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Approximation par différences finies de

l’équation de transport

Schéma de Lax Friedrichs


Convergence du schéma de Lax Friedrichs et Théorème de Lax
Schémas à 2 pas de temps
Schémas implicites
Le schéma de Lax Friedrichs
Trouver u(x, t) : R ⇥ R+ ! R
⇥u ⇥u
+c = 0, x 2 R, t > 0
⇥t ⇥x
u(x, 0) = u0 (x), x 2 R.

Le schéma explicite centré est instable (voir l’amphi 4). On va le modifier

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unj+1 + unj
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On remplace unj par 1


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2
On obtient le schéma de Lax Friedrichs
un n
j+1 +uj

un+1
j 2
1
unj+1 unj 1
+c =0
t 2h
qui se réécrit
c
où .
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C’est un schéma explicite à un pas de temps.


Le schéma de Lax Friedrichs
c
où .
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Comme pour le schéma explicite centré, on montre que la


vitesse de propagation numérique est V num = h / t
t

tn = n t

x
xj
Une condition nécessaire de convergence est donnée par la CFL
c t
V num ⇥ c ⇤⌅ := 1
h
Consistance du schéma de Lax Friedrichs
Si on note U nj := u(xj , tn ) l’erreur de troncature est donnée par
Un n
j+1 +U j
U n+1 1
U nj+1 U nj
n
j := j 2
+c
1
t 2h

Rappel :
Le schéma est consistant ssi
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Le schéma est précis d’ordre k en temps et p en espace ssi


"nj = O( t p + hk ) (p, k) 2 N2
Consistance du schéma de Lax Friedrichs
Si on note U nj := u(xj , tn ) l’erreur de troncature est donnée par
Un n
j+1 +U j
U n+1 1
U nj+1 U nj
n
j := j 2
+c
1
t 2h
U nj+1 + U nj U nj+1 2U nj + U nj
En remarquant que 1
= U nj +
1
on trouve
2 2
1 ! n "
"nj = c − n n
U j+1 − 2U j + U j−1
<latexit sha1_base64="6rMkx7c/5iPRpuzfdsPGeZ1E8yA=">AAAIK3icpVVNb9MwGE7HR0f56uC4i0WZhFg3JeUA0jhsYtI4TQPRbVLTVU7itO4cJ3Kc0MoyJ+78En4NJxBXfgJ3nKRsi5NOSESq5L7Px/v69ZcTERxz0/zeWLlx89bt5uqd1t179x88bK89Oo7DhLmo74YkZKcOjBHBFPU55gSdRgzBwCHoxDl/k+EnKWIxDukHPo/QMIBjin3sQq5Co/YX22fQFcLOrQRDnhR9KUdiKs8E3bQk2AIVcHpGgRT2PiIcAi7BZsvesbvA3mktdVNOyq/WTUy3FEil6E0kGLU75raZf6A6sBaDjrH4jkZrtz/bXugmAaLcJTCOB5YZ8aGAjGOXINmykxhF0D2HYyTyzBJsqJAH/JCpH+Ugj5Z4MIjjeeAoZgD5JNaxLFiHDRLuvxoKTKOEI+oWifyEAB6CrPnAwwy5nMwBdF1VbwK5qsOdQNU0rhapZVP00Q2DAFJP2MpAXAnIMspymKGlhGwlXDnoDYXt4TgicB7zOUGgWKKOJUWnJzVNnARBnUTFR5nkrEYTsdDz6kQZsFSFKed1IhVfqgmXicLrVPuFIm+HqjbbF5CAbP6Xf6qixYw4mvE8SdG1f5V7iOEUlRIHTjgTnsyFf8d1OjmwhuLTFbrGUL7swgKnmYOHfHX6r5wqNnaksLpm19RQhyRoASuwq8xbpS0k7FSq05tQVUh2o4BUrzDlGYFj4iGNp2+/spGv47SM08pWLOGlYYzHAZSVjHFtafVKTUpguRoVCBwPVmn1s7+ga3zENVvEK56IL/HMuXr3IUPRNZ0pcExCWp3jnto1Tki87GILidjT8VkZn+n4QZZXHIzE+65anDNcSXCQXhLSBaHMmCZBdJhvcJsgnw/sSaxuTvRcbFkRl0VMHS1gMzye8KEGF8HRoQRV1/801S0DBGlhKS75LzK+yK2kFlWvWLtj6a9UdXDc27bMbeud2dl9vXjBVo1144nxzLCMl8au8dY4MvqGa/xurDeeNjaaX5vfmj+aPwvqSmOheWyUvuavP7/MA1M=</latexit>
2∆t
<latexit sha1_base64="nxvz3krzQQyFvdMF16S5HUajuwE=">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</latexit>

∆t ! ∂ 2 u "n h2 ! ∂ 3 u "n ! ∂ 2 u "n


<latexit sha1_base64="Ocufn7EtbwDKt/C3cnm+wHZM7FQ=">A AHnXicpV Jb9QwFHZ OmXYWjhyIGKEhNBQJeVAj60AlQOqytJFmkxHjvMyY+os p1hRpY5ceUKv41/g5M beNkKiQsRXLet7xn5zkOMkaFdN3fK9eu37i52lm71b195+69+ sbD45EmnMChyRlKT8JsABGEziUVDI4yTjgOGBwHJy9LvDjKXB 0+SznGcwjPE4oRElWJrQJ191R+s9d9Mth9OceItJDy3GwWhj9bsfpiSPIZGEYSEGnpvJocJcUsJAd/1cQIbJGR6DKivUzlMTCp0o5eZJpFNGazwcCzGPA8OMsZwIGyuCbdg l9H2UNEky UkpEoU5cyRqVMs1wkpByLZ3MGEmHpzLE0dZI 5JtJsS9dP4CtJ4xgnofKNgboU0HWUlzCHpYTImBI92BoqP6QiY3gu5JyBUwKq52nV29KWRuRx3CYx8VEhOW3RZDwNwzZRASxV0UTKNpGJL9Wky0TpVao3laLcDlNt0ReYOcX6L16aosWKJMxkmaTatX+Vh8DpFGqJ4yCdqVCXwr/zNp0e EP17RLdYh f m5Bp4VDCJE5b2UXKw6hVnwcaOX13b5roQHLYQEbsG/Mu7UWUv5UK+XniSmkOMPO1K5wKguCpCwEi2e3X90osvGkjieNVqzhtamg4xjrRkbRWlq70pIyXK/GBOIgxE1a+ rP6RYfpGULsuEJcolnybV3H3PIrtiZCqcsTZpr3DVdE6QsLH5sKVO7Nj6r4zMb3yvyqr2R+tg3H+eUNhLsTS8I0wWhzviSx9l+2eA+g0gO/Ikwf054rl54mdRVzBwtx+d0PJFDC6 Co3 tNF3/09S2jAEnlaW64L8s+Kq0 lZUa3NvefYt1ZwcbW167qb3we3tbC9usDX0CD1Bz5CHXqEd9A4doENE0Bj9QD/Rr87jztvO+85+Rb2 stA8RLXROf4DPczK1A= </latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="Ocufn7EtbwDKt/C3cnm+wHZM7FQ=">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</latexit>
= 2
+ 3
+ O(∆t2 + h4 ) =h 2
+ O(h4 )
2 ∂t j 6 ∂x j
<latexit sha1_base64="a76d82Nt0uMaMm2ylu4MqEG0uto=">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</latexit>

∂x2 j
(voir l’amphi 4) (voir l’amphi 4)
<latexit sha1_base64="etOFH2+arYfc9wKj76r26cN1g14=">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</latexit>

En réécrivant c , on obtient
<latexit sha1_base64="iAN3LDqNiA0Wz2XN8I7diKgu0Ws=">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</latexit>

∆t ! ∂ 2 u "n h2 ! ∂ 3 u "n c
"nj =
= 2
+ 3
+ O(∆t2
+ h 4
)
2 ∂t j 6 ∂x j
<latexit sha1_base64="a76d82Nt0uMaMm2ylu4MqEG0uto=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="0a9q6bIwVDDrZ5pcbw7UQ51Yuo4=">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</latexit>

A fixé, le schéma est consistant et d’ordre 1 en temps et en espace.


Stabilité du schéma de Lax Friedrichs
Le schéma se réécrit
<latexit sha1_base64="9+MDGNKOSwqxf3f1aRGThbIpsAk=">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</latexit>

On utilise la méthode de Fourier-Von Neumann et on cherche les


solution sous la forme
<latexit sha1_base64="hujhpAunnucGqC+lfC/3CRodU/U=">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</latexit>

ce qui mène à <latexit sha1_base64="Tp58rQeIT81GjhatAZdjKM3BsyI=">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</latexit>


avec
1 ⇥ 1+ ⇥
Sbh (⇠, t) = e i h
+ e i h
= cos h i sin h
2 2
Im z

⇠=0
> 1 : Le schéma est instable

Re z 1 : Le schéma est stable


Simulations pour le schéma de Lax-Friedrichs

Simulations numériques : h=0.005, = 1.05


Simulations pour le schéma de Lax-Friedrichs

Simulations numériques : h=0.02, = 0.99


Simulations pour le schéma de Lax-Friedrichs

La solution d’un schéma consistant et stable approche-t-elle la solution de l’équation


continue ? La réponse est OUI. C’est le théorème de Lax

Stabilité + Consistance =) Convergence

Simulations numériques : h=0.01, = 0.99


Notions de convergence

Pour tout n ∈ N , on définit , à partir des (unj )j∈Z , une fonction unh
dans V = L2 (R) via une interpolation linéaire

unh ∈ <latexit sha1_base64="UhzVX1hSvMu7ac69YFTDj+DcWzg=">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</latexit>

xj h

Définition : Le schéma est convergent dans L1 (0, T ; L2 ) ssi

<latexit sha1_base64="Ub8AZBmNeMH+vsdFODfYYj0wrAY=">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</latexit>
Convergence du schéma de Lax-Friedrichs

Le schéma de Lax Friedrichs


où .
se réécrit
<latexit sha1_base64="9+MDGNKOSwqxf3f1aRGThbIpsAk=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="dunmutqUXXdJKNcM0xCmsl3rR+8=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="qcfswGOa08w//T25tBcohDFt6TA=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="nSbo/1Yjd6Qq+2AKY6Qd3V/uS2E=">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</latexit>

L’ erreur de troncature (version continue) est donnée par


n+1 u(x+h,tn )+u(x h,tn )
u(x, t ) u(x + h, tn ) u(x h, tn )
"nh (x) := 2
+c
t 2h
1 ! "
si bien que la solution exacte vérifie εh =
n
u(·, t n+1 n
) − Sh (∆t) u(·, t )
∆t
soit <latexit sha1_base64="P/RnKrdlAEAXnjHIyRYnxcwULOg=">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</latexit>

Introduisons l’erreur : <latexit sha1_base64="xe3p+ozoQfEMh3bD6jPIT+/MpIc=">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</latexit>

alors elle vérifie en+1


h = S h ( t) en
h + t " n
h et par récurrence
n
X
enh = Sh ( t)n e0h + t Sh ( t)n k
"kh 1

k=1
Convergence du schéma de Lax-Friedrichs

On a donc l’estimation

<latexit sha1_base64="E1t2EpOsJkJk7sZsROWWLzkVV9Y=">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</latexit>

1. Estimation L2 de l'erreur de consistance


Un développement de Taylor avec reste intégral montre que (la solution est
supposée assez régulière)
! ∂2u ∂2u "
∀k ∈ N, #εkh #L2 ≤ C( ) ∆t sup # 2 (·, t)#L2 +h sup # 2 (·, t)#L2
<latexit sha1_base64="CIvNjnzisKAvti3G+gIDo+p6L/U=">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</latexit>
t∈[tk ,tk+1 ] ∂t t∈[tk ,tk+1 ] ∂x
ce qui pour la solution de l’équation de transport donne ( <latexit sha1_base64="wqwKESeesI+aM3d+xVKkvjmoGWA=">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</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="jNcFA40TKK03McGPfYKPQffL6hg=">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</latexit>
)
∂ 2 u0
∀k ∈ N, !εkh !L2 ≤ C( ) (∆t + h) ! 2
!L2
<latexit sha1_base64="05i2nwQpra41rSQwIAd55Fr6/Ps=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="wUoG+u1ZN2EbDuVvaw5HUGN+bG4=">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</latexit>
∂x
Convergence du schéma de Lax-Friedrichs

On a donc l’estimation

2
<latexit sha1_base64="E1t2EpOsJkJk7sZsROWWLzkVV9Y=">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</latexit>

1. Estimation de l'erreur de consistance


L
∂ 2 u0
∀k ∈ N, !εkh !L2 ≤ C( ) (∆t + h) ! 2
!L2
<latexit sha1_base64="05i2nwQpra41rSQwIAd55Fr6/Ps=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="wUoG+u1ZN2EbDuVvaw5HUGN+bG4=">AAAIMnicpVXLbhMxFJ0UaEp4tbBkYzVCammIMqkESN20aqWyQFVB9CHFSeSZcRJTz6O2JyRyzYoVH8BfsONnYIGE2PIJLPBM0sd4JrBgoijOPY/rsa+vnYgSLhqNr6W5a9dvzJcXblZu3b5z997i0v1DHsbMxQduSEN27CCOKQnwgSCC4uOIYeQ7FB85J9sJfjTEjJMweCPGEW77qB+QHnGR0KHu4id4JmFqIxn2lIRDxHDECQ0DpbpyoDryRMGzrnzZaSoANwCk+DT53V6BG8lnFVTgxgrcwVQgINbAYDVlnQHYY8iVMEJMEEQ7TXCex6ExVjJWqtNQFzgYaf/zPJVKd7HaqDfSB+QH9nRQ3azXP55+J5/3u0vzH6AXurGPA+FSxHnLbkSiLRN3l2JVgTHHEXJPUB/LdB4KPNIhD/RCpr+BAGk0w0M+52Pf0UwfiQE3sSRYhLVi0XveliSIYoEDd5KoF1MgQpDsAfAIw66gY4BcV883RkLPwx0gvWBC71UFBvidG/o+CjwJtYG8ElBZlKUwwzMJyS64qtVsS+gRHlE05mJM8XR7qraS1aYyNDz2/SKJjncTSadAE7HQ84pECTBTRQIhikQ6PlMTzhKFf1PtTBTpclxWXfL+l3/youkbCTwSaZJsUf9L7mFGhjiT2HfCkfRUKjwfF+lUy27L91foBkP7sgsLMkwcPNzTTeDKWWZ9R0m71qg1DHRyAlNYgzVtXsmUkO4CSkoYB3oiSWMBQ3OGQ5EQBKEeNnhm+WWNeiYeZPEgV4oZPDPkpO8jlcvIC6dWrDSkFGVnowO+46E8rfjtL+gGHwvDFoucJxYzPFOuufppj569Mld7uKnd0lXjhNRLGltI5ZaJj7L4yMR3k7xytytf1/TmdEguwe7wkjCcErKMt7Ef7aUFri+TnmjBAdedEz+WT+xIqElMHy0AGekPRNuAJ8HungJ51/80NS19jIKJpbzkryd8mVopI6pvzMWqbd5S+cFhs26v15uv9AX21Jo8C9ZDa9lasWzrmbVpvbD2rQPLtX6XlktrpVr5S/lb+Uf554Q6V5pqHliZp/zrD4r9BrM=</latexit>
∂x
2. Estimation de !Sh (∆t)k !L(L2 ) , ∀k ≤ n <latexit sha1_base64="Ecs7HPDO9IbxJrM7tFkprGOynYE=">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</latexit>

On a
<latexit sha1_base64="TtB+/zVPhJtAmDAC1ytwJWK95J0=">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</latexit>

Si on applique la Transformée de Fourier


<latexit sha1_base64="kibYn6gltenu7FvLNyxHlgGpQTU=">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</latexit>

ce qui donne
<latexit sha1_base64="q1kaZqqhssRfIxNFttcms5vlwFY=">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</latexit>

Stabilité si
<latexit sha1_base64="mC2R0aAitYwPx7K/sQhiI+t7EwA=">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</latexit>

1
soit
k ν tk
!Sh (∆t) !L(L2 ) ≤ e
<latexit sha1_base64="1BidHhlytEUW0FXcmgr9DxRZRpc=">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</latexit>
≤ eν T,
<latexit sha1_base64="u0dc7HwNc8RkBQBqdono8QU0mIc=">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</latexit>
∀ tk ≤ T. où on a utilisé (1 + s/k)k ≤ es
<latexit sha1_base64="4uYiJ14IXQNd4A28jvhyA4EeKb4=">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</latexit>
Convergence du schéma de Lax-Friedrichs

On a donc l’estimation

2
<latexit sha1_base64="E1t2EpOsJkJk7sZsROWWLzkVV9Y=">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</latexit>

1. Estimation de l'erreur de consistance


L
∂ 2 u0
∀k ∈ N, !εkh !L2 ≤ C( ) (∆t + h) ! 2
!L2
<latexit sha1_base64="05i2nwQpra41rSQwIAd55Fr6/Ps=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="wUoG+u1ZN2EbDuVvaw5HUGN+bG4=">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</latexit>
∂x
2. Estimation de !Sh (∆t)k !L(L2 ) , ∀k ≤ n <latexit sha1_base64="Ecs7HPDO9IbxJrM7tFkprGOynYE=">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</latexit>

k ν tk
!Sh (∆t) !L(L2 ) ≤ e <latexit sha1_base64="1BidHhlytEUW0FXcmgr9DxRZRpc=">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</latexit>
≤ eν T,
<latexit sha1_base64="u0dc7HwNc8RkBQBqdono8QU0mIc=">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</latexit>
∀ tk ≤ T. si 1
3. Estimation de <latexit sha1_base64="v2Jv3SYPiEw/OLu9QtUJ8U1Do64=">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</latexit>
. On montre que <latexit sha1_base64="rWmFCJF5lhxpiJPD4A2dWzQ9ZF0=">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</latexit>
.
Conclusion

<latexit sha1_base64="rApymwStybDx1cq958F1jNzH8QI=">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</latexit>

Comme la stabilité est uniforme ⌫ = 0,


<latexit sha1_base64="+Ho/qqSw1dOxdDAcu3d1qVK6sfY=">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</latexit>

si 1
Convergence des schémas
On vient de montrer pour le schéma de Lax Friedrichs, le théorème

Théorème de Lax
Soit la solution de l’équation de transport supposée suffisamment <latexit sha1_base64="prGjwhBs8XirrZG1mqbADPaZmk4=">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</latexit>

régulière et la solution discrète d’un schéma telle que <latexit sha1_base64="EoS14ZBu2NB/dO6zqR+qBKKnpCQ=">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</latexit>


<latexit sha1_base64="Ly7Guvys1S3F9zCmqMLqRAPJ21A=">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</latexit>

Si le schéma est consistant et stable (potentiellement sous condition


sur alors il est convergent dans le sens où
<latexit sha1_base64="z8N7A7V5q7PLD+nSR1GdLCMz8U0=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="oacZo/1Okpy6AXXZjo2uXRa0y7A=">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</latexit>

Si le schéma est d’ordre p en temps et q en espace (*) alors

<latexit sha1_base64="8tzLlRsXpf01q7iEUgH7uxCU+F4=">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</latexit>

(*) Pour les schémas à 2 pas de temps ou plus, il faut aussi que le schéma de
démarrage ait le même ordre que le schéma (voir le schéma 3 du TD4).
Le schéma de Lax Friedrichs
un n
j+1 +uj

un+1
j 2
1
unj+1 unj 1
+c =0
t 2h

C’est un schéma explicite à un pas de temps.

<latexit sha1_base64="9+MDGNKOSwqxf3f1aRGThbIpsAk=">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</latexit>

Les schémas explicites sont très peu coûteux (en terme de calcul et de stockage)
La vitesse de propagation numérique est V num = h / t
c t
Condition nécessaire de convergence V num ⇥c ⇤⌅ := 1
h
A fixé, le schéma est consistant d’ordre 1 en temps et en espace.

voir l’amphi 6 (eq. équivalente)


<latexit sha1_base64="b1YpkhXVhiAkHx3PkYTtjtrnK1A=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="qPlgH+oe3CrGTCoDcgpqhvhQdeo=">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</latexit>

Le schéma est stable si et seulement si 1.

Il est donc convergent d’ordre 1 en temps et en espace ssi 1


Rappel : si <latexit sha1_base64="prGjwhBs8XirrZG1mqbADPaZmk4=">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</latexit>
est solution de l’équation de transport <latexit sha1_base64="AEWWEFRGwPYdNG0wT1ZdFwS5En4=">AAAHp3icpVVbb9MwFPYGrKNctsEjLxEVEqAyJeUBHjeBNJ7GmNhFarrKcZzWzImD7WStLPPEf+AVfhb/Bicp2+KkExKWIjnnu5xj5zgOUkqEdN3fK6u3bt9Z66zf7d67/+DhxubWo2PBMo7wEWKU8dMACkxJgo8kkRSfphzDOKD4JDh/V+AnOeaCsOSznKd4FMNJQiKCoDShkX9IJlMJOWcXTne82XO33XI4zYm3mPTAYhyMt9a++yFDWYwTiSgUYui5qRwpyCVBFOuunwmcQnQOJ1iVtWrnmQmFTsS4eRLplNEaD8ZCzOPAMGMop8LGimAbNsxk9HakSJJmEieoShRl1JHMKRbuhIRjJOncgQiZejMoTR1oCjlE0mxQ10/wBWJxDJNQ+cZAXQvoOspLmOOlhMiYIj0cjJQfEpFSOBdyTrFTAqrnadUbaEsjsjhuk5j4uJCctWhSzsKwTVQAS1UkkbJNZOJLNWyZiN2kel8pyu0w1RZ9AalTrP/qpSlarEjimSyTVLv2r/IQc5LjWuI4YDMV6lL4d96m00NvpL5do1sM48svLUheOIQ4Miev7GLFcagVnwRaeX2371poQDO8gA3YN+bdWgspP9dK+VliCilOs5PbFeayIEhCQ2zx7ParG0U2ntTxpNGKNbw2FWQSQ93IKFpLa1daUgrr1ZhAHISwSWtf/SXd4mNp2WLZ8MRyiWfJtXcfcpzesDMVTihLmmvcNV0TMBoWPzZG1a6Nz+r4zMb3irxqb6wO++bjnJFGgr38ipAvCHXGlyxO98sG9ymO5NCfCvPnxC/VKy+VuoqZo+X4vLgRRhZcBcf72mm6/qepbRljmFSW6or/uuCr0kpbUa3NveXZt1RzcjzY9txt75Pb2xksbrB18AQ8Bc+BB96AHfABHIAjgMBX8AP8BL86LzofO8ed04q6urLQPAa10YF/AHjGzwA=</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="lK/FHDpW9Tp4yCAj5j6BMO59Je4=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="9Izfub55/u5W70uILqGu+druu4E=">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</latexit>
Le schéma de Lax Friedrichs

solution de l’EDP
solution du schéma

La solution au cours du temps : h=0.01, = 0.99


Sous condition CFL le schéma est bien convergent quand
Mais à fixé, on observe un phénomène de dissipation numérique qui s’accentue
<latexit sha1_base64="/3eykBo9AFvACj1h/8lwGE7h1Ik=">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</latexit>

quand diminue.
<latexit sha1_base64="yPzujFyhnrWCsr30hv/k1APVJ+Q=">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</latexit>

Solution à T=5 <latexit sha1_base64="SYgWGpINS25os46iRLBhk4mE2LM=">AAAHpXicpVVbb9MwFPYGrKPcNnjkJaJCIFSmpDzAHpA2gTRemAbaTWq6ynGc1syJI9sJrSzzxF/gFX4X/wYnKdvipBMSliI557ucY+c4DlJKhHTd3yurN27eWuus3+7euXvv/oONzYfHgmUc4SPEKOOnARSYkgQfSSIpPk05hnFA8Ulw/q7AT3LMBWHJoZyneBTDSUIigqA0oaEPaTqFb92t7e3xRs/dcsvhXEw8e9IDi3Ew3lz77ocMZTFOJKJQiKHnpnKkIJcEUay7fiZwCtE5nGBVVqqdpyYUOhHj5kmkU0ZrPBgLMY8Dw4yhnAobK4Jt2DCT0ZuRIkmaSZygKlGUUUcyp1i2ExKOkaRzByJk6s2gNHWgKeQQSbM9XT/BXxGLY5iEyjcG6kpA11FewhwvJUTGFOnhYKT8kIiUwrmQc4qdElA9T6veQFsakcVxm8TEx4XkrEWTchaGbaICWKoiiZRtIhNfqmHLROw61ftKUW6HqbboC0idYv2XL03RYkUSz2SZpNq1f5WHmJMc1xLHAZupUJfCv/M2nR56I/XtCt1iGF9+YUHywiHEkTl3ZRcrjkOt+CTQyuu7fddCA5rhBWzAvjHv1lpI+blWys8SU0hxlp3crjCXBUESGmKLZ7df3Siy8aSOJ41WrOG1qSCTGOpGRtFaWrvSklJYr8YE4iCETVr76i/oFh9LyxbLhieWSzxLrr37kOP0mp2pcEJZ0lzjrumagNGw+LExqnZtfFbHZza+V+RVe2P1uW8+zhlpJNjLLwn5glBnfMnidL9scJ/iSA79qTB/TvxCvfRSqauYOVqOz8lkKkcWXAXH+9ppuv6nqW0ZY5hUluqS/6rgq9JKW1Gtzb3VuKWak+PBludueZ/c3s5gcYOtg8fgCXgOPPAa7IAP4AAcAQQY+AF+gl+dZ52PncPOcUVdXVloHoHa6Iz/ABqJza0=</latexit>

h=0.01 <latexit sha1_base64="ki6ppKHEqrXjqQSWzwW+BLJSpgM=">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</latexit>

h/2 <latexit sha1_base64="EBwWF85+AVrII28+Mhpbvfjmgzo=">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</latexit>

h/4

…pour différentes valeurs de h, fixé … pour différentes valeurs de , h fixé


Le schéma de Lax Friedrichs

Dans le cas d’une vitesse variable, par exemple <latexit sha1_base64="AXShgg6AyZNzCApRS0Qrap2rNB4=">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</latexit>


, la condition CFL doit être
satisfaite en tout temps
<latexit sha1_base64="CK2SYGy2+MRbI4BZtV1qJp6JkL8=">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</latexit>

Le rapport est donc contraint par .


<latexit sha1_base64="p7suQjJJvJBHboNCBZM9RGGYtK0=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="8W7eHN+7KTJcSpu7fTAZGZza6g4=">AAAHrHicpVVbb9MwFPYGrKPcOnjkJaJCQqhUSXmAx01MGk/TQLtJTVc5zklr5lzkOKGVZZ74GbzCf+Lf4CRlW5x0QiJSJed8l3N8ehx7CaOpsO3fG5t37t7b6mzf7z54+Ojxk97O09M0zjiBExKzmJ97OAVGIzgRVDA4Tzjg0GNw5l1+KPCzHHhK4+hYLBOYhHgW0YASLHRo2uu5AcdEuvvABLaEmk97fXtol4/VXDirRR+tnqPpztZ3149JFkIkCMNpOnbsREwk5oISBqrrZikkmFziGciyYGW91CHfCmKuf5GwymiNh8M0XYaeZoZYzFMTK4Jt2DgTwfuJpFGSCYhIlSjImCViq9i95VMORLClhQnR9WZY6DrIHOseCN2lrhvBVxKHIY586WoDeSOg6igvYQ5rCUVjiRqPJtL1aZowvEzFkoFVdbzvKNkfKUOTZmHYJtHxaSG5aNEkPPb9NlEBrFXRSIg2kY6v1cTrRPFtqv1KUbZDV1vMBWZWsf/rl6ZotSMBC1EmWc3pP8p94DSHWuLQixfSV6Xw77pNp8bORH67QTcY2pdfWdC8cPAh0MevnGLJwVeSzzwlnYE9sA3UYxmsYA0OtHm3NkLSzZWUbhbpQoojbeVmhbkoCIIyHwyeOX51o8DEozoeNUaxhteWKZ2FWDUypq2ltSsNKcP1anQg9HzcpLXv/opu8EEYtiAaniDWeJZcs/uYQ3JLZyqcsjhq7nFPT40XM7/4sMVM7pn4oo4vTPygyCsPpvLzQP85F7SR4CC/JuQrQp3xJQuTw3LAXQaBGLvzVH854bV84yRCVTF9tCyX09lcTAy4Ck4PldV0/U9T0zIEHFWW8pr/tuDL0koZUaX0veWYt1RzcToaOvbQ+WT3d0erG2wbPUcv0CvkoHdoF31ER+gEEZSjH+gn+tUZdo47486kom5urDTPUO3pBH8AGjXQ0g==</latexit>

solution de l’EDP
solution du schéma

Simulations numériques dans le cas <latexit sha1_base64="6HF3kdN/ZrzBOtKL2vxuSwSVEcs=">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</latexit>

Pour des grandes variations de la vitesse, la dissipation peut être très importante.
Remarques sur les schémas à 2 pas de temps
Un schéma est dit à 2 pas de temps quand il fait intervenir les pas de
temps et .
<latexit sha1_base64="7T3x5djzb5XHDM85D8TcoHhKCmA=">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</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="isXeUCJrc9CDaorIxbx5CF7NyKY=">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</latexit>

Exemple: le schéma du TD4 Ex1


un+1
j − u n−1
j unj+1 − unj−1
+c =0
<latexit sha1_base64="c/dEId5tKoZJgpVcwxfGcmBPhH0=">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</latexit>
2∆t 2h

tn+1
<latexit sha1_base64="2cx+YYMf/n6R84Pp8Ntg5L6+hL4=">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</latexit>

tn = n t
tn−1 <latexit sha1_base64="Ci03udLPnWbyTc+Jmbx89WjNCU8=">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</latexit>

xj = j h x
Remarques sur les schémas à 2 pas de temps
Un schéma est dit à 2 pas de temps quand il fait intervenir les pas de
temps et .
<latexit sha1_base64="7T3x5djzb5XHDM85D8TcoHhKCmA=">AAAHoXicpVVbb9MwFPYGrKPcNnjkJaJCQqibkvEA4mkTSIOXaUzsIjVd5ThOa+Y4ke2EVpZ54g/wCr+Mf4NzYVucdELCUiTnfJdz7BzHQUqJkK77e2X11u07a731u/179x88fLSx+fhEJBlH+BglNOFnARSYEoaPJZEUn6Ucwzig+DS4eFfgpznmgiTss1ykeBzDKSMRQVCa0Cnb8ob+kE02Bu62Ww6nPfHqyQDU43CyufbdDxOUxZhJRKEQI89N5VhBLgmiWPf9TOAUogs4xaqsUjvPTSh0ooSbh0mnjDZ4MBZiEQeGGUM5EzZWBLuwUSajN2NFWJpJzFCVKMqoIxOnWLITEo6RpAsHImTqzaA0daAZ5BBJszV9n+GvKIljyELlGwN1LaCbKC9hjpcSImOK9GhnrPyQiJTChZALip0SUANPq8GOtjQii+MuiYlPCsl5hyblSRh2iQpgqYowKbtEJr5UkywTJTep3leKcjtMtUVfQOoU6796aYvqFUk8l2WSatf+VR5iTnLcSBwHyVyFuhT+nXfp9Mgbq2/X6BbD+PJLC5IXDiGOzJkru1hxHGrFp4FW3tAduhYa0AzXsAGHxrzfaCHl51opP2OmkOIcO7ldYS4LgiQ0xBbPbr+mUWTjrImzVis28MZUkGkMdSuj6CytW2lJKWxWYwJxEMI2rXv1l3SLj6Vli2XLE8slniXX3n3IcXrDzlQ4oQlrr3HPdE2Q0LD4sSVU7dn4vInPbXy/yKv2J+poaD7OOWkl2M+vCHlNaDK+ZHF6UDa4T3EkR/5MmD8nfqm2vFTqKmaOluNzMp3JsQVXwcmBdtqu/2lqW8YYsspSXfFfFXxVWmkrqrW5tzz7lmpPTna2PXfb++QOdt/WN9g6eAqegRfAA6/BLvgADsExQOAC/AA/wa/eoPexd9g7qqirK7XmCWiM3ugPgo/MCw==</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="isXeUCJrc9CDaorIxbx5CF7NyKY=">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</latexit>

Exemple: le schéma 3 du TD4


un+1
j − u n−1
j unj+1 − unj−1
+c =0
<latexit sha1_base64="c/dEId5tKoZJgpVcwxfGcmBPhH0=">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</latexit>
2∆t 2h
Ces schémas nécessitent un schéma de démarrage à 2 pas de temps:
u0j = u0 (xj ), ∀j
<latexit sha1_base64="mCqf3digJrlh6rMDvjO5gwraYro=">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</latexit>

u1j =???
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Il n'est pas naturel d’imposer u1j pour l’équation de transport. <latexit sha1_base64="mRz+k6gypg7CMFQzbcPo6owGi2M=">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</latexit>

On peut utiliser des développements de Taylor pour la solution:


U 1j = U 0j + O(∆t) =
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u1j = u0j
0 0
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<latexit sha1_base64="8qDucerL+t5pm7VA7YPAPHVpWKI=">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</latexit>

u u
ou U 1j = U 0j + t + O( t2 ) = U 0j c t + O( t2 )
t j x j
= u1j = u0j 0
c t u (xj )
<latexit sha1_base64="TxkwbYl+UUtDmvXM0hmgo/Cm0FA=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="udz30oOhFlGA6FCKpWym/B8C82I=">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</latexit>

La précision du schéma de démarrage doit être du même ordre que


<latexit sha1_base64="t4b7kS96RhzHNK886mllgWrlHn0=">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</latexit>

le schéma pour préserver l’ordre de convergence!


Remarques sur les schémas à 2 pas de temps
Pour étudier la stabilité, on utilise la méthode de Fourier-Von
Neumann et on cherche les solutions sous la forme
<latexit sha1_base64="hujhpAunnucGqC+lfC/3CRodU/U=">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</latexit>

Dans ce cas, on est en général ramené à la relation


<latexit sha1_base64="fuSgn63EBF3yB3rNMIOuXc1zJP8=">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</latexit>

dont la solution générale est donnée par


<latexit sha1_base64="uO4fg7zbGA0wZqP5WjfxsmlwT/g=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="WtWVPk+e4lLLIsMzEypDKIkvJlY=">AAAIWXicpVVbb9MwFE65bKXcNvbIi0WFtEGZkvEAEiBtYtLgZRqDXaSmrZzktDVznMhxulaWeeJv8UMQfwYnKdvipBMCS5Xc813OsX1iezElibDtn40bN2/dXlpu3mndvXf/wcOV1UfHSZRyH478iEb81MMJUMLgSBBB4TTmgEOPwol39j7DTybAExKxL2IWQy/EI0aGxMdChwYrP9xzEsAYC+nmZpJDoGSq1ECOVV8yte5OyQZ6h7oXRK7j686GGowzrOPuAhUYiY1en7lv0EK/cd/OvZ4bTlv/4CSdoq7BStvetPOBqhNnPmlb83EwWF367gaRn4bAhE9xknQdOxY9ibkgPgXVctMEYuyf4RHIPK1CT3UoQMOI6x8TKI+WeDhMklnoaWaIxTgxsSxYh3VTMXzdk4TFqQDmF4mGKUUiQtlRoYBw8AWdIez7ut4UC12HP8Yc+0IfactlcO5HYYhZIF1tIK8EVBnlOcxhIWGoTX3V3epJNyBJTPEsETMKKAdk21GyvaUMTZKGYZ1ExweZpF+jiXkUBHWiDFioIkyIOpGOL9REi0TRdardQpFvh6426wtMUbb+yz9V0XxFAqYiT1Ls2t/KA+BkAqXEoRdNZaBy4Z95nU51nZ78doVuMLQvv7Agk8whgKG+K658UnzkKel07I5toB5NYQ5rsKPNW6UWku5ESemmTBeS3T9oYlY4ERlBEBqAwTPbr2w0NHFWxlmlFUt4aZqQUYhVJWNSW1q90pBSXK5GB0IvwFVa/eov6AYfhGELouIJYoFnzjV3H3OIr9mZAic0YtU17uiu8SIaZBdbROWOiU/L+NTE97K8cm8gDzv6cPqkkmBvckmYzAllxtc0jPfzBncpDEXXHSf65oRn8oUTC1XE9KeFXE5GY9Ez4CI42Feo6vqfpqZlCJgVlvKS/zLjy9xKGVH9hK20HfOVqk6OtzYde9P5ZLe3385fsKb12HpirVuO9cratj5YB9aR5TfajY+Nw8bn5V/NRrPZbBXUG425Zs0qjebab0y+ES8=</latexit>

où <latexit sha1_base64="9nah4y46IvKcOasIMS1ogzTRvVM=">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</latexit>
sont solutions de l’equation caractéristique
<latexit sha1_base64="+BCWJPJg1hZTZ6oN1BZCkpDOYOo=">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</latexit>

Théorème : Un schéma à 2 pas de temps est L2 stable ssi


<latexit sha1_base64="Ng26/EwHCjZuzBIH+SGNt4zxni8=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="XOi9jfcCbpY+J3Vl3fQfSbs1rbE=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="c0v9xtIVWJjhqvWClzmacbwUkAc=">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</latexit>
Un schéma implicite (voir Exo1 du TD4)
c
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C’est un schéma implicite à un pas de temps.


On ne peut pas calculer les indépendamment les uns des autres. <latexit sha1_base64="edygqk8o4uW+Mj+1UjTqRFaxEKc=">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</latexit>

Système linéaire à résoudre dans le cas de conditions périodiques

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<latexit sha1_base64="wDe55dmy2uW5UFMuoATOFD1R9s4=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="Ocufn7EtbwDKt/C3cnm+wHZM7FQ=">A AHnXicpV Jb9QwFHZ OmXYWjhyIGKEhNBQJeVAj60AlQOqytJFmkxHjvMyY+os p1hRpY5ceUKv41/g5M beNkKiQsRXLet7xn5zkOMkaFdN3fK9eu37i52lm71b195+69+ sbD45EmnMChyRlKT8JsABGEziUVDI4yTjgOGBwHJy9LvDjKXB 0+SznGcwjPE4oRElWJrQJ191R+s9d9Mth9OceItJDy3GwWhj9bsfpiSPIZGEYSEGnpvJocJcUsJAd/1cQIbJGR6DKivUzlMTCp0o5eZJpFNGazwcCzGPA8OMsZwIGyuCbdg l9H2UNEky UkpEoU5cyRqVMs1wkpByLZ3MGEmHpzLE0dZI 5JtJsS9dP4CtJ4xgnofKNgboU0HWUlzCHpYTImBI92BoqP6QiY3gu5JyBUwKq52nV29KWRuRx3CYx8VEhOW3RZDwNwzZRASxV0UTKNpGJL9Wky0TpVao3laLcDlNt0ReYOcX6L16aosWKJMxkmaTatX+Vh8DpFGqJ4yCdqVCXwr/zNp0e EP17RLdYh f m5Bp4VDCJE5b2UXKw6hVnwcaOX13b5roQHLYQEbsG/Mu7UWUv5UK+XniSmkOMPO1K5wKguCpCwEi2e3X90osvGkjieNVqzhtamg4xjrRkbRWlq70pIyXK/GBOIgxE1a+ rP6RYfpGULsuEJcolnybV3H3PIrtiZCqcsTZpr3DVdE6QsLH5sKVO7Nj6r4zMb3yvyqr2R+tg3H+eUNhLsTS8I0wWhzviSx9l+2eA+g0gO/Ikwf054rl54mdRVzBwtx+d0PJFDC6 Co3 tNF3/09S2jAEnlaW64L8s+Kq0 lZUa3NvefYt1ZwcbW167qb3we3tbC9usDX0CD1Bz5CHXqEd9A4doENE0Bj9QD/Rr87jztvO+85+Rb2 stA8RLXROf4DPczK1A= </latexit>

Les schémas implicites sont plus coûteux (en terme de stockage (stockage des
<latexit sha1_base64="ovHSuteC8lFkuYSicgX0Tbht1aU=">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</latexit>

matrices) et de calcul (il faut inverser la matrice ). <latexit sha1_base64="ovHSuteC8lFkuYSicgX0Tbht1aU=">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</latexit>

On montre que est une matrice pleine, si bien que pour u0j = 1 si j = 0, 0 sinon. <latexit sha1_base64="5WTCnVjjgjRHJCGLr2Jzz7gksvA=">AAAHrHicpVVbb9MwFPYGrKPcOnjkJaJCQqhMyZCAx00gjadpoN2kpqsc56Q1cy6yndDKMk/8DF7hP/FvcNKyLU46IWGpknO+yzl2j+0gY1RI1/29tn7r9p2Nzubd7r37Dx4+6m09PhFpzgkck5Sl/CzAAhhN4FhSyeAs44DjgMFpcPG+xE8L4IKmyZGcZzCK8SShESVYmtC41/NjLKdBoPb0uXrl6e6413e33Wo4zYm3nPTRchyOtza++2FK8hgSSRgWYui5mRwpzCUlDHTXzwVkmFzgCaiqYO08N6HQiVJufol0qmiNh2Mh5nFgmGV5wsbKYBs2zGX0bqRokuUSErJIFOXMkalTrt4JKQci2dzBhJh6cyxNHWSKOSbS7FLXT+ArSeMYJ6HyjYG6FtB1lFcwh5WEyJgSPdwZKT+kImN4LuScgVMBqu9p1d/RlkbkcdwmMfFxKTlv0WQ8DcM2UQmsVNFEyjaRia/UpKtE6U2qDwtFtR2m2rIvMHPK9V99NEXLFUmYySrJYtf+VR4CpwXUEsdBOlOhroR/5206PfRG6ts1usUwvvzSghalQwiROX5VFysOoVZ8EmjlDdyBa6EBy2EJG3BgzLu1FlJ+oZXy88QUUh5pp7ArLGRJkJSFYPHs9qsbRTae1PGk0Yo1vDYVdBJj3cgoWktrV1pShuvVmEAchLhJa1/9Jd3ig7RsQTY8Qa7wrLj27mMO2Q07s8ApS5PmGvdM1wQpC8uLLWXmwrXwWR2f2fh+mVftj9XngflzzmkjwX5xRSiWhDrjSx5nB1WD+wwiOfSnwtyc8NLc/JnUi5g5Wo7P6WQqRxa8CI4PtNN0/U9T2zIGnCws1RX/dclXlZW2olqbd8uzX6nm5GRn23O3vU9uf/fN8gXbRE/RM/QCeegt2kUf0SE6RgQV6Af6iX51tjtHnWFntKCury01T1BtdKI/7H/QZQ==</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="1ZaZVPwONsoAEy37wioYX8fsXn4=">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</latexit>

x
La vitesse de propagation numérique est infinie.
Un schéma implicite (voir Exo1 du TD4)
c
<latexit sha1_base64="mr68LfsQbF2z37Yn9SY1aHMwHc0=">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</latexit>

C’est un schéma implicite à un pas de temps.


On ne peut pas calculer les <latexit sha1_base64="edygqk8o4uW+Mj+1UjTqRFaxEKc=">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</latexit>
indépendamment les uns des autres.
Les schémas implicites sont plus coûteux (en terme de stockage (stockage de la
matrice) et de calcul (il faut l’inverser).
La vitesse de propagation numérique est infinie.
C’est en général le cas pour les schémas implicites (pas de condition nécessaire de CV)
Le schéma est consistant d’ordre 2 en temps et en espace et on a

<latexit sha1_base64="SBCJ9Oaawd99df/5KnXLVmuHH+k=">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</latexit>

voir l’amphi 6 (eq. équivalente)

Le schéma est inconditionnellement stable.


Il n y a aucune contrainte sur la discrétisation, i.e. sur le rapport ∆t
h
Il est donc convergent d’ordre 2 en temps et en espace.
<latexit sha1_base64="2D6eIr2jDuwjeLcdcBm4TIjX7Pg=">AAAHrnicpVXNb9MwFPcGrKN8bePIJaJCQqhUTScBx01MGqdpIPYhNV3lJC+tmfOB7YRWljlx4o/gChf+IC78LThJ2RYnnZCIVMl5v4/3/PocuwklXPT7v1ZWb9y8tdZav92+c/fe/Qcbm1vHPE6ZB0deTGN26mIOlERwJIigcJowwKFL4cQ9f53jJxkwTuLovZgnMArxJCIB8bDQofHGlhMw7ElnD6jAllByqsYbnX6vXzxWfWEvFp2dXu/rx9/k5+F4c+2L48deGkIkPIo5H9r9RIwkZoJ4FFTbSTkk2DvHE5BFycp6okO+FcRM/yJhFdEKD4ecz0NXM0MsptzE8mATNkxF8GokSZSkAiKvTBSk1BKxle/f8gkDT9C5hT1P15tioevwplh3Qeg+tZ0IPnlxGOLIl442kFcCqoqyAmawlJC31lPDwUg6PuEJxXMu5hSssucdW8nOQBkanoZhk0THx7nkrEGTsNj3m0Q5sFRFIiGaRDq+VBMvE8XXqfZKRdEOXW0+F5ha+f4vX+qixY4EzESRZDGp/yj3gZEMKolDN55JXxXCv+smnRraI/n5Ct1gaF92YUGy3MGHQB/AYoolA19JNnGVtLv9bt9AXZrCAtZgV5u3KyMknUxJ6aSRLiQ/1FZmVpiJnCAI9cHgmeNXNQpMPKriUW0UK3hlyckkxKqWkTeW1qw0pBRXq9GB0PVxnda8+wu6wQdh2IKoeYJY4llwze5jBsk1nSlxQuOovsddPTVuTP38wxZTuWvisyo+M/H9PK/cH8t3Xf3nnJFagv3skpAtCFXGhzRMDooBdygEYuhMuf5ywjP53E6EKmP6aFkOI5OpGBlwGRwfKKvu+p+mpmUIOCot5SV/O+fLwkoZUZXfW7Z5S9UXx4Oevd0bvNUX2AtUPuvoEXqMniIbvUQ76A06REfIQzP0DX1HP1r91nFr1BqX1NWVheYhqjyt6R9xLdVx</latexit>
Un schéma implicite (voir Exo1 du TD4)

solution de l’EDP
solution du schéma

La solution au cours du temps : h=0.01, = 1.5


Le schéma est stable quelle que soit la valeur de . On observe un phénomène de
dispersion numérique qui s’accentue quand s’éloigne de 1

Solution à T=5… <latexit sha1_base64="g062N7EWa64PHSTYtKvWhTZg0xg=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="tAlTvWlC3RjMkGePVemnhuwN8zM=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="goeg6FkwEMw8PX3t+HzdX6Jjo60=">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</latexit>

… pour différentes valeurs de , h fixé


Un schéma implicite (voir Exo1 du TD4)

solution de l’EDP
solution du schéma

La solution au cours du temps : h=0.01, = 1.5


Le phénomène s’accentue pour une donnée initiale moins régulière!

Solution à T=5… <latexit sha1_base64="g062N7EWa64PHSTYtKvWhTZg0xg=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="tAlTvWlC3RjMkGePVemnhuwN8zM=">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</latexit>

<latexit sha1_base64="goeg6FkwEMw8PX3t+HzdX6Jjo60=">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</latexit>

… pour différentes valeurs de , h fixé


Comparaison de schémas

solution de l’EDP
schéma implicite
schéma de Lax Friedrichs
schéma de Lax Wendroff
schéma décentré

En plus de l’ordre de consistance et la stabilité, la dissipation numérique et


la dispersion numérique constitue d’autres éléments de comparaison.

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