CALCULATION OF NUMBER OF PARTICLES IN A UNIT CELL (Z)

(i) A face-centered point is shared by two unit cells and only one half of it is present in given unit cell,
hence the contribution of the particle per unit cell is 1/2.

(ii) A point that lies at the corner of a unit cell is shared among eight unit cells and therefore, only one
eighth of each such point lies within the given unit cell, hence the contribution of the particle per unit
cell is 1/ 8.

iii) A body-centered point lies entirely within the unit cell and contributes one complete point to the
cell.

iv)In End-center there are 2 atoms located  at the center of the cell and each atom contributes 1/2
portion of the cell

v) A point along an edge is shared by four-unit cells and only one fourth of it lies within one cell, hence
the contribution of the particle per unit cell is 1/4.
(iv)End-centred Cubic Unit Cell

In end-centred cubic unit cell, 8 atoms are located on 8 corners of the cube and 1 atom each is
present on two opposite faces of the cube.

Therefore in end-centred cubic unit cell

There are 8 atoms present on 8 corners, therefore each atom contributes 1/8 th portion of the
cell

There are 2 atoms located  at the center of the cell and each atom contributes 1/2 portion of the cell

Total atoms present in a end-centred cubic unit cell = 1 + 1 = 2 atoms