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A. HisToRY OF MoDERN TRWDAD M3-Kba. A Fa Bagh Berets, a permis Rie ANB Scanned with CamScanner THE NEWCOMERS. 1638-1971 105 10 g : 3 = ys what hed begun as a temporary measure to fh Semel its ee g o © par pnase of Indian immigration, 1845-70, The schere lid ful : 1S \f | expansion of the sugar indus - stty by providing steady, manageable te by stringent regule e Population asa whole. Although the red workers, it did use | for hucksters and petty shopkeepers, and widened the markers | Provisions and otherlocal food crops. Most estates continued tlic Period to employ Creoles for heavy field work and for factory labour, and these jobs increased as cultivation expanded: ee general economic development that the island experienced in the years after 1850 opened up wider fields of employment for Creole, But it was the sugar indusiry that gained most from Indian immigration, and its prosperity between 1854 and 1004 was largely due to Indian labourers; by 1870. F {ndiistry. In 1871 Indians comprised 25:1 per cent of the total population’ in that year there were 27426 Indians in Trinidad, 4348 - ‘of whom were locally born, The vast majority were still workiagon the estates, aiid nearly 40 per cent were stil indentured. Althaseh a 's had prospered as money-leniders or shopkeepers, the great majority remained low wage-earners, tied to the estates and relegated to the bottom of the social and economic ladder. They had hardly improved thelr material condition since 1845, nor had they ‘made much progress in establishing their own ocial organization

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