WORKSHEET-1

Course: MAT261E
Content: Matrices, System of Equations

1. Consider the linear system of the form

x1 + x2 + x3 = 2
2x1 + 3x2 + 2x3 = 5
2x1 + 3x2 + (a2 − 1)x3 = a + 1 .

(i) For what values of a will the system be inconsistent?

(ii) For what values of a will the system have a unique solution?

2. Consider the linear system of the form

x1 + x2 + x3 = 3
x1 + x2 + x4 = 2
2x1 + 2x2 + (a − 1)x3 = 7
x1 + x2 + (a − 2)x3 + x5 = 5 .

(i) For what values of a will the system be inconsistent?

(ii) For what values of a will the system have infinitely many solutions?

3. Use Gaussian elimination to solve the following system.

−x1 + 2x2 − x3 = 2
−2x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 4
3x1 + 2x2 + 2x3 = 5
−3x1 + 8x2 + 5x3 = 17

4. Use Gauss-Jordan reduction to solve the following system.

x1 + 3x2 + x3 + x4 = 3
2x1 − 2x2 + x3 + 2x4 = 8
3x1 + x2 + 2x3 − x4 = −1

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5. Find all solutions, if any exist, for the systems represented by the following matrices by
using Gauss elimination and Gauss-Jordan reduction.

(a) x1 + x2 + 2x3 + 3x4 = 13

x1 − 2x2 + x3 + x4 = 8
3x1 + x2 + x3 − x4 = 1
(b) x1 + x2 + x3 = 1
x1 + x2 − 2x3 = 3
2x1 + x2 + x3 = 2
(c) x1 − 3x2 = −7
2x1 − 6x2 = 7

6. Prove that if A is nonsingular then AT is nonsingular and

(AT )−1 = (A−1 )T .

 
1 1 1
7. Consider the matrix A =  1 1 0 .
 

0 1 1
Write the following two systems in Ax = B form and use A−1 to solve them.

(a) x1 + x2 + x3 = 2
x1 + x2 + 0x3 = 4
0x1 + x2 + x3 = −1
(b) x1 + x2 + x3 = 36
x1 + x2 + 0x3 = −43
0x1 + x2 + x3 = −14

8. Find the inverses of the following matrices.

1 1 2 1
 
 0 −2 0 0 
(a) A = 
 
1 2 1 −2

 
0 3 2 1
 
1 1 1
(b) A =  1 1 2 
 

1 −1 1
 
" # 1 0
1 2 3
9. (a) Find AB and BA if A = , B =  2 1 .
 
2 1 3
3 2
   
1 2 −1 0 1 2
(b) If A =  1 −1 3  and B =  1 −1 1  verify that: (AB)T = B T AT .
   

2 4 −1 3 0 1

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10. Prove that if A is a symetric matrix A2 is also a symetric matrix.

11. Find 2 × 2 nonzero matrices A and B such that AB = 0.

12. Assume AB = BA. Show that (AB)2 = A2 B 2 .