!∀#∃%&∃∋()%∗∃ +,∀−.

∋∃ /01023,3
40)0%.3,%.∋∃ 5,∃%∋(.( ,(5∀6&0∗( 7,)( #∃,(
40)0%.3,%.∋∃ 5,∃%∋(.( 0 %5∃,.3 ,(5∀6&0∗( %,60!(

38. %89:;<= >8?≅ΑΒ:Χ: Α; ∆Α;Α?:

6. !∀#!∃%

1. !∀# ∃%&∋() 80 ∗)+,−,, .−)/%/∋ 0) 1−#∋(∀∗ 20m / s , 2) (,∋3,∀ (, ∗∀0+ ∃%&∋() 200 ∗)+,−,. 4∀3,53∋ ∃∀
6∀7∀5∋() ∗∀0+, 5∀# 2) 0+,2,∀ 1 ∗∋(%+. 8,.∀( +∀9, 0) 2)∃(% +−)/∋(% 6−)∀0+,7∀9 5−)∗)(,, .∀2) ∗% 2) 1∋7∀
6∀+−)1(∀ ∃, 6∀+6%(∀ (,6%0+∋ ∗∀0+, .−)+,∀ 1−#∋(∀∗ 10m / s , ∃−%9% 54km / h , , 6∀07)∃:% +−)/∋(%
1−#∋(∀∗ 72km / h . ;∀7∋., 2) 0−)∃:, 1−#∋(, 5∀#, % +∀.% 6−)7,&):, ∗∀0+,? ;∀7∋.∀ 5−)∗)(, /) 0) 5∀#
<)7∀∗ ∃%&∋(∀∗ (,7,#∋+∋ (, ∗∀0+%?
2. =%0+∋(, ()6∀#(,+) +)>(∀0+∋ 0) % 7,1∀−,+∀−∋2∋ ∗∀&) ∀∃−)∃∋+∋ 6∀∗∀/% ∗)(#%−) (0+,.7)(, 6∀0%∃, ∀17∋.,
5,?., 0, 6∀∃)∀<∋∗,) ∋ 5,9) (, 07)∃)/∋ (,>∋(. ≅#∗)−∋ 0) (, 5,9∋ ∗,0, 6−,#() ∗)(#%−) m1 , #,+∋∗ 0)
∗)(#%−, (,6%(∋ ∃∀ ().∀9 6∀∃)∀., +)>(∀3/% 6∀#(,+) 9%0+∋() ρ ∋ ∋#∗)−∋ 0) ∗,0, (,6%:)() ∗)(#%−)
m2 . 8,.∀( +∀9, ∗)(#%−, 0) ∃∀ ∋0+∀9 6∀∃)∀., (,6%(∋ +)>(∀3/% ()6∀#(,+) 9%0+∋() ρ x ∋ ∋#∗)−∋ ∗,0,
∗)(#%−) 0, +∀∗ +)>(∀3/% m3 . ;,.∀ 97,0∋ Α∀−∗%7, 6−)∗, .∀2∀2 0), (, ∀5,2 (,>∋(, ∗∀&) ∀∃−)∃∋+∋
9%0+∋(, ()6∀#(,+) +)>(∀0+∋?
Β 2)∃(∀∗ +,.5∀∗ ∀97)∃% 0% %>)(∋<∋ #, +)>(∀0+ 6∀#(,+) 9%0+∋() .∀−∋0+∋7∋ ,7.∀Χ∀7 >∋2, 2) 9%0+∋(,
ρ = 0,8 g / cm3 . ∆7.∀Χ∀7 0% %7∋7∋ ∃∀ ().∀9 6∀∃)∀., % ∗)(#%−% ∋ ∋#∗)−∋7∋ ∃, ∗)(#%−, (,6%:)(, :∋∗)
∋∗, ∗,0% 0,4kg . Ε)Φ%+∋∗, .,∃, 2) +−)1,7∀ ∃, 0∋6,2% % ∗)(#%−% +)>(∀0+ ()6∀#(,+) 9%0+∋(), 9−)3.∀∗ 0%
0∋6,7∋ #, ∃)0)+∋(% 5)/% #,6−)∗∋(% +) +)>(∀0+∋ ∀∃ %6∀+−)1?)() #,6−)∗∋() ,7.∀Χ∀7, % 6−)+Χ∀∃(∀∗
∗)−):%. Ε,0, .∀2% 0% 6−∋ +∀∗ ∋#∗)−∋7∋ 2) 426 9−,∗,. Γ, .∀7∋.∀ 6−∀<)(,+, 0) 9%0+∋(, .∀2% 0% ∀∃−)∃∋7∋
.∀−∋0+)/∋ (,5)∃)() (6∀9−)3()) 6∀∃,+.) ∋ Α∀−∗%7% ∋#5)∃)(% % 6−5∀∗ ∃)7% #,∃,+., (#, ∋0+) #,6−)∗∋()
()6∀#(,+) ∋ 6∀#(,+) +)>(∀0+∋) −,#7∋.%2) ∀∃ +,>() 5−)∃(∀0+∋? Η∃−)∃∋+∋ +,>(% 5−)∃(∀0+ 9%0+∋()
()6∀#(,+) +)>(∀0+∋. Ε,0, 6−,#() ∗)(#%−) 2) 210 9−,∗,.
3. Ι∀∃,2%/∋ 6∀ 6∀.−)+(∋∗ 0+)6)(∋<,∗, ∀∃ :∋Χ∀5∀9 6∀>)+., ∃∀ .−,2,, 6%+(∋. 6−5∋ 6%+ 6−)Φ) 24 0+)6)(∋.,,
, ∃−%9∋ 6%+, .−)/%/∋ 0) (, ∋0+% 0+−,(%, ,7∋ 6)+ 6%+, 1−&), 60 0+)6)(∋.,. ;∀7∋.∀ 1∋ 0+)6)(∋., 6−)3,∀
.,∃, 1∋ 6∀.−)+() 0+)6)(∋<) ∗∋−∀5,7)?

4. 45, %>)(∋., 0% 0) % 7,1∀−,+∀−∋2∋ Α∋#∋.) ∗,7∀ ∋9−,7, ,7.∀Χ∀7∀∗ ∋ 5∀∃∀∗. Β ∗)(#%−% 0% %7∋7∋ 10cm 3
5∀∃) ∋ ∀∃−)Φ)(% .∀7∋>∋(% ,7.∀Χ∀7,. 8∋5∀ %0%+) +)>(∀0+∋ 2) 1∋∀ ∃∀ 6∀∃)∀., .∀2∋ 2) 1∋∀ ∀#(,>)( 1−∀2)∗
100. Γ,+5∀−∋7∋ 0% ∗)(#%−% ∋ ∃∀1−∀ 2) 6−∀∗%/.,7∋ +,.∀ ∃, 2) 9%0+∋(, 0∗)3) ρ s = 956,5kg / m 3 . 8,.∀(
+∀9, 0% 6−∋∗)+∋7∋ ∃, 0) (∋5∀ +)>(∀0+∋ 06%0+∋∀ (, 6∀∃)∀. .∀2∋ 2) 6∀.,#∋5,∀ 92. Η∃−)∃∋+∋ #,6−)∗∋(%
,7.∀Χ∀7, .∀2∋ 0% %>)(∋<∋ %6∀+−)1∋7∋ #, 6−,5?):) 0∗)3). =%0+∋(, ,7.∀Χ∀7, 2) 0,8 g / cm 3 , 5∀∃)
1g / cm 3 .

5. ≅# 8∋3, #, ϑ)∀9−,∃ .−)() ,%+∀1%0 8∋3-).06−)0, (,%+∀6−)5∀#(∋>.∀ 6−)∃%#)/) ∋# 8∋3,) 1−#∋(∀∗

80km / h . ≅# ϑ)∀9−,∃, 6−)∗, 8∋3%, (,.∀( 5−)∗)(, ∀∃ 30 ∗∋(%+,, .−)() ,%+∀1%0 Κ,0+)
(,%+∀6−)5∀#(∋>.∀ 6−)∃%#)/) ∋# ϑ)∀9−,∃,) :)∗% % 0%0−)+. Λ,0+∀2,:) ∋#∗)Φ% ϑ)∀9−,∃, ∋ 8∋3, ∋#(∀0∋ 230
.∋7∀∗)+,−,. ∆.∀ 2) 1−#∋(, ∃−%9∀9 ,%+∀1%0, 25m / s , 6∀07) .∀9 5−)∗)(, % ∀∃(∀0% (, 5−)∗) 6∀7,0.,
∃−%9∀9 ,%+∀1%0, /) −,0+∀2,:) ∋#∗)Φ% :∋Χ 1∋+∋ 50 .∋7∀∗)+,−,. Η∃−)∃∋+∋ 5−)∗)(, .−)+,:,, −,>%(,+, ∀∃
6∀>)+., .−)+,:, ∃∀ 0%0−)+,, .,∀ ∋ 6−)Φ)() 6%+)5). Μ.∋<∋−,+∋ 9−,Α∋. 0%0−)+,.
 38. !∀#∃%&∋ (∀)∗+,∃−∃ +% .+%+)∃ %∀ /,∃&+)∃ ∋0&∋#&+1 2)∋3∀
6. !∀#!∃%
!∀#∀∃% &%∋%(%)%
∗. +∀)% ,∀ t∗ − −.∀/∀ 01(.∀231 ∋% −1& ∋14∀ ∋1 5.∀∋63∀ /15(% % t 2 − −.∀/∀ 01(.∀231 ∋% 0.∀4∀ 15(%(%) /15(% 6 ∋%
d
01(0731 3%075(6 /15(. 8%∋% ,∀ t∗ = = 5s . 95(%(%) 07(% ,∀ L + d − d / 2 = L + d / 2 6 &% ∃∀:% −%;6
2v∗
su L+d
L + d / 2 = ∗ / 3t 2 (v2 + v3 + v 4 ) 0% ,∀ 13∋% 5.∀∋∃% 2.&63% v sr =
= = 3,64m / s 0.6 <∀/7 ,∀
tu d 3( L + d / 2)
+ ts +
2v∗ v 2 + v3 + v 4
t 2 = ∗2 s . =%∋% 5∀ −1& 0.−6 07( 3%4∀ >∀?1/ ∋7;631/ 3% /15(7 13 ,∀ 0.∀#%1 07( s∗ = L , 2.&631/ v∗ &% −.∀/∀
t ' = L / v∗ = 4s . 9∋ (1: /1/∀3(% 5∀ .%<73% (.%;∀31 −.∀/∀. ≅% 26 ∋1#%1 ∋1 01?1−63∀ /15(% −1& /1.% ∋% 5∀ ).∀Α∀
,1# ,∀∋37 5∀)73∋7 % 3%)13 (1:% 5∀ >∀?1/ ∋7;631/ 3%?%&6 3% /15(7 ∋1) 0.∀?%&6 07( )1,6 ,∀ ,∀∋3%) 01?1−636
∋7;63∀ /15(%. Β.−∀ 4 5∀)73∋∀ 5∀ ).∀Α∀ 2.&631/ v 2 6 0.∀?%&6 07( s 2 = ∗ / 3t 2 v 2 = 40m , ∋.7:∀ 4 5∀)73∋∀ 2.&631/
v3 0.∀?%&6 07( s3 = ∗ / 3t2 v3 = 60m 3%)13 <∀:% ?1)1/1(6−% 3%07#(% /15(. ≅%)?∀ (.%;∀31 −.∀/∀ ,∀
τ = ∗s + 60 s + 4s + 4 s = 69 s .
m
2.Χ75(63% 3∀01&3%(∀ (∀<315(6 ,∀ ρ x = x , 0.6 <∀/7 ,∀ m x = m3 − m∗ , V x = V , 0.6 <∀/7 &%0.∀/63% (∀<315(6
Vx
m m 2 − m∗ m − m∗
01&3%(∀ :75(63∀ /1;∀ ∋% 5∀ 1∋.∀∋6 6& ρ = = (%)1 ∋% ,∀ (.%;∀3% ∆1./7?% ρ x = ρ 3 , 6& <∀:% ,∀
V V m2 − m∗
,%531 ∋% ,∀ 3∀10Ε1∋%3 75?1− ∋% 5∀ .%∋6 1 65(6/ &%0.∀/63%/% (∀<315(6.
Φ 6&−∀∋∀31/ 1:?∀∋7 &%0.∀/63% 3∀01&3%(∀ (∀<315(6 ,∀ &% ∋∀5∀(637 −∀Α% 1∋ &%0.∀/63∀ 01&3%(∀ (∀<315(6
∗ ∗∗ ∗∗ m3 − m∗
V x = V + V = V , :75(63% ,∀ ρ x ' = ρ , 0% ,∀ 0.∀/% (1/∀ :.∀#)% 7 0.1>∀3(6/%
∗0 ∗0 ∗0 m2 − m∗
ρ x '− ρ x ∗ / ∗0 ∗00
∗00% = ∗00% = % = 9,09%. 8%<3% −.∀∋315( :75(63∀ 6&3156 ρ x ' ≈ ∗000kg / m 3 .
ρx ' ∗∗ / ∗0 ∗∗
3. +∀)% ,∀ n − 2.1, 5(∀0∀36)%, l − ∋7;63% 5(∀0∀36>%, n / l − 2.1, 5(∀0∀36)% 01 ,∀∋636>6 ∋7;63∀. Γ)1 5∀ 07(36)
).∀Α∀ 2.&631/ u 7 1∋3157 3% 01).∀(3∀ 5(∀0∀36>∀, −.∀/∀ )1,∀ 13 0.1−∀∋∀ 3% ∃6/% ,∀ t∗ = l /(v + u ) , % 07( )1,6
ul n
0.∀4∀ &% (1 −.∀/∀ ,∀ s∗ = ut∗ = ul /(v + u ) . Β1#(1 −%;6 0.101.>6,% n / l = n∗ / s∗ , ∋126,% 5∀ n∗ = . Φ ∋.7:1/
v+u l
5ul n 4n2 n∗
5?7<%,7 ,∀ n 2 = , 1∋31531 n = = 96 .
v + 5u l 5n∗ − n 2
4. ρ∗ = 0.8 g / cm 3 , ρ 2 = ∗g / cm 3 , V∗ = ?, V2 = ∗dm 3 , Vs = 0,92(V∗ + V2 ) , ∋1) ,∀ m s = m∗ + m2 , 1∋%)?∀ ,∀
ρ 2 − 0,92 ρ s
ρ s 0,92(V∗ + V2 ) = ρ∗V∗ + ρ 2V2 , #(1 5.∀46−%∃∀/ ∋%,∀ V∗ = V2 = ∗5cm 3 .
0,92ρ s − ρ∗
5. Φ)7031 .%5(1,%∃∀ 6&/∀47 Η∀1:.%∋% 6 +6#% d 5∀ /1;∀ 0.∀∋5(%−6(6 )%1 &26. 0.∀4∀36Ε 07(∀−% ,∀∋31: 6 ∋.7:1:
%7(1275% 6 (.∀37(31: .%5(1,%∃% 6&/∀47 ∃6Ε d = x + s∗ + s 2 ,
:∋∀ ,∀ s∗ = v∗ (t + ∆t ) 6 s 2 = v 2 t . 9∋%−∋∀ 5∀ ∋126,% ∋% ,∀ s[km]

d − x − v∗ ∆t ∗4
t= = h . Φ (.∀37()7 575.∀(% ,∀ x = 0 (∀ ,∀
v∗ + v 2 ∗7 200
d − v∗∆t ∗9
ts = = h . Β.−6 %7(1275 5∀ ∋1 575.∀(% ).∀(%1
v∗ + v 2 ∗7
55
t∗ ' = t s + ∆t ≈ h 6 0.∀#%1 07( s∗ ' = v∗t∗ ' ≈ ∗29,4km 0% ,∀ ∗00
34
s 2 ' = d − s∗ ' ≈ ∗00,6km

0,5 ∗ ∗,5 t[h]