@ Wikio $ ERo Rio Bonet, You can watcha Kurosawa lia Shijaka at he moment @ Be RAGH thse. a You cn listen othe weather forecast on the telephone 2 4 | caer ‘The ss of the verb 14 4 introduced here ist ‘come into being, be complete be Fished, be made te: @ Ro He Raw 2m Tea ‘Abie sapere wa uit a fon of he station, @ Mio Pia vo cette When can you repair this watch by? 5. [ta] is ppede to nour, mts, rd islvays wed wih neptve A sens shat contains it ets eventing excep the word to whichis tached. When eed witha noun o which arte atch itis appended tthe prt unless th or &, which replaces It sugzest inslliieney or ndequaeye @ o-vElH Seu, can only write Romaji @ o-vket Ser. {can weite Romaji [but nothing cise). is Nia Gontrast) In addition to introducing a topic, (can also indicat a contest: @ pvt hares, toit haste, 1 drink wine, but dont dink beee @ sos he hasan s25u basen, ‘The mountains were visible yesterday, bu nt today. 7. (& used to highlight a word with another particle already attached As explained in Book ¥ Anite 1 (p.160), when iis used with a noun to which another Patile is already attached, itis appended tothe particle unless the pale is 2 or & , hich it replaces: @ bea Ke hs ces ceKte. ‘You cant soe any horses in Japan. (See Lesson 18) @ Rho ww cit Bo basecs. Ona ine day, you can soe these, @ commit Mk antvy—w haste. ‘You can't sce Tokyo Sky Tree from here1. Vocabulary PEt Lat (aber) 4Adt0 eee aae0 (a eden] ceard [ABH] obser i (S25 loe) Chieti) wa tyty ~S25L0 OF ne tie ~Um abo liogy Lesson 27 mote avET Gee~) BRET Cbse~] Miner ean) litany Meat [kee~] mela] ® ae 4 ~ee a keep (a pet), raise (an animal) run, drive [along a road} [amountain} can be seen {2 sound] can be heard {a road) be made, be completed, come into existence set up [a class}, open, hold worried, anxious pet bird wave fireworks fool, instrament, equipment (dry) cleaning, laundry house, home condominium, apartment house, blocks of fats kitchen ~ class party room person (respectful equivalent of 2%) after ~ (duration of time) only ~ (used with negatives) other clearlyfurniture bookcase 7 fone day, some day build wonderful children like very much hero, heroine shape fantastic, mysterious pocket ‘for example attach, put on freely sky fy old days, ancient times oncoalf future ay name ofa cartoon characterIl, Translation Sentence Patterns 1. Tan speak little Japanese, 2. The mountains are clearly visible. 3, Allarge supermarket has been builtin front of the station. Example Sentences 1, Can you read Japanese newspapers? ‘No, Ican't 2. You can hear birds singing, can't you? ‘Yes, it’s already spring, isn't it? 3. When was Horyyji built? In 607. 4, How many days’ summer holiday do you get at Power Electric? “Hmm... About three weeks. ‘Thats good, isn't it? At my company, we only get one week. 5, Can you keep pets in this block of flats? ‘We can keep small birds or fish, but not dogs or cats. Conversation ‘You can make anything. can't you? This isa nice bright room, isn't it? ‘Yes. On a fine day, you can see the sea. ‘This table has an interesting design, doesnt it? Where did you buy it? Suzuki: I made it myself. Miller: Ob, really? Suzuki: Yes. My hobby is furniture-making, Miller: Oh, So did you make that bookease as well? Suzuki: Yes. Miller; That's amazing. You can make anything, can't you, Mr. Suzuki? ‘Suzuki: My dream is to build my own house one day. Miller: What a wonderful dream!Ill. Useful Words & Information (0% — Local SI fi mt BR, Bowe Shoe and Bag Repairs; Key Cutting eas ape Hs Heels replaced “Toes repaired and reinforced [Inserts changed Dry cleaning Fasteners replaced Handles and grips replaced Frayed items and seams repaired Keys cut Bune F247) Ri teadks kee vax o TLD 2-27 7H Laundry and Dry Cleaning hops Dry cleaning Laundry Stain removal Water-repellont iniching, Alterations Convenience Store Home delivery service/4 Cash machine, ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) Payment of public utility charges, ete. EY Photocopying, faxingIV. Grammar Notes 1. Potential verbs N/V dictionary-form + =X 4° TS #4 was explained im Lesson 18 of Book I as a form ‘expressing potential. Ths lesson explains potential verbs in another form, Potential verbs ‘Polite form | Plain form ; OES we | aes a28 | i EXbKET | RRbKS fa Tenet | bKS | weer TRA (See Exercise Al, Lesson 27, Main Text) Potential verbs are conjugated as Group Ul verbs Examples: PAST FAS ACE) «HAT [Note that because 44°!) £4 already includes the meaning of possibility, it does not take the form bas F Sentenees in which potential verbs are used 1) Potenil vers indicate states, not actions. Thus, although the object of a transitive verb is is indicated by the particle € , the object ofa potential verb is usualy indicated by 4° @ bArLit GRRL HLEF. 1 speak apanese. @ brit BRRs Heat. — can speak Japanese, Particles other than & remain the same @ he RBA Hirer. can you gett the hospital on your own? @ BPscic SAKATA, I wasunsble to meet Mr Tana 2) Apotential verb can be used to state someone's ability to do something, as in example @, or to indicate that an action is possible in a certain situation, as in example © @ 29—a hia Wes does. Me Miller can read kanji © 20 Kite Kia hasnet, ‘You can change doers at this bank RAST nd MORET RET and ¥= KET are no volitional; hey denote something (indiated by 4) naturally coming into sight, oF a sound naturally reaching one's ears, independent of one's will. 4. & and $= 224 cannot be used to talk about a person deliberately paying attention to something: in that case, a potential vet is used @ Whi, bile hase You can see Mount Fuji fom te Shinkansen, @ s¥to0 Fa theres “The sound ofa radio ean be heard