1. The primary and secondary of a transformer are ________ coupled but _______ connected.

a) magnetically, not electrically

b) electrically, not magnetically
c) magnetically, also magnetically
d) electrically, also electrically
Answer: a
Explanation: Transformer is the machine which has physical spacing and has magnetic circuit to
exchange the voltage.

2. The leakage flux is the flux in side the transformer which

a) links either of the windings
b) links both of the windings
c) yoke of the core
d) windows of the core
Answer: a
Explanation: Leakage flux is meant to to be loss as it does not link two windings.

3. The voltage induced at the end of primary terminals of a two winding transformer consisting of N
turns is
a) -N*dϕ/dt
b) N*dϕ/dt
c) -dϕ/dt
d) -N*dt/dϕ
Answer: a
Explanation: Emf is induced based on the electromagnetic induction principle for N turns winding.

4. In an ideal transformer, the impedance can be transformed from one side to the other

a) in direct proportion to square of turns-ratio

b) in direct proportion to turns-ratio

c) in inverse proportion to square turns-ratio

d) in inverse proportion to turns-ratio

Answer: a

Explanation: Impedance is transformed in square of the turns-ratio.

5. What will happen if secondary of a current transformer is open-circuited?

a) hot because of heavy iron losses

b) hot because primary will carry heavy current

c) cool as there is no secondary current

d) depends on other parameters

Answer: a
Explanation: If secondary of current transformer is made open-circuited the transformer temperature
will rise to higher value because of heavy iron losses taking place in the circuit due to high flux density.

6. The secondary winding of which of the following listed transformers is always kept closed?

a) Step-up transformer

b) Step-down transformer

c) Potential transformer

d) Current transformer

Answer: d

Explanation: Current transformer works on the principle of shorted secondary. It simply means that
burden on the system Zb is equal to 0. This transformer produces a current in its secondary which is
proportional to the current in its primary.

7. Voltage transformers are designed to have _____________

a) high leakage reactance

b) high magnetizing current

c) high magnetizing reactance

d) low magnetizing reactance

Answer: c

Explanation: Voltage transformers often known as potential transformers are designed with minimum
errors and to achieve this they are constructed with low leakage reactance, low loss and high
magnetizing reactance.

8. In a given transformer for given applied voltage, which of the following losses remain constant
irrespective of load changes?

a) Friction and windage losses

b) Copper losses

c) Hysteresis and eddy current losses

d) Cannot be determined

Answer: c

Explanation: Hysteresis and eddy current losses together called as core-loss in a transformer. These
losses remain constant for constant voltage and frequency applied to a transformer, these components
remain same irrespective of load.

9. Transformer ratings are given in _____________

a) kW

b) kVAR

c) HP

d) kVA

Answer: d

Explanation: There are two types of losses in a transformer, Copper Losses and Iron Losses or Core
Losses or Insulation Losses. Copper losses (I2R) depends on current passing through transformer
winding while Iron losses or Core Losses or Insulation Losses depends on Voltage. That’s why the rating
of Transformer is in kVA.

10. Function of transformer is to _________________

a) Convert AC to DC

b) Convert DC to AC

c) Step down or up the DC voltages and currents

d) Step down or up the AC voltages and currents

Answer: d

Explanation: A Transformer does not work on DC and operates only on AC, therefore it Step up of Step
down the level of AC Voltage or Current, by keeping frequency of the supply unaltered on the secondary
side.

11. A transformer cannot work on the DC supply because __________________

a) There is no need to change the DC voltage

b) A DC circuit has more losses

c) Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction are not valid since the rate of change of flux is zero

d) Cannot be determined

Answer: c

Explanation: For DC supply the direction and the magnitude of the supply remains constant, produced
flux will be constant. Thus, rate of change of flux through the windings will be equal to zero. As a result,
voltage at secondary will always be equal to 0.

12. In a transformer the resistance between its primary and secondary is ______________

a) Zero

b) Very small
c) Cannot be predicted

d) Infinite

Answer: d

Explanation: Since the primary and secondary windings are not connected to each other, one can say
there exists the resistance of infinite ohms. These windings are connected to each other magnetically
not electrically.

13. Turns ratio of the transformer is directly proportional to ____________

a) Resistance ratio

b) Currents ratio

c) Voltage ratio

d) Not proportional to any terms

Answer: c

Explanation: According to the voltage expression, emf induced in the primary is directly proportional to
the change in the flux with respect to the time and number of turns of the primary winding. Similarly, for
secondary winding.

14. Which of the following statement is correct regarding turns ratio?

a) Current ratio and turns ratio are inverse of each other

b) Current ratio is exactly same to the voltage ratio

c) Currents ratio is exactly same to the turns ratio

d) Voltage ratio and turns ratio are inverse of each other

Answer: a

Explanation: Voltage ratio of transformer winding is exactly similar to the turns ratio of transformer,
while voltage ratio and turns ratio is exactly inverse of the currents ratio. Hence, by knowing any of
these quantities on can identify the type of transformer.

15. Which of the following is the wrong expression?

a) i1N1=i2N2

b) i1v1=i2v2

c) i1N2=i2N1

d) v2N1=v1N2

Answer: c
Explanation: According to the transformation ratio, current flowing through the transformer is inversely
proportional to the number turns of winding and voltage applied across it. While, voltage applied is
directly proportional to the number of turns.

16. What is a current transformer?

a) transformer used with an A.C. ammeter

b) transformer used with an D.C. ammeter

c) transformer used with an A.C. voltmeter

d) transformer used with an D.C. voltmeter

Answer: a

Explanation: A transformer used to extend the range of an A.C. ammeter is known as a current
transformer. A current transformer is also abbreviated as C.T.

17. The primary winding of a C.T. has _________

a) a larger number of turns

b) no turns at all

c) intermediate number of turns

d) a few turns

Answer: d

Explanation: The primary winding of a C.T. has a very few number of turns. It is connected in series with
the load circuit through which the primary current flows.

18. Turns ration for a C.T. is _________

a) n = Np ⁄ Ns

b) n = Ns ⁄ Np

c) n = 1 ⁄ Np

d) n = Ns

Answer: b

Explanation: The turns ratio for a C.T. is defined as the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary to
the number of turns in the primary. It is given by the relation

n = Ns⁄Np

19. Instrument transformers provide _________

a) electrical isolation from low rated winding

b) electrical isolation from high rated winding

c) electrical isolation from medium rated winding

d) no electrical isolation at all

Answer: b

Explanation: In an instrument transformer, the low rated secondary windings provide electrical isolation
from the high rated primary windings.

20. Transformation ratio of an instrument is defined as

a) ratio of primary to secondary phasor

b) ratio of secondary to primary phasor

c) reciprocal of the primary phasor

d) reciprocal of the secondary phasor

Answer: a

Explanation: For an instrument transformer, the transformation ratio is defined as the ratio of the
magnitude of the actual primary phasor to the magnitude of the secondary phasor.

21. Eddy current loss in a transformer depends on

a) Frequency alone

b)Voltage alone

c) Thickness of lamination

d) All of these

Ans: (d)

22. If a two-winding step down trans-former is converted into an auto-transformer by using additive
polarity, then

a) The kVA rating gets reduced

b) The kVA rating gets increased considerably

c) The kVA rating remain unchanged

d) None of these

Ans: (b)

23. The main advantage of an auto transformer over a two winding transformer is that

a) Is used only one winding

b) Core losses are reduced

c) It needs no cooling

d) It has simple construction

Ans: (a)

24. In a transformer, at every instant, the direction of the secondary current is such as to oppose any
change of flux. This is as per

a) Lenz’s law

b) Faraday’s law

c) Coulomb’s law

d) Ampere’s law

Ans: (a)

25. What will happen if DC shunt motor is connected across AC supply?

a) Will run at normal speed

b) Will not run

c) Will Run at lower speed

d) Burn due to heat produced in the field winding

Answer: d

Explanation: In case of parallel field connection, it won’t rotate at all and will start humming and will
create vibrations, as a torque produced by positive and negative cycle will cancel out each other. DC
motor will be heated up and it may burn.

26. What will happen, with the increase in speed of a DC motor?

a) Back emf increase but line current falls.

b) Back emf falls and line current increase.

c) Both back emf as well as line current increase.

d) Both back emf as well as line current fall.

Answer: a

Explanation: In case of DC motor, the speed is proportional to the back emf (Ea ∝ N). So, with the
increase in speed, the back emf also increases. Therefore, armature current is also decreased, in case of
series motor, armature current is equal to the line or load current.

27. Direction of rotation of motor is determined by ____________

a) Faraday’s law

b) Lenz’s law

c) Coulomb’s law

d) Fleming’s left-hand rule

Answer: d

Explanation: Flemings laws can be summarized as whenever, a current carrying conductor comes under
a magnetic field, there will be a force acting on the conductor and on the other hand, if a conductor is
forcefully brought under a magnetic field, there will be an induced current in that conductor.

28. The current drawn by the armature of DC motor is directly proportional to ________________

a) Torque

b) Speed

c) The voltage across the terminals

d) Cannot be determined

Answer: a

Explanation: From the equation of torque generated in a DC machine, we know that in both DC motor
and DC generator, current drawn is directly proportional to the torque required by the machine.

29. Which of the following motor is used where high starting torque and wide speed range control is
required?

a) All motors

b) Induction motor

c) Synchronous motor

d) DC motor

Answer: d

Explanation: DC series motor gives the maximum starting torque at starting. With the help of Ward
Leonard speed control method various speeds are also available. It provides one mode to othe
transmission also.

30. What will happen to torque if back emf and speed of the DC motor is doubled?

a) Remain unchanged

b) Reduce to one-fourth value

c) Increase four folds

d) Be doubled

Answer: a

Explanation: Torque depends on armature current, so as long as armature current remains constant
torque will not change. Speed depends directly with back emf thus, it will definitely become double
when back emf is doubled.