Figure 2.7
Figure 2.8
Pls,y)
2.3 Circles and Ellipses
Circles and ellipses are the figures formed by a section of a cone as
shown in Figures 2.1b and c.
The most familiar of the conic sections, a circle, is often defined as
follows.
Definition 2.2 A circle is the set of points in a plane that are at a given
distance (the radius) from a fixed point (the center) (sce Figure 2.7).
Standard Equations of. Circles
Circles that have their center at the origin have simple equations, As
indicated in Figure 2.8, any point P(x, y) on such a circle is at a distance
from the origin, and by the distance formula,
r= f(x = 07 +(y- 07 = Sx? +
From this we have the following theorem.
Theorem 2.4 A circle having the origin as its center and radius r has an
equation ;
Py
Example 1 A circle centered at the origin, and containing the point
(2,3) has a radius r given by .
r= /Q-0F + 3-07 = /13.
Thercfore, r?=13 and an equation of the circle is
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