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Verification of Kirchhoff's Law and Ohm’s Law

Presented By:
A C Durga Prasad
Student Intern
Emp Id: 8023

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Kirchhoff’s Laws

 Kirchhoff’s laws govern the conservation of charge and energy in electrical circuits

 Kirchhoff’s laws are basically classified in to two types

 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (Closed Loop Rule)

 Kirchhoff’s Current Law (Junction Rule)

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Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (Closed Loop Rule)

 The principles of conservation of energy imply that the directed sum of the electrical potential differences (voltage) around any closed circuit is

zero.

 The net voltage gain and net voltage drops along a closed loop are equal.

 Σ ∆VClosed Loop = 0

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Kirchhoff’s Current Law (Junction Rule)

 As the flow of current is considered as flow of quantity, at any point in the circuit the total current enters, is exactly equal to the total current leaves

the point. The point may be considered anywhere in the circuit.

 At any junction point in the electrical circuit, the summation of all the branch currents is zero.

 If we consider all the currents enter in the junction are considered as positive current, then convention of all the branch currents leaving the junction

are negative. Now if we add all these positive and negative signed currents, obviously we will get result of zero.

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Circuit Topology

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Procedure for Applying Rules

 Assume all voltage sources and resistances are given. (If not label them V1, V2 ..., R1, R2 etc.)

 Label each branch with a branch current. (I1, I2, I3 etc.)

 Apply junction rule at each node.

 Applying the loop rule for each of the independent loops of the circuit.

 Solve the equations by substitutions/linear manipulation.

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Ohm’s Law

 Ohms law states that at constant temperature the current through the conductor between to points is directly proportional to the voltage across

the two points, Introducing the constant of proportionality, the resistance, On arrives at the usual mathematical equation that describes the

relation.

I=V/R

 Here I is the current through the conductor, V is voltage measured across the conductor, R is the resistance of the conductor

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Circuit Topology

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