
which include property, plant and equipment.
- Cash flow from financing activities - It covers obtaining or repaying capital. This include the
sale of stock; stock repurchase and issuance of dividends
RATIO ANALYSIS
Ratio analysis is a quantitative method to analyze a company’s finances. Financial ratios can
help us gain insight into a company’s liquidity, operating efficiency, profitability and capital
efficiency. In general, the financial ratios of a company are compared with those of its major
competitors as well as to the company’s own ratios in previous time periods to understand the
trends and causes of divergence between a company’s and its competitors’ ratios.
Financial ratios can broadly be divided into the following categories:
1. Liquidity Ratios
2. Solvency Ratios
3. Profitability Ratios
4. Activity Ratios
BASICS CONCEPTS OF CORPORATE FINANCE
Corporate finance is the study of any business’s money-related decisions. It is the division of
finance that deals with how corporations deal with funding sources, capital structuring and
investment decisions. It is primarily concerned with maximizing shareholder wealth by
strategically planning the long-term and short-term finances of the company.
CAPITAL BUDGETING
Capital budgeting is a process used by businesses to determine which investment alternatives

should be accepted and which should be declined. Ideally, a business would pursue all
opportunities that enhance shareholder wealth and profits, but the resources of every firm are
limited. The capital budgeting process is used to create a quantitative view of each proposed
investment such that businesses can make rational decisions.
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NPV
NPV, or Net Present Value method, is a capital budgeting technique that measures the
feasibility of investments by calculating the present value of all outflows and the inflows that
the investment would generate in the future.
𝑁𝑃𝑉 = 𝑃𝑉 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑠 – 𝑃𝑉 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑠
IRR
IRR, or Internal Rate of Return, is a method that calculates the rate of return an investment
should generate to make the NPV equal to 0. Ideally, this rate of return should be higher than
the cost of capital of the company, i.e., the cost of sourcing the funds for investment, for the
company to make a profit on the investment.
Payback period
The payback period method of capital budgeting simply measures the amount of time it would
take to generate inflows equal to outflows on an investment, without accounting for the time
value of money.
STOCKS
To understand what is a stock market we will need to understand the types of companies. Please
go through the below video at once for an understanding You tube - How the Stock market
works Please note that companies whose stock prices you see in the newspaper or in news
channels are public limited companies. What is a share? In very simple terms, A share is an
ownership of a company. Let’s suppose the company Oil Drum Mfg. Co is divided into 1000
shares. So, 1 share = 0.1% ownership of a company. In case of Public limited company, the
shares are registered and traded over a stock exchange. In case of Private limited the shares are
not freely traded. They can be bought or sold among existing holders or by the company Thus,
the companies we see being traded (bought/sold) at various exchange like NSE and BSE are
public companies.
SHARE TRADING
Shares of companies can be traded in two ways:
- Primary Offer or Primary Market
(IPO/FPO): IPO or Initial Public Offer is a primary offer in which a company offers for sale its
shares to the general public for the first time. FPO or Further Public Offer is a primary offer in
which a company offers for sale its shares to the general public after the first offer is made. In
such situations the shares are already being traded. New shares are issued to market.
23
- Secondary Offer or Secondary Market
Different offerings to public: In a primary offer the company sells the shares of a company to
the general public through IPO or FPO.
Once the IPO is done and the stock is listed, they are traded in the secondary market. The main
difference between the two is that in the primary market, an investor gets securities directly
from the company through IPOs, while in the secondary market, one purchases securities from
other investors willing to sell the same. Equity shares, bonds, preference shares, treasury bills,
debentures, etc. are some of the key products available in a secondary market. SEBI is the
regulator of the same.
SENSEX
Sensex, otherwise known as the S&P BSE Sensex index, is the benchmark index of the Bombay
Stock Exchange (BSE) in India. Sensex comprises 30 of the largest and most actively-traded
stocks on the BSE, providing an accurate gauge of India's economy. The index's composition
is reviewed in June and December each year. Initially compiled in 1986, the Sensex is the
oldest stock index in India. Analysts and investors use the Sensex to observe the overall growth,
development of particular industries, and booms and busts of the Indian economy.
NIFTY
The NIFTY 50 index is National Stock Exchange of India's benchmark broad based stock
market index for the Indian equity market. Full form of NIFTY is National Stock Exchange
Fifty. It represents the weighted average of 50 Indian company stocks in 12 sectors and is one
of the two main stock indices used in India. Nifty is owned and managed by India Index
Services and Products (IISL), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the NSE Strategic
Investment Corporation Limited.
BANKING AND ECONOMY
SEBI
Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is a statutory regulatory body entrusted with
the responsibility to regulate the Indian capital markets. It monitors and regulates the securities
market and protects the interests of the investors by enforcing certain rules and regulations.
The objective of SEBI is to ensure that the Indian capital market works in a systematic manner
and provide investors with a transparent environment for their investment.
IMPORTANT RATES
Repo Rate (5.15% as on 14 December 2019): Repo rate is the rate at which the central bank
of a country (Reserve Bank of India in case of India) lends money to commercial banks in the
24
event of any shortfall of funds. Repo rate can be used by monetary authorities to control
inflation.
Reverse Repo Rate (4.9% as on 14 December 2019): Reverse repo rate is the rate at which the
central bank of a country (Reserve Bank of India in case of India) borrows money from
commercial banks within the country. It is a monetary policy instrument which can be used to
control the money supply in the country.
Cash Reserve Ratio (4% as on 14 December 2019): Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) is the share
of a commercial bank’s total deposit that is mandated by the central bank of a country (Reserve
Bank of India in case of India) to be maintained with the latter in the form of liquid cash.
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (18.25% as on 14 December 2019): The ratio of liquid assets to net
demand and time liabilities (NDTL) that is mandated by the central bank of a country (Reserve
Bank of India in case of India) to be maintained with the latter is called statutory liquidity ratio
(SLR).
Call Rate: Call money rate is the rate at which short term funds are borrowed and lent in the
money market. The duration of the call money loan is 1 day to 14 days. Banks resort to these
types of loans to fill the asset liability mismatch, comply with the statutory CRR and SLR
requirements and to meet the sudden demand of funds.
NON-PERFORMING ASSETS
A nonperforming asset (NPA) is a loan or advance for which the principal or interest payment
remained overdue for a period of 90 days. Banks are required to classify NPAs further into
Substandard, Doubtful and Loss assets.
- Substandard assets: Assets which has remained NPA for a period less than or equal to 12
months.
- Doubtful assets: An asset would be classified as doubtful if it has
remained in the substandard category for a period of 12 months.
- Loss assets: As per RBI, “Loss asset is considered uncollectible and of such little value that
its continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted, although there may be some salvage or
recovery value.”
CIBIL SCORE
The Credit Information Bureau (India) Ltd, popularly known as CIBIL is a Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) authorized credit agency. It offers CIBIL scores and CIBIL reports for individuals.
A CIBIL score is generated by the bureau after considering an individual’s detailed credit
information. The agency also offers credit report services to the banks and other NBFC (Non-
banking financial companies). A CIBIL score is a three-digit number between 300-900, 300
being the lowest, that represents an individual’s credit worthiness.
25
A higher CIBIL score suggests good credit history and responsible repayment behaviour.
CIBIL scores are calculated on the basis of at least 6 months of historical financial data of an
individual.
ADDITIONAL READ
The knowledge on banking and economy has to be maintained consistently by reading about
recent affairs and events, and personal opinions have to formed about them. To assist with this,
following are some questions which you should research upon:
1. What is the difference between fiscal and monetary policy?
2. What is the current GDP, GDP per capita and GDP growth rate for India?
3. Why is India’s GDP growth rate lower than other developing countries, and why has it been
falling over the last few years? How can it be improved?
4. What are Basel Norms?
5. How does RBI control inflation?
6. What is stagflation?
7. What is a moratorium period? How does the decision taken by RBI for providing moratorium
due to COVID-19 impact banks in India?
8. What is the difference between gross and net NPA?
9. What is the difference between an NBFC and a payment bank?
10. How does cryptocurrency work? Do you agree with RBI's decision to ban cryptocurrencies
in India?
11. What are the other applications of blockchain technology in Finance, apart from
cryptocurrency?
26
SYSTEMS, OPERATIONS AND
ANALYTICS
WHAT IS ANALYTICS ALL ABOUT?
Analytics is the scientific process of turning raw data into insights to make informed and
meaningful decisions. It relies on the application of operations research, statistical methods and
programming to interpret and communicate meaningful patterns in the available data.
DATA ANALYTICS
Data analytics refers to qualitative and quantitative techniques and processes used to enhance
productivity and business gain. Data is extracted and categorized to identify and analyze
behavioral data and patterns, and techniques vary according to organizational requirements. It
is the process of examining data sets in order to draw conclusions about the information they
contain, increasingly with the aid of specialized systems and software.
Data analytics technologies and techniques are widely used in commercial industries to enable
organizations to make more-informed business decisions. As a term, data analytics
predominantly refers to an assortment of applications, from basic business intelligence (BI),
reporting and online analytical processing (OLAP) to various forms of advanced analytics.
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS) ABOUT?
A management information system (MIS) is an information system particularly used for

decision-making purpose as well as for the coordination, control, analysis and visualization of
information in an organization. It helps in examining people and technology in an
organizational context.
Advantages of MIS: Improves decision making, improves efficiency, Provides connectivity

between departments
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
The management of the flow of goods and services involves the movement and storage of raw
materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of
consumption.
1. Logistics: The time-related positioning of resources to meet user requirements.

2. Consignment: This term has more than one meaning, most often it means the act of placing
your goods in the care of a third-party warehouse owner (known as the consignee) who
27
maintains them for a fee. In addition to storing the goods, the consignee may sell or ship
them to customers on your behalf for a fee.
3. Inventory: A term used to describe all the goods and materials held by an organization for
future sale or use a list of items held in stock.
4. FIFO: First in, first out is a method of cost lot tracking where items are valued and sold in
the order they were purchased.
5. Landed Cost: The total cost of ownership of an item. This includes the cost price, shipping
charges, custom duties, taxes and any other charges that were borne by the buyer.
6. LIFO: Last in, first out is a method of cost lot tracking where your most recent purchases
are sold first. It works exactly opposite to FIFO.
7. Bill of Material: A listing of components, parts, and other items needed to manufacture a
product, showing the quantity of each required to produce each end item.
8. Demand Driven Supply Chains: This is where a supply system is in direct response to a
single point of demand. All the components across a supply chain are synchronized to meet
the demand that it is trying to fulfil
9. Transit Time: The time taken to move goods physically between different locations in a
supply chain or laterally to another facility.
10. Turn Around Time (TAT): The total time taken to repair a component at the repair location,
including waiting time but excluding transit time.
11. Reverse Logistics: The requirement to plan the flow of surplus or unwanted material or
equipment back through the supply chain after meeting customer demand.
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)
A philosophy that seeks to improve quality by eliminating the causes of product defects and by
making quality standards, the responsibility of every individual in the organization. Practiced
by some companies in the 1980s, TQM became pervasive in the 1990s and is an area of
operations management that no competitive company has been able to ignore.
E-COMMERCE
E-commerce, also known as electronic commerce or internet commerce, refers to the buying
and selling of goods or services using the internet, and the transfer of money and data to execute
these transactions. Ecommerce is often used to refer to the sale of physical products online, but
it can also describe any kind of commercial transaction that is facilitated through the internet.
There are four main types of ecommerce models that can describe almost every transaction that
takes place between consumers and businesses. A brief description of each of this different E-
Commerce model is given below for your reference to develop an overview:
B2C: When a business sells a good or service to an individual consumer (e.g., You buy a pair
of shoes from an online retailer
B2B: When a business sells a good or service to another business (e.g., A business sells
software- as-a-service for other businesses to use
C2C: When a consumer sells a good or service to another consumer (e.g., You sell your old
furniture on eBay to another consumer.
28
C2B: When a consumer sells their own products or services to a business or organization (e.g.,
An influencer offers exposure to their online audience in exchange for a fee, or a photographer
licenses their photo for a business to use.
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of
intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some of the activities computers with
artificial intelligence are designed for include:
• Speech recognition
• Learning
• Planning
• Problem Solving
Artificial Intelligence is a way of making a computer, a computer-controlled robot, or a

software think intelligently, in the similar manner the intelligent humans think. AI is
accomplished by studying how the human brain thinks, and how humans learn, decide, and
work while trying to solve a problem, and then using the outcomes of this study as a basis of
developing intelligent software and systems.
ERP
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software applications help businesses to manage and
connect information from all core areas of the organization with the aim of improving effective
decision making. ERP software solutions promote visibility throughout the entire organization,
allowing decision makers to improve business operations such as; inventory management,
accounting, order management, human resources, supply chain, product lifecycle, customer
relationship management (CRM) among others. ERP software should serve as the focal point
for managing all important aspects of a business.
BIG DATA
Big data is a term applied to datasets whose size or type is beyond the ability of traditional
relational databases to capture, manage, and process the data with low-latency. It has one or
more of the following characteristics – high volume, high velocity, or high variety .
Big data comes from sensors, devices, video/audio, networks, log files, transactional
applications, web, and social media - much of it generated in real time and on a very large
scale. It is the use of advanced analytic techniques against very large, diverse data sets that
include structured, semi-structured and unstructured data, from different sources, and in
different sizes from terabytes to zettabytes
29
AR
Augmented reality is the integration of digital information with the user's environment in real
time. It uses the existing environment and overlays new information on top of it.
It is a new sort of technology that superimposes virtual objects into reality through the use of
a smartphone, optical device. Augmented reality devices use some sort of geolocation, such as
the GPS data of a user's device. This data helps the technology gather information about
someone's immediate surroundings so that information can be imposed in a way that is more
personal to the user.
VR
Virtual reality is a computer technology that replicates an environment (real or imagined) and
simulates a user's physical presence and environment by primarily appealing to their vision and
hearing. It is an interactive computer-generated experience taking place within a simulated
environment.
Virtual reality is typically achieved through the use of a headset. It usually creates an
experience that is not possible in ordinary physical reality.
MR
Mixed reality (MR) experience, which combines elements of both AR and VR, real-world and
digital objects interact. Mixed reality technology is just now starting to take off with
Microsoft’s HoloLens one of the most notable early mixed reality apparatuses.
CLOUD COMPUTING
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services like servers, storage, databases,
networking, software, analytics over the Internet (“the cloud”). So it is an information
technology that enables access to shared pools of configurable system resources and higher-
level services that can be rapidly provisioned with minimal effort.
The goal of cloud computing is to allow users to take advantage of all of these technologies,
without the need for deep knowledge or expertise with each one of them. The cloud aims to cut
costs, helps the users focus on their core business instead of being impeded by the IT obstacles.
Companies offering these computing services are called cloud providers and they charge for
cloud computing services based on usage.
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES
A block chain is a decentralized, distributed and public digital ledger that is used to record
transactions across many computers so that the record cannot be altered retroactively without
the alteration of all subsequent blocks and the consensus of the network. Originally developed
as the accounting method for the virtual currency Bitcoin, block chains – which use what's
30
known as distributed ledger technology (DLT). A distributed ledger is a database that is
consensually shared and synchronized across networks spread across multiple sites, institutions
or geographies.
IOT
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and
other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and connectivity which
enables these things to connect and exchange data, creating opportunities for more direct
integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, resulting in efficiency
improvements, economic benefits, and reduced human exertions. In IoT, the machines/objects
are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network
without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.
31
STRATEGY AND CONSULTING
ABOUT CONSULTING AND STRATEGY
Consulting and strategic management is the continuous planning, monitoring, analysis and
assessment of all that is necessary for an organization to meet its goals and objectives.
Strategy requires you to make trade-offs in competing - to choose what not to do. In short, the
ultimate aim is to analyze a firm’s performance and make it better.
There are a number of tools and frameworks that they rely on to analyze a company’s
performance. Some of the commonly used are as follows:
SWOT ANALYSIS
WHAT IS SWOT ANALYSIS?
SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, and so it is a technique
for assessing these four aspects of a business
SWOT analysis assesses internal and external factors, as well as current and future potential.
1. Strengths: Strengths describe what an organization excels at and what separates it from the
competition: a strong brand, loyal customer base, a strong balance sheet, unique technology,
and so on.
2. Weakness: They are areas where the business needs to improve to remain competitive.
3. Opportunities: Opportunities refer to favourable external factors that could give an

organization a competitive advantage.
4. Threats: Threats refer to factors that have the potential to harm an organization.
WHY IS IT USED?
It can be used to assess places, competitors, businesses and even to do self-assessments.
Clearly differentiates between internal (strength/ weaknesses) and external (opportunities/

threats) factors to help decision making.
LIMITATION
1. SWOT should be used along with other business tools to assess a business organization.
2. Each point listed within the categories is not prioritized the same.
32
3. SWOT does not account for the differences in weight. Therefore, a deeper analysis is needed,
using another planning technique.
BCG MATRIX (GROWTH SHARE MATRIX)
BCG Matrix provides a graphic representation for an organization to examine different

businesses in its portfolio on the basis of their related market share and industry growth rates.
It is a portfolio management framework that helps companies decide how to prioritize their
different businesses. It consists of 4 quadrants which are:
1. Dogs: These are products with low growth or market share.
2. Question marks or Problem Child: Products in high growth markets with low market share.
3. Stars: Products in high growth markets with high market share.
4. Cash cows: Products in low growth markets with high market share
The matrix reveals two factors that companies should consider when deciding where to
invest—company competitiveness, and market attractiveness—with relative market share and
growth rate as the underlying drivers of these factors.
Each of the four quadrants represents a specific combination of relative market share, and
growth:
1. Low Growth, High Share: Companies should milk these “cash cows” for cash to reinvest.
2. High Growth, High Share: Companies should significantly invest in these “stars” as they
have high future potential.
3. High Growth, Low Share: Companies should invest in or discard these “question marks,”
depending on their chances of becoming stars.
33
4. Low Share, Low Growth: Companies should liquidate, divest, or reposition these “dog”
LIMITATIONS
1. It neglects the effects of synergies between business units.
2. High market share is not the only success factor.
3. Market growth is not the only indicator for attractiveness of a market.
4. Sometimes Dogs can earn even more cash as Cash Cows
PESTEL ANALYSIS
WHAT IS PESTEL ANALYSIS?
PESTLE Analysis (political, economic, social, legal, environmental and technological) is a

management method whereby an organization can assess major external factors that influence
its operation in order to become more competitive in the market.
This type of analysis is used to gauge external factors that could impact the profitability of a
company. Generally, it is more effective with larger organizations that are more likely to
experience the effects of macro events.
WHEN IS IT USED?
34
PESTEL is used to analyse and monitor the macro-environmental factors that may have a
profound impact on an organisation’s performance. This tool is especially useful when starting
a new business or entering a foreign market. It is commonly used in conjunction with SWOT
analysis and Porter’s five forces to give a clear understanding of a situation and related internal
and external factors.
LIMITATIONS
1. Simplistic approach to complex business organizations.
2. Constant changes have made it difficult for the management to anticipate the developments
that can affect the growth prospects of an organization in the long run.
3. PESTLE analysis is only based on an assessment of the external environment.
So, the results obtained from this model are not useful or complete.
PORTER’S FIVE FORCES
Porter's Five Forces is a model that identifies and analyses five competitive forces that shape
every industry and helps determine an industry's weaknesses and strengths. Five Forces
analysis is frequently used to identify an industry's structure to determine corporate strategy.
The five forces are frequently used to measure competition intensity, attractiveness, and
profitability of an industry or market.
Porter's five forces are:
1. Competition in the industry
2. Potential of new entrants into the industry
3. Power of suppliers
35
4. Power of customers
5. Threat of substitute products
Five Forces analysis can be used to guide business strategy to increase competitive advantage.
LIMITATIONS
1. It is backward-looking, making its findings mostly relevant only in the short term.
2. The need to assess all five forces equally when some industries aren't as heavily impacted
by all five.
36
NEWSBYTES
GENERAL AWARENESS TOPICS
The Indian automotive industry: From resilience to resurgence?

Automotive is one of the core sectors of the Indian economy and, to a great extent, serves as a
bellwether for its current state. An ominous fall in commercial-vehicle (CV) sales foretold
impending economic challenges in both 2012 and 2019, while a steep rise in passenger-vehicle
(PV) and two-wheeler (2W) sales was a harbinger of good economic news in 2010.
Indian automotive sales have shown resilience during the pandemic but have not returned to
their pre-COVID-19 strength. What will it take to go from resilience to resurgence?
https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/the-indian-
automotive-industry-from-resilience-to-resurgence
Challenges and Solution of Work from Home (WFM) Trend

Despite all the perks remote workers enjoy, there are several challenges that arise from working
out of the office. According to Buffer’s 2019 State of Remote Work report, the most common
problem remote workers have is unplugging after work – an issue 22% of respondents said they
experience. Loneliness is the second most common problem (19%) while collaboration (17%),
distractions at home (10%), time zones (8%), and staying motivated (8%) are all issues that
affect remote workers and the companies they work for.
https://zapier.com/blog/remote-work-challenges/
A new growth formula for manufacturing in India

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the fragility of the world’s supply chains for medicines
and medical products, food, energy, vehicles, telecom equipment, electronics, and countless
other goods. Certain companies have begun to reconfigure their sourcing and manufacturing
footprints for greater reliability and resilience, setting up more locations so that they don’t have
to depend on just a few geographies. But some nations are not yet ready to take full advantage
of these shifts.
India’s manufacturing sector could become an engine for economic growth and jobs—if it can
specialize. Eleven high-potential value chains could more than double its manufacturing GDP
in a few years.
https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/advanced-electronics/our-insights/a-new-growth-
formula-for-manufacturing-in-india
Workplace trends Post COVID

A recent Gartner poll showed that 48% of employees are likely to work remotely at least part
of the time after COVID-19 versus 30% before the pandemic. As organizations shift to more
remote work operations, challenges would surface to shift performance goal-setting and
37
employee evaluations for a remote context. The focus for management becomes improving
productivity—supporting teammates with the resources they need and scoping projects in a
clear workflow.
https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/reimaginingthe-
office-and-work-life-after-covid-19#
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence - Widespread Job Losses

Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer a thing of science fiction, it exists in the world all around
us, automating simple tasks and dramatically improving our lives. But as AI and automation
become increasingly capable, how will this alternative labour source affect your future
workforce? In this article, we will look at both some optimistic and pessimistic views of the
future of our jobs amidst increasing AI capabilities.
https://www.iotforall.com/impact-of-artificial-intelligence-job-losses
Hope & Resilience in the post COVID-19 world

Describing 2020 as an unusual year would be an understatement. We lived through a little over
three-quarters of fear, uncertainty, and confusion. The impact of Covid-19 has been universal
though sadly some countries suffered a little more than others and some sections of our society
paid a higher price than the rest.
With safety concerns overriding all others, human resource (HR) as a function came under the
spotlight with little time or room to accommodate any failure. The unprecedented situation
narrowed our focus to three challenges:
a) How do we keep people safe?
b) How quickly can we adapt to the new ways of working?
c) How can we sustain the gains we have managed since the lockdown?
https://www.peoplematters.in/article/life-at-work/hope-resilience-hr-in-the-post-covidworld-
28020
How technology will reshape geopolitics?

A year into a new digital normal caused by the pandemic – and well into the Fourth Industrial
Revolution – a new picture of the relationship between technology and geopolitics is emerging.
Artificial intelligence, blockchain and 5G capabilities are fast becoming the frontlines of either
global competition or coordination. These developments are leading to a need for global norms
and protocols to accelerate the benefits and mitigate the risks of these new technologies.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/04/seven-business-leaders-on-how-technology-will-
shape-geopolitics/
Roadmap for a Post-Pandemic World

During the pandemic, many organizations rapidly adapted, moving with more agility than ever
before. Now, as we hang in the limbo between the crisis and a post-pandemic reality, CEOs
are concerned that their organizations will snap back into old ways of working. James Allen, a
partner with Bain's Strategy practice, outlines four steps for CEOs to rebuild the organization
for a faster, more turbulent world.
https://www.bain.com/insights/roadmap-for-a-post-pandemic-world-video/
38
Relevance of gender sensitivity and #MeToo movement
The #MeToo movement began in the United States more than a year ago in response to
accusations of sexual abuse and harassment by powerful men in the entertainment industry and
other sectors. It soon became a global movement as women shared their stories of harassment
or gender-based discrimination.
https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/metoo-takes-fight-for-genderequality-to-new-
heights-un-women-11012250
Electric and Autonomous Vehicles: The Future Is Now

Tech companies have secured their place in the fast lane of an electrified, autonomous world—
and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are hurrying to keep up. As they race to keep
up with digitally minded and cash-flush tech companies, the Covid-19 pandemic also threatens
to hamper progress for some OEMs. Conserving cash and containing costs are now urgent
priorities, requiring careful calibration of research and development (R&D) and capex
investments.
https://www.bain.com/insights/electric-and-autonomous-vehicles-the-future-is-now/
Some Other Topics
1. Online education, work from home: Have we arrived in the virtual world
2. National Recruitment Agency – Pros & Challenges
3. Lessons for the World from COVID Pandemic
4. Nurturing Innovation in the workplaces
5. Impact of technology/digitization on our lives
6. The strategic role of HR Manager
7. Can e-government limit the scope of the informal economy?
8. How to train remote employees to work more effectively?
9. Training and development in 2020
10. Browsing at the workplace affects productivity
11. Gig Economy: Statistics, why is it growing, Pros & Cons, Impact of COVID-19
12. Has employee work-life balance reached a crisis point?
13. Is gender pay disparity within global organizations justified?
39
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1. Candidates need to check http://www.fms.edu website regularly for all notifications,

cut-offs, merit lists, waiting lists etc. All communications with the candidates will be
done through the registered email address of the candidate.
2. For any information or queries related to admissions, you may contact us at: E-mail:
admissions@fms.edu; ao@fms.edu Telephone: 011-2766 6382-6388 (Working days
between 10:00 and 17:00 Hrs.)
3. The interviews will happen virtually unless notified.
4. Kindly login at least 15 mins before the scheduled timings reach. Also, the process may
extend beyond the stipulated timings, so keep a safety margin.
CONTACT US @
FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FMSDelhi/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/fms_delhi
Instagram: www.instagram.com/fmsdelhi/
MEDIA RELATIONS CELL
Facebook: www.facebook.com/MarcusFMSDelhi
Email: media@fms.edu
40
FMS DELHI
WISHES YOU
ALL THE BEST!!!
Media Relations Cell,

Faculty of Management Studies, Delhi
41

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FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

MBA @ FMS ............................................................................................................................. 3

Admission Criteria ..................................................................................................................... 4

Tips to Ace Personal Interview .................................................................................................. 5

Frequently Asked PI Questions ................................................................................................. 6

Interview Experiences ................................................................................................................ 8

Tips to Ace Extempore ............................................................................................................ 11

Extempore Topics .................................................................................................................... 13

Domain specific PI preparation ............................................................................................... 15

General Instructions ................................................................................................................. 40

The weightages of the above aspects are as follows:

Weighted CAT 2020 Score 50%

Marks obtained in Class X 10%*

Marks obtained in Class XII 10%*

Discussion on Statement of Purpose 10%

Personal Interview 15%

Be calm, relaxed, and confident!

RESUME BASED QUESTIONS

QUESTIONS ABOUT SELF

MBA BASED QUESTIONS

Why blue is blue and not red?

STAYING UP TO DATE ON CURRENT AFFAIRS

Education Background: B.Tech

Work Experience: 8 months

Education Background: B.Tech

Work Experience: Fresher

Education Background: B.Tech Biotech

Work Experience: Fresher

Education Background: B.Tech CSE

Work Experience: 6 months

Education Background: B.Tech Mechanical

Work Experience: 5 years

Education Background: B.com

Work Experience: Fresher

Education Background: B.com and CA

Work Experience: 25 months

Education Background: B.com

Work Experience: 10 months

The 3 Wheels of Extempore Speaking

Dos and Don’ts

First think then speak Do not get personal

Add facts and figures Avoid hesitation

SOCIAL ISSUE TOPICS

1. Subsidy in the Fertilizer Sector

CURRENT AFFAIR TOPICS

1. Is Work-Life Balance a Myth?

Marketing is generally defined as a 3-step process, which is:

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ADVERTISEMENT AND MARKETING

Some of the types of segmentation are:

3) Psychographic Segmentation: It divides the buyers into different groups based on

PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE

PESTEL stands for:

BASIC CONCEPTS IN ACCOUNTING

• Owners: To understand the financial health of their company

• Employees: To predict the short-term performance of the company

• Investors – To assess the viability of investing in a given company

• Financial institutions – To decide whether to grant funds to a company or not

There are 3 core financial statements

Balance Sheet summarizes a company’s assets, liabilities and shareholder’s equity at a

Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders Equity

The basic equation underlying the income statement is:

Revenue – Expenses = Income

Financial ratios can broadly be divided into the following categories: