Major Test - 3 - 27th March 2022 - (21-23) Answer Key & Solutions

ANSWER KEY FOR MAJOR TEST- 03 (FOR 2023 ASPIRANTS) 27th March 2022
1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (4)

6. (4) 7. (4) 8. (4) 9. (3) 10. (4)
11. (3) 12. (3) 13. (2) 14. (2) 15. (2)
16. (1) 17. (4) 18. (1) 19. (3) 20. (3)
21. (4) 22. (3) 23. (2) 24. (4) 25. (2)
26. (4) 27. (1) 28. (2) 29. (3) 30. (4)
31. (1) 32. (3) 33. (3) 34. (3) 35. (2)
36. (4) 37. (2) 38. (4) 39. (2) 40. (3)
41. (3) 42. (4) 43. (3) 44. (1) 45. (3)
46. (1) 47. (2) 48. (3) 49. (1) 50. (3)
51. (3) 52. (2) 53. (2) 54. (1) 55. (4)
56. (4) 57. (4) 58. (4) 59. (4) 60. (2)
61. (2) 62. (4) 63. (3) 64. (2) 65. (2)
66. (3) 67. (4) 68. (1) 69. (3) 70. (4)
71. (4) 72. (4) 73. (3) 74. (1) 75. (2)
76. (2) 77. (4) 78. (4) 79. (2) 80. (4)
81. (2) 82. (2) 83. (4) 84. (3) 85. (3)
86. (1) 87. (2) 88. (3) 89. (3) 90. (3)
91. (2) 92. (3) 93. (3) 94. (3) 95. (3)
96. (1) 97. (3) 98. (1) 99. (2) 100. (4)
101. (2) 102. (4) 103. (2) 104. (2) 105. (2)
106. (3) 107. (2) 108. (2) 109. (1) 110. (1)
111. (1) 112. (4) 113. (1) 114. (4) 115. (3)
116. (2) 117. (3) 118. (1) 119. (4) 120. (1)
121. (1) 122. (1) 123. (2) 124. (3) 125. (3)
126. (4) 127. (4) 128. (1) 129. (2) 130. (3)
131. (1) 132. (3) 133. (2) 134. (4) 135. (3)
136. (2) 137. (1) 138. (3) 139. (3) 140. (3)
141. (4) 142. (4) 143. (2) 144. (1) 145. (4)
146. (4) 147. (3) 148. (1) 149. (3) 150. (2)
151. (2) 152. (3) 153. (3) 154. (2) 155. (1)
156. (3) 157. (3) 158. (1) 159. (1) 160. (4)
161. (2) 162. (3) 163. (2) 164. (4) 165. (4)
166. (2) 167. (1) 168. (3) 169. (2) 170. (3)
171. (3) 172. (4) 173. (1) 174. (2) 175. (4)
176. (1) 177. (4) 178. (1) 179. (2) 180. (3)
CENTERS: MUMBAI / DELHI / AKOLA / LUCKNOW / NAGPUR / NASHIK / PUNE / GOA / BOKARO / DUBAI # 1
ANDHERI / BORIVALI / DADAR / CHEMBUR / THANE / NERUL / KHARGHAR / POWAI
Solutions
1. (2)
2. (3)
3. (1)
4. (1)
5. (4)
The wall events an impulsive normal reaction N on the ball along negative x-direction. Hence wall
also exerts a friction force N on the ball in negative y-direction. Hence both x and y components of
velocities are changed. Hence 4 is only correct choice
6. (4)
7. (4)
 dv  0.25  [(10)  (10)]
Force  m   
 dt  0.01
 25  20  500 N
8. (4)
9. (3)
10. (4)
11. (3)
12. (3)
13. (2)
14. (2)
15. (2)
16. (1)
17. (4)
18. (1)
19. (3)
20. (3)
21. (4)
22. (3)
23. (2)
24. (4)
25. (2)
26. (4)
27. (1)
28. (2)
29. (3)
30. (4)
31. (1)
32. (3)
33. (3)
34. (3)
35. (2)
36. (4)
37. (2)
38. (4)
39. (2)
40. (3)
41. (3)
42. (4)
43. (3)
44. (1)
45. (3)
46. (1)
47. (2)
48. (3)
49. (1)
Cis pent–2–ene trans pent–2–ene according to Le–chatlier principle equilibrium is shifted in the
backward direction because more and more product is being added.
50. (3)
Ice melts with a reduction in volume. Ice is less dense than water. Increase in pressure shifts
equilibrium to water side
51. (3)
PC 5 (g)  PC 3 (g)  C 2 (g)
52. (2)
53. (2)
The value of equilibrium constant remain same 4 104 because in this case value of temperature
does not change, it remain same i.e. 2000k therefore, equilibrium constant remains therefore,
equilibrium constant remains same.
54. (1)
55. (4)
56. (4)
57. (4)
58. (4)
S1 is spherically symmetrical so it has to be s orbital. Since it has one radial node it cannot be 1s, it
has to be 2s as there are n–1 nodes in s–orbitals. S2 also has one radial node. The number of radial
nodes in an orbital is equal to n–l–1. The possible orbitals with one radial nodes are 2s, 3p, 4d and 5f.
The energy of Li2+ in S2 state is the same as that of hydrogen in the ground state:
13.6  Z2
ES2   E H  13.6
n2
For Li 2 , Z  3
13.6  9
ES2   13.6
n2
Therefore, n = 3 and for this value of n there is only one orbital with one radial node viz. 3p
Thus S1 is 2s and S2 is 3p
59. (4)
Velocity of any wave = frequency  wavelength
v   
60. (2)
61. (2)
62. (4)
63. (3)
2NH3 (g)  N2 (g)  3H2 (g)
[N 2 ][H 2 ]3
Q (1)
[NH3 ]2
Given initial concentration as
[NH3 ]  0.20M,[N 2 ]  1M
[H2 ]  1M
Putting the concentration values in equation (1) we get
[1][1]3 1
Q 2

[0.20] 0.0400
Q  25
64. (2)
65. (2)
66. (3)
67. (4)
68. (1)
69. (3)
70. (4)
71. (4)
72. (4)
73. (3)
74. (1)
75. (2)
76. (2)
77. (4)
78. (4)
79. (2)
80. (4)
81. (2)
82. (2)
83. (4)
84. (3)
85. (3)
86. (1)
87. (2)
HCl is 100 % ionised so
[H3O+] = 2.2 × 10–3 M
pH = – log (2.2 × 10–3 M) or pH = 2.65
88. (3)
89. (3)
90. (3)
91. (2)
92. (3)
In the given diagrammatic representation of Hatch and Slack pathway (also known as C4 pathway),
the steps marked as P, Q and R are respectively C4 acids, decarboxylation and C3 acids. It is a
metabolic cycle involved in the non-light-requiring phase of photosynthesis in certain plants having
specific metabolic and anatomical modifications in their mesophyll and bundle sheath cells which
facilitate the temporary fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into four-carbon organic acid. These acids
are then broken down to three-carbon organic acids along with CO2 in bundle sheath cells, where this
freed CO2 is then fixed into carbohydrates in a normal Calvin cycle pathway.
93. (3)
Nitrosomonas converts the ammonia to nitrogen while the Azotobacter is aerobic free-living nitrogen
fixing bacteria residing in soil.
94. (3)
Micronutrients or trace elements are essential elements required by plants in traces only less than
10 mmole kg–1 of dry matter. These are eight in numbers (Zn, Mn, B, Cu, Mo, Cl, Ni, Fe).
95. (3)
Terminal oxidation is seen during ETS
96. (1)
During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon
dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. Factors which influence the
rate of photosynthesis are of two kinds – external (environmental) or internal. The amount of light,
the carbon dioxide supply, temperature, water supply, and the availability of minerals are the most
important environmental factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis in land plants. Plants factors
affecting photosynthesis includes number, age, size and orientation of leaves, mesophyll cells and
chloroplast, internal CO2 concentration and the amount of chlorophyll.
97. (3)
Vernalization is the cooling of seed during germination in order to accelerate flowering when it
is planted.
98. (1)
In the given diagram of Calvin cycle, CO2 is incorporated at stage P.
99. (2)
In glycolysis, the end product is pyruvic acid.
100. (4)
Given figure represents Z scheme of light reaction. The whole scheme of transfer of electrons,
starting from the PS II, uphill to the acceptor, down the electron transport to PS I, excitation of
electrons transfer to another acceptor, and finally down hill to NADP+ causing it to be reduced to
NADPH + H+ is called the Z scheme, due to its characteristic shape.
101. (2)
6CO2, 18ATP and 12NADPH2 are required for the production of one molecule of glucose, 18 ADP
and 12 NADP through 6 rounds of Calvin cycle.
102. (4)
In the presence of an enzyme complex, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, sulphur containing CoA
and NAD+, pyruvate undergoes oxidative decarboxylation or both oxidation (removal of
hydrogen) and decarboxylation (removal of CO2). It produces a 2-carbon active acetate group or
acetyl CoA, NADH + H+ and CO2.
103. (2)
The correct name of the plants A, B, C and D are respectively Selaginella, Equisetum, Salvinia and
Ginkgo. The first three plants belong to pteridophytes and the fourth one belongs to gymnosperms.
104. (2)
105. (2)
106. (3)
Light induced CO2 liberation from a C2 compound (glycolic acid) of dark phase is called
photorespiration. It occurs in green cells only. Photorespiration is absent in C4 plants and is present
in C3 plants. Photorespiration involves three cell organelles–Peroxisomes, chloroplasts and
mitochondria.
107. (2)
XI NCERT Pg 203
108. (2)
The given plants A (Pisum sativum), B (Solanum nigrum) and C (Allium cepa) belong to fabaceae,
solanacea and liliaceae families respectively.
109. (1)
NCERT Pg 247
110. (1)
P, Q, R and S in the given major pathway of anaerobic respiration are respectively NAD+, ethanol,
lactic acid and PEP respectively.
111. (1)
The rate of growth can be measured by an increase in size or area of an organ of the plant like leaf,
flower, fruit etc. in a unit time. The rate of growth is also called efficiency index.
112. (4)
Terminal cytochrome of respiratory chain is cyt a3. cyt a3 posseses two copper centres. It helps in
transfer of electrons to oxygen.
113. (1)
A: Lateral meristem is a meristem that is arranged parallel to the sides of an organ and that is
responsible for increase in diameter of the organ. Fascicular vascular cambium, interfascicular
cambium and cork cambium are the examples of lateral meristem.
B: Apical meristem is a completely undifferentiated meristematic tissue found in the buds and
growing tips of roots in plants. Its main function is to begin growth of new cells in young seedlings
at the tips of roots and shoots (forming buds, among other things). During the formation of the
primary plant body, specific region of apical meristem produces dermal tissue, ground tissue and
vascular cambium.
C: Bast fibres or phloem fibres are made up of sclerenchymatous cells. These are generally absent
in primary phloem but found in secondary phloem.
D: Sapwood is the peripheral region of the secondary xylem. It is involved in the conduction of water
and minerals from root to leaf.
114. (4)
Photosynthesis occurs particularly in specialized cell called mesophyll cells. These cells contain
chloroplast, which is the actual sites for photosynthesis. The cactus stem and guard cell of stomata
contain chloroplasts, so they can manufacture food by photosynthesis. The epidermal cells do not
contain chloroplasts, so they do not perform photosynthesis.
115. (3)
Several ribosomes may attach to a single mRNA and forms a chain called polysomes. The ribosomes
of a polysome translate the mRNA into proteins.
116. (2)
The ratio of the volume of CO2 liberated to the volume of oxygen absorbed per molecule during
respiration is called Respiratory Quotient (RQ). The value of RQ indicates the types of respiratory
substrate.
Volume of CO 2 evolved
RQ 
Volume of O 2 consumed
102
RQ   0.7
145
117. (3)
XI NCERT Pg 195
118. (1)
XI NCERT Pg 204
119. (4)
Ethylene is produced from amino acid methionine. Kinetin is a modified form of adenine, (purine).
120. (1)
Pairs A and B are correctly matched.
Diplotene – Chiasmata
Meiosis – Haploid cells
121. (1)
XI NCERT Pg. 207,208
122. (1)
Auxin is a weakly acidic hormone having an unsaturated ring structure and promotes cell
elongation especially in shoots. Auxins was first isolated from human urine. Auxins like IAA and
IBA have been isolated from plants. NAA and 2, 4 - D are synthetic auxins.
123. (2)
The use of radioactive 14C by Melvin Calvin in algal photosynthesis studieshad led to the discovery
that the first CO2 fixation product was a 3-carbon organic acid.
124. (3)
XI NCERT Pg 232
125. (3)
XI NCERT Pg. 231
126. (4)
127. (4)
Water does not oxidize glucose to provide energy. It maintains the turgidity of growing cells and
provides medium for enzymatic reactions.
128. (1)
The given experimental set up shows the process of hydroponics. Hydroponic is process of growing
plants in a soilless mineral nutrient solution. The A, B, and C are respectively funnel for adding
water, aerating tube and nutrient solution respectively.
129. (2)
ATP synthase is a complex V of the electron transport chain. When the electrons are shunted
over the carriers via complex I to IV in the ETC, the are coupled to ATP synthase for the formation
of ATP from ADP and Pi.
130. (3)
Statement (i) and (ii) are correct. Gibberellins are not responsible for immature falling of leaves.
Ethylene and abscisic acid generally have a negative role and are responsible for immature falling of
leaves, rapid fading of flowers, inhibiting germination etc.
131. (1)
132. (3)
Differentiation is maturation of cells derived from optical meristems of root and shoot. It is applied
to the qualitative differences between cells, tissues and organs. During differentiation cell undergoes
few to major anatomical and physiological changes both in their cell walls and protoplasm. For
example, to form tracheary element, the cells would lose their protoplasm.
133. (2)
XI NCERT Pg. 197, 198
134. (4)
Zeatin is the most common type of naturally occurring cytokinin in plants which was isolated in
pure crystalline form from corn (Zea mays). It is also isolated from coconut milk which is widely
used in the preparation of culture medium and promotes multiple shoot generation from internodes
and high frequency thick spread roots.
135. (3)
Most of the minerals present in soil can enter plants through roots. In fact, more than sixty elements
of the 105 discovered so far found in different plants.
136. (2)
Uric acid is the least toxic among ammonia and urea, thus needs very little amount of water for its
excretion from the body.
137. (1)
Terrestrial organisms excrete lesser toxic nitrogenous waste for conservation of water. This is due
to the fact that terrestrial organisms are adapted to live in water deficient conditions and if water is
eliminated in abundant, the organism can die.
138. (3)
Hilum is a notch towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney through which the
ureters, blood vessels and nerves enter into the kidneys.
139. (3)
The epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule called podocytes. These are arranged in an intricate manner
so as to leave some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores.
140. (3)
JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the Distal Convoluted Tubule
(DCT) and the afferent arteriole at the location of their contact. The kidneys have built in
mechanisms for the regulation of glomerular filtration rate. One such efficient mechanism is carried
out by Juxta Glomerular Apparatus (JGA).
141. (4)
Max reabsorption in PCT, lesser in DCT & least in loop of henle.
142. (4)
The statement in option (4) is incorrect and can be corrected as
Rennin is a proteolytic enzyme that aids digestion of milk protein. Renin acts as a hormone that
converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin. Rest of the statements are correct.
143. (2)
The statement given in option (2) is incorrect and can be corrected as ADH facilitates water
reabsorption, making the urine hyperosmotic. Rest of the statements are correct.
144. (1)
145. (4)
Filtration of blood takes place in Malpighian body.
Malpighian body comprises glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. Filtration of blood takes
place in glomerulus region through glomerular filtration.
146. (4)
Counter-current mechanism in Henle's loop and vasa recta helps to maintain concentration
gradient in the medullary interstitum. Presence of such interstitial gradient helps in easy passage of
water from the collecting tubule. This results in the concentration of the urine.
147. (3)
148. (1)
Myofibrils appear striated due to the presence of actin in lighter region and myosin in darker region.
Each myofibril has an alternate dark and light band on it, due to the distribution pattern of two
important proteins, i.e. actin and myosin in these regions.
149. (3)
The pair in option (3) is incorrect. Its correct form is as follows
Dark bands are called A-bands or Anisotropic bands whereas light bands are Isotropic or I-bands
Rest of the pairs are correctly matched.
150. (2)
Tropomyosin filament of actin / thin filament has troponin
151. (2)
Troponin is responsible for masking and unmasking of active binding sites for myosin on actin
filaments
152. (3)
Calcium is stored in sarcoplasmic reticulum
153. (3)
Sliding of actin and myosin filaments continues till the Ca2+ ions are pumped back to the
sarcoplasmic cisternae, resulting in the masking of actin filaments. This causes the return of Z-lines
back to their original position, i.e. relaxation of muscle fibre.
154. (2)
The 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs do not articulate directly with the sternum but are joined to the 7th
pair of ribs with the help of hyaline cartilage. Thus, these are called the vertebrochondral or false
ribs.
155. (1)
Scapula is a large triangular flat bone situated in the dorsal part of the thorax between the 2nd and
the 7th ribs. The dorsal, flat, triangular body of the scapula has a slightly elevated ridge called the
spine which projects as a flat, expanded process called the acromion.
156. (3)
157. (3)
Option (3) shows the correct match. Other options are incorrect and can be corrected as
Knee joints and gliding joints between carpals are also examples of synovial joints.
Joints between the bones of skull are example of fibrous joints which are characterised by lack of
movement.
158. (1)
159. (1)
160. (4)
Unmyelinated nerve fibre, that do not possess a myelin sheath around the axon, is commonly found
in autonomous and the somatic neural systems.
161. (2)
During the propagation of nerve impulse, when the stimulus of adequate strength is applied to a
polarised membrane, the action potential results from the movement of Nat ions from extracellular
fluid to intracellular fluid.
This is because the permeability of the membrane to Na ions is greatly increased at the point of
stimulation and since Na+ ions are more in the extracellular fluid at resting state, there occurs influx
of Na ions through sodium ion channels by the diffusion. Since, there are more Nat ions entering
than leaving, the electric potential of the membrane changes from –70mV towards +30 mV, i.e.
action potential.
162. (3)
Three major regions make up brain stem, i.e. midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. Brain stem
forms the connections between the brain and spinal cord.
163. (2)
164. (4)
165. (4)
All statements are correct. Midbrain is located between the thalamus/ hypothalamus of the forebrain
and pons of the hindbrain. A canal, called the cerebral aqueduct passes through the midbrain. The
dorsal of the midbrain consists of portion four round swellings (lobes) called corpora quadrigemina.
166. (2)
Neurotransmitters, e.g. acetylcholine are the chemical which are present in the synaptic vesicles at
axon terminals. These are involved in the transmission of impulses at the chemical synapses.
167. (1)
168. (3)
The ionic gradients across the resting membrane are maintained by the active transport of ions by the
sodium-potassium pumps (or ion pumps) which transport 3 Na outward for every 2K+ into the cell.
169. (2)
Sympathetic and parasympathetic neural system control all the functions of visceral organs of the
body. These two systems are the part of autonomic nervous system.
170. (3)
Brain is not involved in knee-jerk reflex as it is an example of spinal reflex. While the muscle
spindle, inter neuron and motor neuron are the part of reflex arc.
171. (3)
The limbic lobe or limbic system, along with the hypothalamus, is involved in the regulation of
emotions e.g. excitement, pleasure, rage, fear and motivation.
172. (4)
Frog is an amphibian and its skin is well adapted or in other words acts as a secondary respiratory
organ when it is in water.
173. (1)
Pneumatic bones are hollow bones found in birds, which enables them to fly. Neophron is a bird.
Other options are incorrect because
* Hemidactylus is a reptile.
* Macropus us a mammal.
* Ornithorhynchus is a mammal.
174. (2)
Mast cells are granulated wandering leucocyte cells. Their granules contain histamine which is
vasodilator and heparin (anticoagulant). These take part in body defence and allergic reaction.
175. (4)
Lymphocytes (20–25%) are the second most abundant leucocytes. These protect us from pathogens
and are involved in the production of antibodies. These lymphocytes are of two types, which are
knows as B–lymphocytes and T–lymphocytes.
176. (1)
Proteins are the most diverse among organic compounds. Among the biomolecules, proteins
constitutes 9–12%, fat 1–3%, carbohydrates 1–2%, minerals 1–3%, nucleic acids 2%, and water 60-
75%.
177. (4)
Among the given options except lipids all are polymers. These are formed by the polymerization of
monomers. The basic unit of lipid are fatty acids and glycerol molecules that do not form repetitive
chains. Instead they form triglycerides from three fatty acids and one glycerol molecules.
178. (1)
Brunner’s glands are convoluted and branched glands found only in duodenum and located in sub–
mucosa
179. (2)
Succus entericus also known as intestinal juice. It is a fluid secreted in small intestine in small
quantity. The secretion of the brush border cells of the mucosa along with the secretions of goblet
cells constitute succus entericus. It consist of various enzymes like lipases, disaccharides,
nycleosidases etc. and mucus.
180. (3)
At high altitude there is low O2 concentration, so RBCs increase in number, i.e. O2 supply can be
maintained to organs.

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Major Test - 3 - 27th March 2022 - (21-23) Answer Key & Solutions