PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Quarter
Identifying the Inquiry1-and
Module 3: the Problem
Stating

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 

Practical Research 1 – Grade 11

Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1– Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
First Edition, 2020

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11
 

Practical Research 1
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem

This inst
This instru
ruct
ctio
iona
nall ma
mate
teria
riall wa
was
s cocoll
llab
abor
orat
ativ
ivel
ely
y dedeve
velo
lope
ped
d anand
d
revi
review
ewed
ed by ed educ
ucat
ator
ors
s fr
from
om pu
publ
blic
ic an
andd pr
priv
ivat
ate
e scho
schoolols,
s, co
colle
llege
ges,
s, an
and
d
or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of 
Education at action@deped.gov.ph.
action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback

f eedback and recommendation
recommendations.
s.
 

INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE

It is our desire that this module on Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research will
provide you with a general understanding of how to conduct practical qualitative research
and possibly even encourage you to undertake a study that may have been thinking about
doing.
Research is a delightful way to discover valuable learning and skills. Through this
subject, you help develop your abilities in establishing connections, listening, writing, and
observing which the primary elements are needed in the qualitative research process. You
will find out how to conduct practical researches that you can apply in your specific track.
Often, when we find out that we are going to engage in research, we immediately worry and
put on a skeptical face. It is our goal to replace that worry with excitement, skepticism with
confidence. You will discover how much fun it is to do research as we eagerly learn new
things and develop a new and better perspective about research.
The twenty-first century learning allows you to discover, to improvise, and to interact,
using research as a tool to expand your knowledge and skills. With this module on Practical
Research 1, we hope that you will be able to nurture yourself to be active, creative, and
collaborative
collabora tive researchers.

How to learn from this module

1. In order
order to achieve
achieve the objective
objectives s of this module,
module, here’s
here’s a simple
simple guide for
for you:
2. Read and follow
follow inst
instructi
ructions
ons carefull
carefully.
y.
3. Answer
Answer the pretest
pretest before
before going
going through
through th the
e les
lessons
sons..
4. Take note and record
record points
points for
for clarif
clarificati
ication.
on.
5. Compare your answers
answers against
against the key
key to answers
answers found
found at the end of the module.
module.
6. Do the activitie
activities
s and fully
fully understan
understand d each lesson.
lesson.
7. Answer
Answer the self-che
self-check
ck to monitor
monitor what
what you learne
learned d in each lesso
lesson.
n.
8. Answer
Answer the posttes
posttestt after y
you
ou have
have gone over a
allll the lesso
lessons.
ns.

iii
 

  TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pages

MODULE
MODULE 3 IDENT
IDENTIFYI
IFYING
NG TH
THE
E IN
INQUIRY
QUIRY AND S
STATIN
TATING
G THE PROBL
PROBLEM
EM

Learning Objectives 1

Pretest 2
Less
Lesson
on 1 Th
Thee Su
Subj
bjec
ectt Ma
Matte
tterr of the
the Re
Rese
sear
arch
ch
I. What is a Research Topic 4
II. Rules in Choosing a Research Topic 5
III. Research Topic to be Avoided 6
IV. Sources of Research Topic 7
Post test 11

Pretest 14
Lesson
Lesson 2 Th
Thee Re
Resea
search
rch Pro
Proble
blem
m and Res
Resear
earch
ch Que
Questi
stion
on
I. An Overview of the Research Problem and 15
Research Question
 A. Background of the S Study
tudy 17
B. S
Sttatement of the Problem 18
C. Scope and Delimitation of Study 19
D. S
Siignificance of the Study 21
II. Presenting Written Statement of the Problem 22
Post test 33

iv
 

What I need to know

Did you know thathatt par

parach
achute
utes s fun
functi
ction
on onl
only
y whe
whenn op
opene
ened?
d? In the same
manner your minds work when unlocked. Research study is like you are planning to
travel to a place you have not been to and the question is where and how do you
start. ? Where should you start a research? How do you choose a topic? What far 
will it go and who will benefit from it. In research, you are inclining to think in various
stages that sorts out from the simplest to the most intricate thoughts. You are
beginning to perform what you want to research intending to know a new subject into
higher levels of thinking as you go through the several conditions. The quality of 
thinking and devotion you give to your actions of choosing your research, identifying
question, knowing the coverage and the significance of your research study strongly
determined the success of your research work.

This module will assist you in understanding the following lessons:

Les
esso
son
n1 Sub
ubje
jec
ct Ma
Matt
tter
er of th
the
e Res
esea
earc
rch
h
Lesson 2 Research Problems and Research Questions

Learning Objectives
 After going through this module, you are expected to be able to:

1. desig
design n a res
researc
earchh proje
projectct rel
related
ated tto
o the d daily
aily llife
ife
2. wri
write
te a rerese
seararch
ch ttit
itle
le
3. descr
describeibe th
thee reas
reasons
ons fo forr cond
conducting
ucting the re researc
search h
4. sta
state
te res
resear
earchch que
questi stions
ons
5. indic
indicate
ate s
scope
cope and delim delimitatio
itationn of resea
research
rch
6. cite tthe
he be
benefits
nefits and bene beneficia
ficiaries
ries ooff res
research
earch
7. prese
present nt wr
written
itten state
statementment of tthe he pproble
roblem m

1
 

What I know

Direction: Identify
Direction: Identify how a research project is described on the following statements.

Encircle the letter of the correct answer 

1. A business student plans a research project of an online business. Due to its
limited information (the title) on the nature of the business, which one of these best
applies to the idea?
a. It is too broad.
  b. It is a highly technical subject.
c. It has an acceptable method.
d. It hhas
as a
an
n ac
acce
cepta
ptable
ble pu
purpo
rpose.
se.
2. What is the main advantage of producing a written research project?
a. Helps with liability.
b. Helps the society.
c. Informs all interested parties.
d. Helps keep people employed.
3. Good research proposals will always:
a. focus on the written style.
b. provides respondent names and addresses.
c. consider all possible research previously been done on the topic.
d. focus on addressing the research objectives.
4. Wh
What
at is the reareason
son for con
consul
sultin
ting
g han
handb
dbook
ooks,
s, ye
yearb
arbook
ooks,
s, enc
encyc
yclop
lopedi
edias,
as, or 
reviews in the initial stages of identifying a research topic?
a. They are readily available.
b. They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic.
c. They are primary sources.
d. They avoid reporting statistical data to interpret the results more readily.
5. Which of the following are excellent sources for research topics?
a. Theory

b. Personal experience
c. Replication of prior research
d. All of the above
6. Mr
Mr.. Sa
Santntos
os iden
identi
tifi
fied
ed his
his rese
resear
arch
ch to
topi
pic
c as "cla
"class
ssro
room
om asasse
sess
ssme
ment
nt."
." He
recognized very quickly his topic was far too broad. Which of the following is likely to
have led to that conclusion?
a. There was far too much written on the topic to understand it all.
b. It was difficult to organize the material collected in an effective manner.
c. The potential problems he began thinking would be next to impossible to
study.
  d. All of the above.
7. What is a research project?
a. A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
b. A choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
c. A style in which you present your research findings, e.g. a graph.
d. A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.

2
 

8. Which of these would be assured by you when selecting factors for a study in
general?
a. They have been investigated before
b. They are available to investigate
i nvestigate
c. They are not of interest to you
d. They do not lead to another question
9. Which of the following is a good way to find a research topic?
a. Personal experience
b. Getting an idea from
fr om your advisor 
c. Looking for the next step in the research process
d. All of the above
10. What is not true of a research title?
a. Read the most, and it is usually read first
b. Least important element that defines the research problem.
c. Contains few words that describe the purpose of the research
d. All of the above

 ___________________ 
 ___________________ 

1
This set of questions presented in the pre-test are extracted from an online link
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html   /Cop
/Copyr
yrig
ight
ht © 1995
1995-2
-201
010,
0, Pear
Pearso
son
n
Education, Inc

3
 

Lesso
n The Subject Matter of the Research

1
Developing a good research topic may not be easy for you but it is an
important skill. Your teacher may assign you a particular topic but often requires you
to choose a topic that interests you .In this lesson you are given the guidelines in
choosing a topic when you begin your research work. These pointers will guide you
in sel
select
ecting
ing a googood
d top
topic.
ic. Oth
Other
er fac
factor
tors
s aff
affect
ecting
ing in cho
choos
osing
ing an
andd wri
writin
ting
g yo
your 
ur 
research are topics that need to be avoided this will help you focus clearly on your 
subjects. Likewise the sources of information are important for you to know where
your research topic may come from.

  What’s in?
(
In the previous lesson, you learned to illustrate the importance of qualitative
rese
researarch
ch ac
acro
ross
ss fi
fiel
elds
ds of inqu
inquir
iry
y .Res
.Resea
earc
rch
h ca
cann be cocond
nduc
ucte
ted
d in any
any fifiel
eld
d of 
knowledge .Whatever field you belong you can freely choose the basic research
approaches either the scientific ,naturalistic or mixed. The areas of disciplines that
are classified into soft and hard sciences assist you to understand where you really
fit. These will guide you into this next learning of designing a research project and
writing a research title.
 

What’s New?

I. What is a Research Title1?

1. The most important element that defines the research problem.

2. It is usually read first and the mos
mostt read part of th
the
e research.
3. It contai
contains
ns the leas
leastt words eno
enough
ugh to desc
describe
ribe the co
content
ntents
s and the purp
purpose
ose
of your research paper.
4. It can be rev
revised
ised an
anyy and ma
many
ny times aass the res
research
earch ddevelo
evelops
ps and re
reach
ach its
final phase. It becomes final on its final defence before the panel of judges.
 _____________
 ____________________
_______

4
 

1
 For more information about what is a research title see Abdullah, S.N. (2018) .Practical Research 1: Qualitative
http://www.academia.edu./ppt..
Research [PowerPoint slides].Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu./ppt

 Elements of a Research Title

The research title does

title does not need to be entertaining but informative.

 A part of a research title has the following

following information:
1. The s subjec
ubjectt matte
matterr or top
topic
ic to b
be
e inve
investiga
stigated.
ted. (“W
(“What?”
hat?”))
2. The plac
placee or locale wwhere
here the reresear
search
ch is to be con
conduct
ducted.
ed. (“Wh
(“Where?”
ere?”))
3. The pop
populatio
ulationn like the res
respond
pondents’
ents’ in
intervie
terviewees
wees.. (“Who”?
(“Who”?))
4. Th
Thee time
time pe
peri
riod
od of ththe
e ststud
udyy du
duri
ring
ng whwhic
ich
h th
the
e da
data
ta ar
are
e to be co
collllec
ecte
ted.
d.
(“When”?)

Example:

Subject matter: The teaching of English

Place or locale: in the high schools of Province A
Time period: during the school year 1989-1990
Population: as perceived by teachers and students

Subjec
Subjectt ma
matt
tter
er:: Th
The
e effe
effect
cts
s of th
the
e us
usee of ce
cell
ll ph
phon
ones
es on th
the
e ac
acad
adem
emic
ic
performance
Population to senior high school students
Place or locale: at Department of Education
Time period: during the first semester, school year 2018-2019

II. Rules in Choosing a Research Topic 1

1. In
Inte
tere
rest
st in the
the su
subj
bjec
ectt ma
matt
tter
er.. Int
Intere
erest
st in a su
subje
bject
ct dri
drive
ves
s yo
you
u to res
resea
earch
rch,,
investigate, or inquire about it with full motivation, enthusiasm, and energy.

2. Ava
Availa
ilabil
bility
ity of inf
inform
ormation. Information will serve as evidence to support your 
ation.
claims about your subject matter from varied forms of literature like books, journals,
and newspapers, among others, is a part and parcel of any research work.

What to include in the investigation of the available materials?

a. Upd
Update
ate an
and
d auth
authori
ority
ty of the ma
mater
terial
ials.
s.
b. Copy
Copyright
right d
dates
ates o off the m
materi
aterials?
als? A
Are
re the
they
y new oorr old?
c. Expe
Expert
rt or quali
qualificati
fication
on of the writ
writers
ers of rea
reading
ding ma
material
terials
s about
about your topi
topic
c

5
 

 _____________
 ____________________
_______
1
 For more information about rules in choosing a research topic see Barbour, R. (2014). Introducing Qualitative
Research: A Student Guide. Los Angeles: Sage Pub.USA.

3. Timeliness and relevance of the topic.

How relevant is the topic?

a. It yields results that are useful in society
b. Related to the present. (Except for pure or historical research)

4. Limitations
Limitations on the subjec
subject.
t. Connect your choice with course requirements. You
need to decide on one topic to
finish your course.

5. Personal resources. Do an assessment on your research abilities in terms of your 

financial
financial standing, health cond
condition
ition,, ment
mental
al capac
capacity,
ity, need
needed
ed facili
facilities,
ties, and time
schedule to enable you to complete your research. 
research.   You have to raise an amount of 
money needed to spend on questionnaire printing and interview trips.

III. Research Topics to be avoided 1

1. Controversial topics.
It depends more on the writer’s opinion leading to biases. Facts cannot support
this topic.

2. Highly technical subjects.

Not advisable for beginners as these topics require an advanced study, technical
knowledge, and skills.

3. Hard-to-investigate subjects.
Happens if there are no available reading materials about it and if such materials are
not up-to-date.

4. Too broad subjects.

It prevents you from to focus on the subject matter of the paper.
Narrow down or limit the subject to eliminate the problem.

5. Too narrow subjects.

subjects.
Subjects that are so limited where an extensive searching is necessary.

6. Vague subjects.
Titles beginning with indefinite adjectives such as several, many, some, etc., as in
“Some Remarkable Traits of a Filipino” or “Several People’s Comments on the RH
Law,” are vague enough to decrease the readers’ interests and curiosity.

 _____________
 ____________________
_______

6
 

 For more information about rules in choosing a research topic see   Baraceros, E.L. (2016).Practical
1
(2016).Practical
Research’s .Ist ed. Rex Bookstore. Manila

IV. Sources of Research Topics1

1. Mass media communication – press (newspapers, ads, TV, radio, films, etc.)
2. Books, Internet, peer-reviewed journals, government publications

3. Professional periodicals like College English Language Teaching Forum, English

Forum, the Economist, Academia, Business Circle, Law Review, etc.

4. General periodicals such as Readers’ Digest, Women’s Magazine, Panorama

Magazine, Time Magazine, World Mission Magazine, etc.

5. Previous reading assignments in your other subjects

6. Work experience – clues to a researchable topic from full-time or part-time jobs,

OJT (on-the-job training) experience, fieldwork, etc.

Activity 1: Question
1: Question and Answer 
Directions:   Answer the questions iin
Directions: n 3-5 sentences only. Wr
Write
ite your answers on the
space provided.

1. What are the rules in choosing a research topic?

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2. What are those topics to avoid in preventing you to have a clear focus on your
research paper?

 __________________________________
 _____________________________________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
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______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
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7
 

 ____________________ 
 _____________ _______ 
1
 For more information about sources of research topic s see: Silverman, D. 2013. Doing Qualitative
Qualitativ e
Research. 4th ed. London: Sage Pub.USA.

3. Where can you find sources of research topics to create ideas of selecting a good
subject matter?

 __________________________________
 _____________________________________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
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_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
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______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
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 __________________________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 

  What is it?

Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned the rules in choosing a research subject. These includes topics
to be avoided and the sources of where to search.
1. What top
topics
ics you fi
find
nd most rel
relevant
evant in y
your
our dail
daily
y life pote
potential
ntial to re
researc
search?
h? Cite
two issues.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
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 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_____________  _ 

2. How abo
about
ut a writi
writing
ng a good rresea
esearch
rch titl
title?
e? Pres
Present
ent (1) on
one
e good ex
example
ample o
off a
research title and (1) NOT so good title. Describe each.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
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 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
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________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
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________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
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________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
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 ____________ _______________________
________________________
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_______________ 
___ 

8
 

  What’s more?

Narrowing Your Topic

Given the following broad topics for research, select one topic of your choice and
narrow or limit the topic to make it specific. Use the narrowing chart to fill in
i n the topic.

Topics to choose:
1. Clim
Climatatee Ch
Chanangege
2. So
Socicial
al Ne
Netwtwor
orki
king
ng
3. Co
Commmmun unic
icat
atio
ionn Sk
Skil
ills
ls
4. Me
Medidici
cina
nall Pla
Plant
ntss
5. Cu
Cultltur
ural
al B
Belelie
iefs
fs
Example: Topic Chocolate

Topic Chocolate
Sub-Topics History of chocolate, making of
chocolate, health aspects of chocolate,
chocolate addictions, brands of
chocolate

What sub-topics are of most interest to Health aspects of chocolate.

you?

What new questions do you have about  Are there health benefits
benefits to eating
your topic? chocolate? Can chocolate boost your
mood? Is chocolate addictive?

Develop a topic statement I will explore the health benefits of

eating chocolate, specifically focusing
on how chocolate affects moods and
brain chemistry.

Narrowing Chart

Topic

Sub-Topics

What sub-topics are of most interest to

9
 

you?

What new questions do you have about

your topic?

Develop a topic statement

What I have learned

Think of thi
Think this
s sta
statem
tement
ent::  A good research is seen in the way its topic is outlined.
When you choose topics for your research, you have to think about the reasons why
you identified those topics.

How will you write a good research topic?

 __________________________________
 _______________________ ______________________
_______________________
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______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 

What I can do

Recall or search on the following as a research topic:

a. Essay
Essays s or reflec
reflections
tions yo
you
u have writ
written
ten from pa
past
st class
classes
es and oth
other
er activ
activities
ities
you have taken or a lecture you have attended
b. Life
Life ex
expe
peri
rien
ence
cess
c. Issue
Issuess or p
proble
roblems
ms o observ
bserved
ed in your s
surrou
urroundin
ndings
gs

Thinking back, what subject matter most interesting to you?

10
 

Propose a title out of the above research topics. Write your title on the spaces
 provided. (Save the titles for the additional activity to be done)
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
_____________________ 
_________ 

 Additional Activity

From the topics or titles you had saved, browse through some current articles that
relates to the subject matter that interest you to research. Read and summarize the
topic using the narrowing chart
chart on page 9 of this lesson. It is important that you save
this task for your next lesson.

Assessment

Direction: Identify
Direction: Identify how a research project is described on the following statements.
Encircle the letter of the correct answer 

1. Which of the following is a good way to find a research topic?

a. Personal experience
b. Getting an idea from
fr om your advisor 
c. Looking for the next step in the research process
d. All of the above
2. What is a not true of a research title?
a. Read the most, and it is usually read first
b. Least important element that defines the research problem.
c. Contains few words that describe the purpose of the research
d. All of the above

11
 

3. Wh
What at is the rea
reason
son for con
consul
sultin
ting
g han
handb
dbook
ooks,
s, ye
yearb
arbook
ooks,
s, enc
encyc
yclop
lopedi
edias,
as, or 
reviews in the initial stages of identifying a research topic?
a. They are readily available.
b. They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic.
c. They are primary sources.
d. They avoid reporting statistical data to interpret the results more readily.
4. Which of the following are excellent sources for research topics?
a. Theory
b. Personal experience
c. Replication of prior research
d. All of the above
5. Mr
Mr.. Sa
Santntos
os iden
identi
tifi
fied
ed his
his rese
researarch
ch to
topi
pic
c as "cla
"class
ssro
room
om asasse
sess
ssme
ment
nt."
." He
recognized very quickly his topic was far too broad. Which of the following is likely to
have led to that conclusion?
a. There was far too much written on the topic to understand it all.
b. It was difficult to organize the material collected in an effective manner.
c. The potential problems he began thinking would be next to impossible to
study.
  d. All of the above.
6. What is a research project?
a. A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
b. A choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
c. A style in which you present your research findings, e.g. a graph.
d. A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.
7. Which of these would be assured by you when selecting factors for a study in
general?
a. They have been investigated before
b. They are available to investigate
i nvestigate
c. They are not of interest to you
d. They do not lead to another question
8. A business student plans a research project; it is called a description of an online
business. On the limited information (the title), which one of these best applies to the
idea?
a. It is too broad.
  b. It is a highly technical subject.
c. It has an acceptable method.
d. It has an acceptable purpose.
9. What is the main advantage of producing a written research project?
a. Helps with liability.
b. Helps the society.
c. Informs all interested parties.
d. Helps keep people employed.

 ___________________ 
 ___________________ 

1
This set of questions presented in the post-test are extracted from an online link
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html   /Cop
/Copyr
yrig
ight
ht © 1995
1995-2
-201
010,
0, Pear
Pearso
son
n
Education, Inc

12
 

10. Good research proposals will always:

a. Focus on the written style.
b. Provides respondent names and addresses.
c. Consider all possible research previously been done on the topic.
d. Focus on addressing the research objectives.
d. They do not lead to another question

 ___________________ 
 ___________________ 
1
This set of questions presented in the post-test are extracted from an online link
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html   /Cop
/Copyr
yrig
ight
ht © 1995
1995-2
-201
010,
0, Pear
Pearso
son
n
Education, Inc

13
 

REFERENCES

 Abdullah, S.N. (2018) .Practical

.Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research
Research [PowerPoint
slides].Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu./p
http://www.academia.edu./pptpt

Babbie, E. (2014).The Basics of Social Research. 6th ed. Wadsworth-Cengag

Wadsworth-Cengage
e
Learning.USA.

Barbour, R. (2014). Introducing Qualitative Research: A Student Guide. Los Angeles:

Sage.

Calmorin, L.P. (2016).Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics and Computer
 Application .Rev.ed.Rex Book
Book Store.Manila

Cristobal, A.P., Jr, & Cristobal, M.D. (2016). Practical Research 1 for Senior High
School .Ist ed.C & E Publishing Inc.Quezon City.

 Accessed in June
June 2020

https://wps.prenhall.com/chet_airasian_edresearch_7/5/1488/380982.cw/index.html

https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch_1/209/53534/13704779.cw/index.
html /Copyright © 1995-2010, Pearson Education, Inc.

Key Answer 

Pretest

1. b 2.a 3.c 4.b 5.b 6.d 7.a 8.b 9.d 10.b

Post test

1. d 2.b 3.b 4.d 5.d 6.a 7.b 8.b 9.a 10.c

14
 

What I know

Direction: 
Direction: 
Read the follo
following
wing state
statements
ments.. Answ
Answer 
er   TR
TRUE if the sta
statem
tement
ent des
descri
cribes
bes a

research, FALSE
research,
provided.  FALSE if you think it is not. 
not.   Write your answers on the blank spaces

 ________ 1.Research
1.Research question com
comee from any of several source
sources
s namely,
personal interest and experiences.
 
 ________2. The research question should
should be either too broad or too narrow.

 ________3. The objective of the research

research is sometimes referred to as delimitations
delimitations
of the study.

 _______ __4. Scope and Delimitation

Delimitation or research indicate
indicates
s the boundaries,
exceptions, reservation and qualification in your study.

 ________5. Objectives
Objectives of the research indic
indicate
ate what will the research will do, for
instance, discover, explain or seek.

 ________6. The rationale of the study gives the

the reasons why the stu
study
dy should be
conducted.

 ________7. The starting

starting point in any research pro
project
ject is to formulate a question.

 ________8. The researcher's own personal

personal interests and observ
observations
ations may be a
valuable source of questions.

 ________9. Theories
Theories of other researchers a
are
re not a particularly good source
source of
research questions.

 ________10.Successful research o
 ________10.Successful often
ften raises new question
questions,
s, even while it answers
old questions.

 ________11.A research question transforms

transforms into your conclusion
conclusion..

 ________12.You should
should never cons
consider
ider matching your interest to a fun
funder
der interest.

 ___________________ 
1
This set of questions presented in the pre-test are extracted from an online link
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html   /Cop
/Copyr
yrig
ight
ht © 1995
1995-2
-201
010,
0, Pear
Pearso
son
n
Education, Inc

15
 

 ________13.A problem statement identifies the nature

nature of the problem being
addressed, and its context and significance.

 ________14. The
The "purpose" of a study is th
the
e same thing as the "objectiv
"objective"
e" of a
study.
 ________15. The
The "specific aims" of a study a
are
re the same thing as the "objectives"
"objectives" of
a study.

 ___________________ 
1
This set of questions presented in the pre-test are extracted from an online link
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunder
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html
s_doingresearch.html   /Cop
/Copyr
yrig
ight
ht © 1995
1995-2
-201
010,
0, Pear
Pearso
son
n
Education, Inc

16
 

Lesso The Research Problem and

n  Research Question

2
Having a problem makes you anxious that pushes you to exert efforts on
finding a solution. There will be doubts that you are uncertain of your solutions thus
conducting a research is the best thing to do. Doing a research always begins with a
pr
prob
oble
lem
m whwhic
ich
h po
poin
ints
ts yo
youu to a to
topi
pic
c to look
look ou
out.
t. Gett
Gettin
ing
g th
the
e ba
back
ckgr
grou
ound
nd an
and
d
establ
est ablish
ishing
ing yo
your
ur res
resear
earch
ch que
questi
stion
on tha
thatt ca
cause
uses
s the pro
proble
blem
m is a hin
hintt to sta
start
rt
knowing what your problem is all about In this lesson you have to study the concept
of research problems and research questions including its scope and delimitation,
cite the significance

What’s in?
(
In the previous lesson, you learned to how to choose research topics and
write a title. Following those rules and what to avoid had guide you to create a good
topic for your research. You have the sources of research topics which you can use
to find a researchable topic. Even your work experiences can be a clue to a research
topic which relates to daily life situations.

What’s New?

I.An Overview of the Research Problem and Research Question

Chapte
Chapterr I of the
the rese
resear
arch
ch pap
paper
er is call
called
ed The Pr
Prob
oblem
lem and Its Bac
Backgr
kgroun
ound
d
(sometimes also called The Introduction)
Introduction)

 It is composed of the following sections:

1) Background of the Study,
2) Statement of the Problem,
3) Scope and Delimitation, and
4) Significance of the Study.

17
 

Others have sections such as Objectives of the Study, Hypotheses but these will not
be considered in this lesson

What is a research problem?

 The Research Problem (According to Calderon & Gonzales,1993)

 A problem
problem is
 is “any significant, perplexing, and challenging situation, real or artificial,
the solution of which requires reflexive thinking”. In research, it is known as the
research topic or research title.

 An illustration showing the description between a research topic, research problem,
purpose statement and research question.

General
 A research topic is the Topic:: Distance Learning
Topic
broad subject matter
of the study
Research Problem:
 A research problem is
a general issue or  Lack of learners knowledge
concern about the about distance in distance
resear
research
ch tha
thatt nar
narrow
row education .
the topic.

 A purpose of the study Purpose Statement:

used
used to ad
addr
dres
ess
s th
the
e
problem. To study why learners do not
attend distance education
 A research question classes in a community college
narrows the purpose
into specific questions
that the researcher Research Questions:
would like to answer
Does the use of website
in the study
Specific technology in the classroom
deter learners from enrolling in a
distant education class?

18
 

 A. Background of
of the Study

 Purpose of background of the study

a. The gene
general
ral de
definiti
finition
on of the ttopic/
opic/probl
problem em ar
area
ea
b. Histo
Historical
rical basi
basiss for the eexiste
xistence
nce ooff the prob
problem
lem
c. Effor
Efforts
ts ma
made
de to
towards
wards addr
addressin
essingg sim
similar
ilar c
challe
hallenges
nges
d. How ththe
e effor
efforts
ts faile
failedd to be re
realize
alized
d henc
hence e the nee
need
d for you
yourr study

 Contents of the background of the study:

a. Pr
Pres
esen
enta
tati
tion
on of the
the prob
proble
lem.
m. De
Desc
scri
ribe
be th
the
e ex
exis
iste
tenc
nce
e of an un
unsa
satis
tisfa
fact
ctor
ory
y
condition or a problem that needs a solution.

b. Historical background of the problem - Give the historical background of the

problem, if applicable.

c. Geographical conditions of the study locale - If applicable, describe the

geographical location of the study.

d. Rationale of the study - Give the reason(s) why the study should be conducted.

Example:

In 2004, the researcher migrated to the Philippines to accompany her spouse

who was at the time studying at the Adventist Institute for International Advanced
Studies (AIIAS) in Silang, Cavite. They discovered the study opportunities and
were motivated by the quality of education and low school fees being offered.
They visited several colleges and universities to collect pamphlets and sent them
back to Vanuatu for educational awareness. The Ni-Vanuatus became aware
and decided to send students to study in the Philippines. The first two schools to
receive Vanuatu students were AMA Computer College in Dasmariñas, Cavite
and Air Link Aviation College in Paranaque City. The researcher came to know
Cav
avit
ite
e St
Stat
ate
e Unive
nivers
rsit
ity
y (C
(CvS
vSU)
U) in 200 0099 and tr tra
ans
nsfe
ferr
rre
ed fr
from
om AM
AMA A.
(Ngwele, March 2011)

19
 

1
 The Do’s and Don’ts of Writing
Writi ng a Research Background Study

  Do‘s!   Don’ts!
 Explain the importance of your  o Write a background that is too
research topic long or short
 Talk about the main o Be am
ambibigu
guou
ous
s in yo
your
ur wr
writi
iting
ng,,
deve
de velo
lopm
pmenents
ts an and
d mimiss
ssin
ing
g disorganized and discuss
links and gaps in your research unrelated subjects.
area
 Focus on the relevant aspects o Forget
Forget th
the
e re
read
ader
er ma
may y no
nott be
of your study explaining how it familiar with the details of your 
wi
will
ll lea
lead to th the
e pro
progr
gres
ess
s of  work.
scientific knowledge.
 Engage your findings in a o Elaborate
Elabor ate on you
yourr bac
backg
kgrou
round
nd
chronological findings literature
  Articulate your ideas in a clear  o Forg
Fo rget
et to pr
prov
ovid
ide
e a hi
hist
stor
oric
ical
al
and concise manner  perspective
 o
Engage
a story the
sto readers
aroun
round
d th by
e building
the cen
entr
tra
al Forg
Fo rge
et to che
 journal’s
hecck your ta
instruction
targ
rget
et
for 
theme of your research presenting the study background

B.Statement of the Problem

(Purpose Statement and Research Questions)

 A series of questions used

used in researching the to
topic.
pic.

It is composed of
1. The general statement of the problem (the purpose statement) and
 2. The specific sub-problems or sub-questions (or research questions).

 Guidelines in Writing the Statement of the Problem

(According to Calderon & Gonzales,1993)

1. The general statement of the problem and the research questions should be
formulated first before conducting the research.

2. Research questions should be stated in the interrogative and each should be clear 
to avoid confusion.

3 Ea
Each
ch re
rese
sear
arch
ch qu
ques
esti
tion
on sh
shou
ould
ld be rese
resear
arch
chab
able
le se
sepa
para
rate
tely
ly fr
from
om th
the
e ot
othe
her 
r 
questions and must be based upon known facts and phenomena which is accessible

to the researcher.

20
 

 ____________________
 _____________ _______
1
 For more information about do’s and don’ts of writing a research background study, see online link
on www.editage.com/insights/
www.editage.com/insights/8-dos-and-8-d
8-dos-and-8-donts-of-writing-an
onts-of-writing-an-engagin
-engaging-study-background 
g-study-background

4. Answers to each research question can be interpreted apart from the answers to
the other specific questions and must contribute to the development of the whole
research study.

8. The summary of the answers to all the specific questions will give a complete
development of the entire study.

9. The number of research questions should be enough to cover the development of 
the whole research study.

Example:

This research aims to develop an evaluation model of a web-based tool used in

test administration for Grade 11 and 12 students. (Leanillo, 2016)

Specifically it aims to answer the following questions:

1. What are the commonly used web-based tools used in test administration?
2. How are these web-based test tools evaluated?
3. How could evaluation model be designed for web-based test administration?
IV.Sco and Delimitation of Research

C.Scope and Delimitation of the Study 1

 Scope of a Study

It is the coverage of the research to be explored which includes the facts and
theories about the subject

Example:

 A research study on the impact of social networking on the attitude of senior high
school learners.

It is not possible to cover all aspects of the selected subject. The scope will have to
be restricted to a specific section of the target population over a specified duration.

In th
thee ab
abov
ove-
e-ci
cite
ted
d st
stud
udy,
y, a grou
groupp of 40 lear
learne
ners
rs in se
seni
nior
or hi
high
gh scho
school
ol at one
one
particular school would be an ideal coverage to study their attitude for five months.

21
 

 _____________
 ____________________
_______
1
 For more information about scope and delimitation of the study see Cristobal, A.P., Jr, & Cristobal, M.D. (2016).
Practical Research 1 for Senior High School. Ist ed.C & E Publishing Inc. Quezon City.
These would form the next parameter.

 Delimitation of a Study

It limits the scope and outlines the boundaries of the study.

These limitations include the following:

1. Sa
Samp
mple
le size
size..
a. The res
resear
earch
ch des
design
ign and met
method
hod wil
willl det
determ
ermine
ine whe
whethe
therr if it is sma
smallll or 
large sample size.
b. The sam
sampleple siz
size
e will deter
determin
mine
e the qua
qualit
lity
y of dat
data
a and the relrelati
ations
onship
hips s
that will be identified among the variables.

2. Lack of a
availa
vailable
ble and/
and/or
or rreliab
eliable
le d
data.
ata.
This will limit the scope of analysis and the ability of the researcher to
determine meaningful trends and relationships among the data.

3. La
Lack
ck o
off pr
prio
iorr st
stud
udieies.
s.
  Thi
This
s wil
willl lim
limit
it the eff
effect
ective
ivenes
ness
s of the lit
litera
eratur
ture
e rev
review
iew an
and
d ini
initia
tiall
understanding of the research.

4. Ch
Chose
osenn dat
data
a col
collec
lectio
tion
n met
method
hod..
The quality of data collected must be clear to avoid erroneous answers
from the respondents.

5. Nat
Nature
ure of th
the
e info
informa
rmatio
tion
n coll
collect
ected.
ed.
Researcher should not rely on pre-existing data.

6. Access.
The amount and quality of available data will depend on the ability of the
researcher to access people, organizations, libraries, and documents.

7. Time
Time peperi
riod
od..
It is advisable to select a research problem and design

8. Bias.
The researcher should be aware of his or her personal biases .

9. Lan
angu
guag
age.
e.

22
 

This may have an effect on data collection, especially if the researcher is

involved with respondents that speak a variety of languages.

When writing the paper, the researcher should ensure that any delimitation
factor is noted down at the introduction, discussion, and conclusion sections. He or 
she should clarify why the study included and excluded some delimitation.

D.Significance of the Study 

 The significance of the study discuss the purpose that the research will serve
to society, the country, the government, the institution or agency concerned,
the curriculum planners and developers, and the research community.

 Describes the contribution of the study to the existing body of knowledge.

  It could be the following:

a. A form of ne new
w kn
knowl
owledg
edgee in th
thee fie
field,
ld,
b. A vali
validatio
dation
n of th
the
e majo
majorr find
findings
ings o off othe
otherr stud
studies,
ies,
c. A verifi
verificatio
cation
n of the va
validity
lidity of findi
findings
ngs in a d differe
ifferent
nt popu
population
lation,,
d. Ana
Analys
lysis
is of tre
trends
nds ove
overr tim
time,
e, and val valida
idatio
tion
n of other finding
findingss usi
using
ng diffe
differen
rentt
methodologies.

 The researcher must identify specifically the beneficiaries who will directly
gain from the results of the study mentioning them in the paper according to
the significance of the result. The specific benefits must also be enumerated
and explained if necessary.

Example:

The Effects of Computer-assisted

Computer-assisted
 Asian Instruction
History in the Performance
and Civilization
and (Cuenca, of Students
(Cuenca, 2008)
200 8) in

The findings of the study may provide deeper insights on how teaching can be made
easier and more meaningful by the use of computer-aided instruction. The study determined the
significant effects of slide presentation in instruction, a form of computer instruction on the
performance of the students in the subjects Asian History and Civilization.

To the students,
students, the results may serve as an inspiration for them to continuously
improve their skills in using computers because
because they will realize the comfort that computer skills
offer in complying with the requirements of major subjects in the coming years.

To the administrators
administrators,, the results may serve as a guide in the program-planning and
implementation of the IT department so that they can be of great help to the teachers of the
university.

To the teachers,
teachers, the results may serve as an eye opener for those who are not
comfortable on the use of computers
computers in their class lesson presentations.
presentations. The findings of this
study may encourage more of them to apply computer-aided instruction in teaching.
23
 

II. Presenting Written Statement of the Problem

The following sections compose the presentation of the written statement of the
problem

1. Int
Introd
roduct
uction
ion

States briefly the background of the study and identifies the rationale of the
research problem.

It be
begi
gins
ns with
with a ge
gene
nera
rall st
stat
atem
emen
entt of ththe
e pr
prob
oble
lem,
m, ou
outl
tlin
ines
es th
the
e sp
spec
ecif
ific
ic
problem or issue within the existing literature.

2. State
Statement
ment of tthe
he Probl
Problem
em

States clearly the purposes or interest of the study, poses specific questions
about research problem.

3. Scop
Scope
eaand
nd Delim
Delimitatio
itation
n

Sets the boundaries and parameters of the study, narrows the scope of the
inquiry.

4. Sign
Significan
ificance
ce o
off the Stud
Study
y

Shows the benefits of the study to address issues and l problems, in improving
econ
econom
omic
ic an
and
d he
heal
alth
th co
cond
nditi
ition
ons
s or ev
even
en fifind
ndin
ing
g so
solu
luti
tion
ons
s to pr
prob
oble
lems
ms
encountered in daily life.

Activity 1: Question
1: Question and Answer 
Directions:   Answer the questions iin
Directions: n 3-5 sentences only. Wr
Write
ite your answers on the
space provided.

1. What is Chapter 1 of a research paper and its sections that comprise?

 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 

24
 

2. What is the difference between a research problem and research topic?

 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 

3. What are the guidelines in writing statement of the problem?

 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 

 _______________________
 ___________
 ___________ _______________________
 _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ _______________________
______________________ ______________________ 
_________________________________ 
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
4. Why do we need to limit the scope of the study?
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 

25
 

  What is it?

Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned the concepts on research problems.
You were asked to save the titles you had proposed as your research topic. You
will use these on succeeding activities to create or write your research problem.
a. Essay
Essays s or reflecti
reflections
ons you ha
have
ve writte
written
n from past clas
classes
ses and other
other activit
activities
ies
you have taken or a lecture you have attended
b. Life
Life ex
expe
peri
rien
ence
ces
s
c. Issue
Issuess or p
proble
roblems
ms oobserv
bserved
ed in your s
surrou
urroundin
ndings
gs

1. Among th
the
e titles yo
you
u save
saved
d previ
previously
ously,, which of th
those
ose you tthink
hink sh
should
ould be
addressed? Kindly elaborate further on this matter.
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
______________________
_______________________
______________________ 
__________ 

2. Wit
With
h the abo
above
ve rese
researc
arch
h top
topics
ics you save
saved,
d, iden
identify
tify at least thre
three
e res
resear
earch
ch
problems for each and explain why you chose them.

Topic A: EssaEssays
ys or re
reflect
flections
ions y
you
ou ha
have
ve writ
written
ten fro
from
m past c
classe
lasses
s and
other activities you have taken or a lecture you have attended

Propose Research Title___________

Title______________________
______________________
_________________ 
______ 
 __________________________________
 _______________________ _______________________
_______________________ 
___________ 
Problem
1.__________________________________________________________ 
2.__________________________________________________________ 
3.__________________________________________________________ 
  Reasons:
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________ 
___________ 

Topic B: Life experiences

Propose Research Title___________
Title______________________
______________________
_________________ 
______ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________ 
___________ 

26
 

Problem
1.__________________________________________________________ 
2.__________________________________________________________ 
3.__________________________________________________________ 
Reasons:
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
____________ 
_ 

Topic C: Issues or problems observed in your surroundings

Propose Research Title ______________________
_________________________________
________________ 
_____ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________ 
___________ 
Problem
1.__________________________________________________________ 
2.__________________________________________________________ 
3.__________________________________________________________ 
Reasons:
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
____________ 
_ 

From the three research topics choose one as your proposed research
study which you will use on the later part of this lesson.

  What’s more?

  Follow instructions below in doing this activity.

 A. Situation: Imagine yourself as a businessman on th

the
e picture shaking han
hands
ds to
a prospective client.

1. How wil
willl you intro
introduce
duce y
yourse
ourself?
lf? Write y
your
our ans
answer
wer in NOT le
less
ss than th
three
ree
(3) sentences.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

27
 

https://www.stockunlimited.com/v
https://www.stockunlimited.com/vector-illustration
ector-illustration/businessma
/businessman-shaking-ha
n-shaking-hands-silhouet
nds-silhouette
te

2. In gene
general,
ral, wha
whatt is the purp
purpose
ose of int
introduc
roduction?
tion? Id
Identif
entify
y the basi
basics
cs of
proper introduction by using the graphic organizer below.

INTRODUCTION

28
 

B. Synth
Synthesiz
esize
e your ide
ideas
as and cre
create
ate a capt
caption
ion on th
the
e pictur
picture
e below.

https://www.stockunlimited.com/v
https://www.stockunlimited.com/vector-illustration
ector-illustration/targetboard
/targetboard

1. What is yo
your
ur inter
interpretat
pretation
ion of the pi
picture
cture?
? What do
does
es the targ
target
et board
mean relative to research?
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 

2. Relat
Relate
e th
the
e pic
picture
ture in c
condu
onducting
cting rese
research.
arch.
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 

29
 

What I have learned

From that chosen research study as your proposal, formulate the following:

 A. Introduction of your study by filling out the space provided.

provided.

1. Proposed Study________
Study___________________
_______________________
_______________________
__________________ 
_______ 

2. What is the ra
rationa
tionale
le or the ba
backgro
ckground
und stu
study
dy of your ch
chosen
osen pr
problem
oblem?
?
Please write your answer using extra paper should you need more space.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 ___________________________________
 _______________________________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

3. Descr
Describe
ibe the s
settin
etting
g of wher
where
e your s
study
tudy is tto
o be con
conduct
ducted.
ed.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

4. Enume
Enumerate
rate the tterms
erms or co
concep
ncepts
ts that nee
need
d to be defi
defined
ned or des
describe
cribed
d to you
and to the reader.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ ___ 

30
 

 ___________________________________
 _______________________________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

5. Provi
Provide
de at leas
leastt three rel
related
ated lit
literatur
eratures
es as refe
reference
rences
s for the con
concept
cept of y
your
our
study.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

6. Determ
Determine
ine th
the
e sign
significan
ificance
ce of your c
chose
hosen
n prob
problem.
lem.
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

7. What is th
the
e ge
genera
nerall obj
objectiv
ective
e of the s
study?
tudy?
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 ___________________________________
 _______________________________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

8. Who will be ththe

e bene
beneficiar
ficiaries?
ies? Wha
Whatt will be thei
theirr benef
benefits
its to rece
receive
ive afte
afterr the
problem is solved or the research is finish?
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________  ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________  ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________  ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________  ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________  ___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_____________  _ 

31
 

B. The sta
statemen
tementt of the prob
problem
lem part of yo
your
ur resea
research
rch stud
study.
y.

1. Ti
Titl
tle
e of y
you
ourr re
rese
sear
arch
ch::
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
______________ 
__ 

2. Pu
Purp
rpos
osees
sta
tate
teme
ment
nt::
The researcher seeks to __________
_____________________
_______________________
__________________ 
______ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

3. Ce
Cent
ntra
rall qu
ques
esti
tion
on::

 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 ___________________________________
 _______________________________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_____________ 
_ 

4. Su
Sub-
b-qu
ques
esti
tion
on::
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 ___________________________________
 _______________________________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

5. Ot
Othe
herr que
quest
stio
ions
ns::
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

32
 

 ___________________________________
 _______________________________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

What I can do

From your prop

proposed
osed resear
research
ch study present your written Statement of the
Problem which
Problem  which comprises the following sections:

I. Background of the Study (Introd

roduction)
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 

 __________________________________
 ______________________________________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 

II. Statement of the Problem

 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 __________________________________
 ______________________________________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 __________________________________
_______________________
_______________________ 
___________ 

33
 

III.
III. Sco
cope
pe and D
De
elim
limit
ita
ati
tio
on o
off tth
he S
Stu
tudy
dy
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 
 _______________________
 ___________ _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_____________ 
__ 

IV. Significance o
off tth
he S
Sttudy
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ____________ _______________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 ___________________________________
 _______________________________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 
 _______________________
 ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
_______________ 
___ 

34
 

 Additional Activities

 After presenting Chapter 1 of your research study, edit or rewrite your work
using
using the co
correc
rrectio
tions,
ns, su
sugge
ggesti
stions
ons and rec
recomm
ommend
endati
ations
ons mad
madee by you
your 
r 
teacher. Save your work for the next lesson. Use the empty space provided.

This page is intentionally empty as a space provided on rewriting of the research

manuscript.

35
 

 Assessment 

Direction:  Read the following

Direction:  following statements.
statements. Answer 
Answer  TRUE
 TRUE if the statement describes a
research, FALSE
research, FALSE if you think it is not. Write your answers on the blank.

 ________1. The rationale

rationale of the study gives the re
reasons
asons why the study s should
hould be
conducted.
 ________2. The starting
starting point in any research pro
project
ject is to formulate a question.

 ________3. The researcher's own personal

personal interests and observ
observations
ations may be a
valuable source of questions.
 ________4. Theories
Theories of other researchers a are
re not a particularly good source
source of
research questions.
 ________5.Successful
 ________5.Su ccessful research ofte
often
n raises new questions
questions,, even while it answers
old questions.
 ________6.A research
research question transforms into your conclusion.

 ________7.You should
should never consid
consider
er matching your interest to a fund
funder
er interest.

 ________8.A problem
problem statement identifies the nature
nature of the problem being
addressed, and its context and significance.
 ________9. The "purpose" of a study is the same thing as the ""objective"
objective" of a study.

 ________10. The "specific aims" of a study are the same thing as the "objectives" of 
  a study.
 ________11. Research
Research question c come
ome from any of several sourc
sources
es namely,
personal interest and experiences.
 ________12. The
The research question s should
hould be either too broad o
orr too narrow.

 ________13.The objectives of the research.is

 ________13.The research.is sometimes referred to as delimitations
delimitations
  of the study.
_14. Scope and Delimitation or research
 ________14
 _______ r esearch indicates the boundaries,
exceptions, reservation and qualification in your study.
 ________15. Objectives
Objectives of the research ind
indicate
icate what will the research will do, for
for
instance, discover, explain or see.

36
 

  _________________________
1
Thi
his
s se
sett of ques
questi
tio
ons pres
resente
ented
d in the
the post
st-t
-te
est are extxtra
ract
cted
ed frfrom
om an onlin
line lin
ink
k
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doingresearch.html   /Copyr
/Copyrigh
ightt © 1995
1995-20
-2010
10,,
Pearson Education, Inc
REFERENCES

 Abdullah, S.N. (2018) .Practical

.Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research
Research [PowerPoint
slides].Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu./p
http://www.academia.edu./pptpt

 Arcibal, N. C. (April 2013). Housewives’

Housewives’ exposure to Korean
Korean novelas on GMA 7 a and
nd
their perception on marriage. Unpublished undergraduate thesis. Indang,
Cavite: Cavite State University

Bordo, P. E. C., E. D. Mercado, M. G. Gayeta, E. S. Magtoto, & L. F. Noroña (2010).

The elements of writing across disciplines. Malabon: Jimcyzville Publications.

Cabulong, J. (October 2016). Development of localized and contextualized teachers’

Guides with Strategic Intervention Materials (SIM’s) in Grade 9. Unpublished
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Calderon, J. F. & E. C. Gonzales (1993). Methods of research and thesis writing..

Mandaluyong: National Book Store, Inc.

Calmorin, L.P. (2016).Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics and Computer
 Application .Rev.ed.Rex Book
Book Store.Manila.

Cristobal, A.P., Jr, & Cristobal, M.D. (2016). Practical Research 1 for Senior High
School .Ist ed.C & E Publishing Inc.Quezon City.

Guerrero, G. (October 2011). The teaching of Hebrew among children at Beth

Yaakov
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Leanillo, M. (October 2016). Evaluation model on the use of a web-based tool in test
 Administration for Grade 11 and 12 students. Unpublished masteral thesis
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Miranda Plata, et al. Research: Process and product workbook. Biñan, Laguna:
Trailblazer Publications.

Ngwee, H. (March 2011). Marketing the Philippines as an educational destination for

Ni-Vanu
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Unpubl
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undergraduate research paper. Indang, Cavite: Cavite State University.

 Accessed in June
June 2020
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_h
https://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_saunders_doi
e_saunders_doingresearch_1/209/5
ngresearch_1/209/53534/13
3534/13
704779.cw/index.html /Copyright
704779.cw/index.html /Copyright © 1995-2010, Pearson Education, Inc.

37
 

www.editage.com/insights/8-dos-and-8-donts-of-writing-an-engaging-study-
www.editage.com/insights/8-dos-and-8-donts-of-writing-an-engaging-study-
background?

https://www.slideshare.net/mjlobetos/lesson-10-presenting-written-statement-of-the-
https://www.slideshare.net/mjlobetos/lesson-10-presenting-written-statement-of-the-
problem

Key Answer

Pretest Post test

1. TR
TRUE
UE 1. TR
TRU
UE
2. FA
FALS
LSE
E 2. FA
FALS
LSE
E
3. FALSE 3.TRUE
4. TRUE 4.FALSE
5. TRUE 5.TRUE
6. TRUE 6.FALSE
7. FALSE 7.FALSE
8. TRUE 8.TRUE

9
1.0. F
TARL
USEE 9
1.0F.T
ARLS
UEE
11. FALSE 11.TRUE
12. FALSE 12.FALSE
13. TRUE 13.FALSE
14. FALSE 14.TRUE
15. TRUE 15.TRUE

38