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Indian
Constitution
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Important Articles of the Constitution of India have always been a crucial part of GK and
current affairs. Questions related to articles and amendments are regularly asked in
competitive exams like SSC, Banking, Railways, etc. Therefore, you should be familiar with
important articles and information related to it. To help you get detailed information related
to Articles of the Indian Constitution we are sharing the following article. Very few of us are
aware that at the time the Indian Constitution was commenced, there were 395 articles. These
articles were divided into 22 parts and 8 schedules. Indian Constitution is already the longest
constitution in the world. It has now grown to 448 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules with 5
appendices, and 102 amendments. To get precise information read the article to know about
the Important Articles of the Constitution of India, and its schedules here.

What do Important Articles of the Indian Constitution Deal With?

The chief architect of the Constitution of India was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. It was adopted by the
Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into force on 26th January 1950. The
information below covers the parts of the Constitution, important articles of the constitution
of India, and schedules of the Constitution of India. Carefully go through the information
below and note the subjects and articles allotted for them.

PARTS SUBJECTS ARTICLES IN INDIAN

CONSTITUTION

I The Union and its territory 1-4

II Citizenship 5-11

III Fundamental Rights 12-35

IV State Policy Directive Principles 36-51

IV- A Fundamental Duties 51-A

V THE UNION

The Executive 52-78

Parliament 79-122

President’s Legislative Powers 123

The Union Judiciary 124-147

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Comptroller and Auditor- General of India 148-151

VI THE STATES

General (Definition) 152

The Executive 153-167

The State Legislature 168-212

Legislative Powers of the Governor 213

The High Courts in the States 214-231

Subordinate Courts 233-237

VIII The Union Territories 239-242

IX The Panchayats 243 to 243-0

IX-A The Municipalities 243-P to 243-ZG

IX-B The Co-Operative Societies 243-ZH to 243-ZT

X The Scheduled and Tribal Areas 244 to 244-A

XI RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES

Legislative Relations 245-255

Administrative Relations 256-263

XII FINANCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS, AND SUITS

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Finance 264-290

Borrowing 292-293

Property, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, 294-300

Obligations, and Suits

Right to Property 300-A

XIII Commerce, Trade, and Intercourse inside the 301-307

territory of India

XIV SERVICES UNDER THE UNION AND THE STATES

Services 308-314

Public Service Commissions 315-323

XIV- A Tribunals 323-A to 323-B

XV Elections 324 to 329

XVI Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes 330-342

XVII OFFICIAL LANGUAGE

Language of the Union 343-344

Regional Languages 345- 347

Languages of the Supreme Court, High 348- 349

Courts, etc.

Special Directives 350- 351

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XVIII Emergency Provisions 352-360

XIX Miscellaneous 361-367

XX Amendment of the Constitution 368

XXI Temporary, Transitional and Special 369-392

Provisions

XXII Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative 393-395

Text in Hindi and Repeals

Importance of Fundamental Rights

Fundamental Rights is one part or section of the Constitution of India. This section provides
rights to the people. Fundamental rights are considered to be basic rights of the people of
India. These are irrespective of religion, caste, gender or creed. In India, there are 6
fundamental rights as the property right was omitted from the fundamental rights list.
It includes -
 Right to Equality - Article 14 to 18
 Right to Freedom - Article 19 to 22
 Right against exploitation - Article 23 to 24
 Right to Religion - Article 25 to 28
 Right to Education and culture - Article 25 to 28

Directive Principles
Directive principles comprises economic, social and political guidelines or principles for a
state. These principles signify that any particular state will encourage the welfare of people
by giving them basic provisions such as food, shelter and clothing. Directive principles
include article 36 to article 51.
The directive principles mirror the reconstruction programme declared by Gandhiji during
the National movement. Basically, these principles reflect the beliefs of liberalism. To fulfill
his dream, some ideas were incorporated in Directive Principles to manage the state
through article 36 to article 51.

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Some Important Articles of the Indian Constitution

Let us now look at some of the important articles of the Constitution of India and what they
deal with.

ARTICLE DEALS WITH

1 Union Name and its Territory

3 New States Formation, Alteration/Change of Boundaries, etc.

13 Laws conflicting with or in deprecation of the Fundamental Rights

14 Equality ahead of Law (generally called as Right to Equality)

15 Banning Discrimination (on the grounds of race, caste, religion, sex or

birthplace)

16 Equality in case of Public Employment

17 Abolition of Untouchability

18 Abolition of Titles

19 Preservation of Rights to Freedom (popularly known as Right to Freedom)

19(1)(a) Liberty of Speech & Expression

19(1)(b) Right to Peacefully Assemble

19(1)(c) Liberty to form Association

19(1)(d) Liberty to Move Freely through India

19(1)(e) Freedom of Settle & Reside

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19(1)(f) Omitted

19(1)(g) Liberty to Practice any Occupation, Profession, Business or Trade

21 Right to Personal Liberty and Life

21(1)(a) Right to Education

23 Barring of Human Trafficking and Forced Labor

24 Prohibition of Child Labor

25 Freedom to Practice & Freely Propagate Religion

29 Safeguarding of Interests of Minorities

32 Remedies for the imposition of Fundamental Rights along with writs

44 Uniform Civil Code

50 Segregation of Judiciary from Executive

51 Development of International Peace and Security

51(1)(A) Fundamental Duties

72 President Powers to Grant Pardons, etc.

76 Attorney-General of India

78 Prime Minister Duties

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85 Parliament Session, Intermission and Dissolution

93 Lok Sabha Speaker & Deputy Speaker

100 Voting in Houses

105 Powers, Privileges, etc. of Parliament Members

106 Salaries and Allowances of Parliament Members

108 Combined Sitting of both Parliament Houses

109-110 Money Bills

112 Annual Financial Budget

123 President’s Power to Propagate Ordinance when the Parliament in

cessation/break

127 Commissioning of ad hoc Judges in the Supreme Court

139 Power of Supreme Court to Grant Certain Writs

141 Supreme Court’s Decision Binding on All Courts

148-149 Comptroller and Auditor-General of India

155 Appointment of Governor

161 Governor's power to Grant Pardon

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165 Advocate-General for a particular State

167 Chief Minister Duties

224 Selection of Additional & Acting Judges in High Courts

224A Appointment of Retired Judges in High Courts

226 High Courts Power to issue writs

280 Finance Commission

312 All India Services

324 Election Commission

335 SCs and STs claim to Posts and Services

343 Official Language

352 National Emergency

356 President’s Rule during State Emergency

360 Financial Emergency

368 Parliament Power to Amend the Constitution

Schedules of the Indian Constitution

Now that you have got an idea about the Important Articles of the Constitution of India. Let
us also gather some information about the Schedules of the Indian Constitution. Given below
is the table that includes the different schedules and their functions.

Schedule Deals With

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First Schedule State names and their territorial jurisdiction.

(Article 1-4)
The extent of the Union Territories and their respective names

Second Schedule States the provisions relating to the salary, privileges, and so on of:
(Articles 59, 65,
75, 97, 125, 148,
158, 164, 186, 1. The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
221)

2. The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly

in the states.

3. The President of India.

4. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha

5. The Governors of States.

6. The Judges of the High Courts

7. The Judges of the Supreme Court

8. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council

in the states

9. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India

Third Schedule Forms of Oaths or Affirmations for:

(Articles - 75, 84,
99, 124, 146, 173, 1. The judges of the Supreme Court
188, 219)

2. The candidates for election to the state legislature

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3. The members of Parliament

4. The Union ministers

5. The judges of the High Courts

6. The state ministers

7. The candidates for election to the Parliament

8. The members of the state legislature

9. The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India

Fourth Schedule Seat allocation in the Rajya Sabha to the states and the union
territories.
(Article 4 & 80)

Fifth Schedule Allocations related to the Management and Control of scheduled

areas and ST (scheduled tribes).
(Article 244)

Sixth Schedule Allocations related to the administration of tribal areas in Meghalaya,

(Article 244 & Assam, Mizoram, and Tripura.
275)

Seventh Dividing of powers among the States and Union in terms of List I
Schedule which is Union List, List-II which is State List and List III which is
Concurrent List. Currently, the Union List comprises 100 subjects
(Article 246)
(originally 97), the state list includes 61 subjects (originally 66), and
the concurrent list includes 52 subjects (originally 47).

Eighth Schedule Languages recognized by the Constitution. Originally, it included 14

(Article 344 and languages but currently, there are 22 languages.
Article 351)

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Ninth Schedule Acts and Regulations (originally 13 but currently 282) 19 related to
state legislatures dealing with land reforms and the eradication of the
(Article 31-B)
zamindari system.

Tenth Schedule Tells the provisions related to the disqualification of the members of
(Article 102 & Parliament and State Legislatures on the ground of defection.
191)

Eleventh Deals with powers, duties, and powers of Panchayats.

Schedule
(Article 243 G)

Twelfth Defines the Municipalities power, authority, and responsibilities

Schedule
(Article 243 W)

We hope this article on Important Articles of the Constitution of India is helpful to you. You
can also download the list of important articles of the Constitution of India PDF from the link
given above. Also, check some useful questions from the below-given FAQs that are generally
asked in the competitive exams. You can also check the Testbook Application to avail
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