Cambridge International AS Level Chemistry Answers to self-assessment questions

Answers to SAQs
Chapter 16 b CH3

CH3 C C2H5
1 a OH– ions are negatively charged so are
Cl
attracted more strongly than neutral water
molecules to the partially positively charged
carbon atoms in halogenoalkanes.
CH3
b The hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes produces
halide ions; the rate of their formation can CH3 C C2H5
+
be monitored by using silver nitrate solution.
The silver halide precipitates make the
–
reaction mixture cloudy. The ionic equations : OH

for the formation of the precipitates are:

Ag+(aq) + Cl–(aq) → AgCl(s)
CH3
Ag+(aq) + Br–(aq) → AgBr(s)
Ag+(aq) + I–(aq) → AgI(s) CH3 C C2H5 + Cl
–

2 a Both ammonia and amines contain a OH

nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons

5 CH3CH2Br + NaOH(ethanol)
that is available to donate.
 → CH2=CH2 + H2O + NaBr
b tripropylamine (CH3CH2CH2)3N
6 The ultraviolet light from the Sun breaks the
3 H H
C–Cl bonds in the CFC molecules in the upper
δ+ δ–
C2H5 C Cl C2H5 C OH + Cl
– atmosphere. This releases highly reactive
chlorine free radicals.
H –: H
OH

4 a H

H C H
H H H

H C C C C H

H Cl H H

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