BASIC HUMAN NEEDS

Basic human needs and nursing actions

PHYSIOLIGICAL NEEDS

THEY ARE LOWER LEVEL NEEDS. They have the hightest priority overall the other
needs because they are essential to life. They include the need for air ,food,water,
temperature mainence,rest or sleep,elimination,sexuality andavoidance of pain.Some
physiology needs are more important to survival than other, e.g. the need for oygen takes
priority over the need for food or water. Also the body can survive longer without food
than without water.
A primary nursing fuction as to meet these as they are vital to the survival of
patients.

SAFETY AND SECURITY NEEDS

These needs come next in priority. They can be attained through adequate shelter and
protection from harmful factors in the environment. Safety means physical safety.
Individual usually feel most secure in on familiar environment with familiar routines and
people they can trust and the things they can know.
An important fuction of nurse is promotion of patient’s physical safety and
emotional security in a health care setting. For example , Bedrailings for an unconscious
patient.

LOVE AND BELONGING NEEDS

Once individuals have satified with the physiological safety and security needs, they seek
their needs for love and belonging . These needs include understanding,group
acceptance,affection, mutual trust, and the feeling of belonging other.every individual
either sick or well desires the companionshipo and recogninition of other , for example ,
his family or friends
 The nurse shuld always consider love and belonging needs of the patient
by way of care and by establishing a nurse – client relationship based on mutul
understanding and trust.
SELFESTEEM NEEDS
It is needed to feel good about oneself to feel pride, to feel
a sence of accomplishment in what one does , and to believe that other also hold in high
regard. Salfsteem gives the individual confidence, independence, worth , strength,
adequacy , usefulness and importance.
Lake of selfesteem needs by accepting thire values and beliefs , encouranging
them to set attainable goals and facilitating support by family or friends.

SELFACTUALIZATION NEEDS
Selfctualization is the highest level of human needs. When the need for selfesteem is
satisfied the individual strives for selfactualization, i.e. the neeed to reach one’s potential
through full development of one’s unique capabilities.
Cognition is a strong desire of a human being. The intelligent individual seeks
information, analysis it and search for its meaning.
Esthec needs vary by its importance from individual to individual. A patient with highly
developed esthetic sensibilities will be distressad by unpleasant sights, sounds and odors.
The nurse must focus on the strengths and capabilities rather than on problems to meet
patient’s self actualization needs. She must aim at caring the total individual need and
must provide a sence of hope to maximize his potentials