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Classification of Literature by Dr.Jeanneath D. Velarde

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Feb. 23, 2018
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Classification of Literature by Dr.Jeanneath D. Velarde

Feb. 23, 2018
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Dr. Jeanneath Velarde
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Dean, Arts and Sciences @ Emilio Aguinaldo College / Vice President at Global Educators' Organization

Literary Genre

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Classification of Literature by Dr.Jeanneath D. Velarde

1. 1. Classification of Literature Dr. Jeanneath D. Velarde Dean,Arts and Sciences Emilio Aguinaldo College - Cavite
2. 2. Classification of Literature According to Genre LITERARY GENRES FICTION NON-FICTION POETRY Prose Novels Short Stories Myths
Tales Legends Diaries Autobiographies Speeches Essays Biographies Ode Narrative Epic Sonnets DramaticLyrics Comedy Melodrama
Tragedy Historical Play Ballads Metrical Tale Metrical Romance Elegy Simple Lyric Song Essays Short Story Novelette Novel Legends
Speeches Drjeanvelarde
3. 3. Narrative Poetry tells a long story in verse. • Epic is a long narrative poem in which a series of heroic adventures are presented. • Ballad
is a short narrative poem intended to be sung. A well known example of this is Lord Randall, a traditional Scottish ballad, which employs
a lot of repetition all through out. "O where ha you been, Lord Randal, my son? And where ha you been, my handsome young man?" "I ha
been at the greenwood; mother, mak my bed soon, For I'm wearied wi hunting, and fain wad lie down." "An wha met ye there, Lord
Randal, my son? And wha met ye there, my handsome young man?" "O I met wi my true-love; mother, mak my bed soon, For I'm wearied
wi huntin, and fain wad lie down." Drjeanvelarde
4. 4. • Metrical tale is a narrative poem written in verse. Its characters are ordinary people concerned with ordinary events. Canterbury
Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is its best example. • Metrical Romance is a long rambling love story in verse. The themes of most stories are
chivalry or knighthood, romantic love, and religious elements. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Drjeanvelarde
5. 5. Lyric Poetry • Ode is an song of praise for something or someone. • Elegy is a song of lamentation. Its usual theme is about death of a
loved one. • Song is also accompanied by music. Sacred songs and Secular Songs • Simple Lyric includes all lyric poems that do not fall
under any of the four types. • Sonnet is a poem of 14 lines. Drjeanvelarde
6. 6. Shakespearean Sonnet • English sonnet written in iambic pentameter lines (pattern: bab- cdcd-efef-gg). It presents and develops its
theme in in the first three quatrains and states a conclusion in the couplet, or the last two lines. ____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ Drjeanvelarde
7. 7. Sonnet 24 Mine eye hath play’d the painter and hath stell’d Thy beauty’s form in table of my heart; My body is the frame wherein ’tis
held, And perspective it is the painter’s art. For through the painter must you see his skill, To find where your true image pictured lies;
 Which in my bosom’s shop is hanging still, That hath his windows glazed with thine eyes. Now see what good turns eyes for eyes have
done: Mine eyes have drawn thy shape, and thine for me Are windows to my breast, where-through the sun Delights to peep, to gaze
therein on thee; Yet eyes this cunning want to grace their art; They draw but what they see, know not the heart. Drjeanvelarde
8. 8. Petrarchan or Italian Sonnet It contains an octave and a sestet (abbaabba-cdecde pattern) where any of the following themes are
presented: octave (8lines) ; problem, hope, or desire, sestet (6 lines) presents the resolution or conclusion _____________________
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________
_____________________ Drjeanvelarde
9. 9. DRAMATIC POETRY portrays life and character in extreme situations. The characters present some actions in powerful, emotion packed
lines like those of Shakespeare’s plays. • POETIC PLAYS • Comedy is a type of drama which aims primarily to amuse, hence it ends happily.
It started in a ritual in honor of Dionysius. Examples of comedies are Birds which ridiculed Athenian democracy; Clouds which attacked
the philosopher Socrates; and Lysistrata which denounced war. Menander is considered the best of the writers of the new comedy. The
word comedy comes from a Greek term “ komos” which means festivity or revelry. Drjeanvelarde
10. 10. • Tragedy is a type of drama in which the chief characters undergo a morally significant struggle which ends disastrously. It presents
humanity having a sense of dignity and free will. There are three great tragic writers. Aeschylus wrote 90 plays, out of which only 7
remained. Prometheus Bound , a well known work, tells the story of the great Titan Prometheus. He is a superhuman who stole fire from
heaven and gave it to mankind. Sophocles is a “golden age” writer who produced more than 100 plays. His drama, Antigone, is a model of
self- sacrifice.He also wrote the famous play Oedipus the King. Eurepides had written 92 plays, only 19 of which existed in full. His
tragedies are about real men and women instead of real characters. Aristotle called him the “ the most tragic” because his plays are the
most moving. His dramas are often performed on the modern stage. His best well known dramas are Medea, Trojan Women, Orestes and
Electra. Drjeanvelarde
11. 11. • Melodrama presents sensational actions, sentimental love stories, and extravagant emotions that usually end up happily. • Farce is an
exaggerated comedy based on humorous situations. The characters use funny lines or situations that are too ridiculous to be true. The
characters seem to be caricatures and the motives are undignified and absurd. • Masque is a form of court pageantry that flourished in
England in the 16th century but was not revived later. It had a prologue serving to introduce the group of actors who came in a sort of
decorative float. Drjeanvelarde
12. 12. Historical Play / Histography is a drama based on the lives of outstanding figures in history. Herodotus and Thucydides are two
important historians who flourished during the classical age. Herodotus is commonly called the “Father of History,” and hid writings
contain the first truly literary use of prose in western literature. His work presents a reverent spirit, giving a certain air of moral dignity
to the entire composition. He is considered as the earliest and the best historian by scholars. His works describe the war between the
Persians and the Greeks – the struggle for supremacy between Europe and Asia , between civilization and barbarism, freedom and
despotism. Thucydides , they say, is a better historian because of his critical use of sources, inclusion of documents and laborious research
that made his History of Peloponnesian War a significant influence on later generations of historians. Xenophon was the third historian
who wrote Hellenica. His writings were superficial but he wrote with authority on military matters.
13. 13. PROSE is written in paragraphs. For example, novels, novelettes, short stories, legends, contemporary dramas, legends, fables ,essays,
anecdotes, news, and speeches.(fiction/nonpfiction) A. Fiction Novel is a long narrative with considerable number of characters and
setting. Novelette is a prose narrative that is more elaborate than a short story but can also be read in one sitting and can produce a single,
concentrated effect. Ernest Hemingway’s “The Old Man and the Sea” is an example of a novelette. Short Story is a short narrative which
usually involves one or more major characters, one plot, and a single conflict. Legend is a story about the origin of things. The characters
are normally fictitious. Myth is a fictional tale about god and goddesses .
14. 14. • Fables have animals and other inanimate things that are gifted with human attributes as characters. • Anecdotes are short humorous
stories about animas or children. • Fairy Tale is a story that presents folkloric characters such as fairies, goblins, elves, giants, and other
unusual creatures. The story usually presents a happy ending. • Folk tales are also called “migratory tales.” A folk tale is a story which
consist of one or a combination of many folklore themes (motifs). They are handed from generation to generation through word of mouth
and spread all over the world.
15. 15. B. Non- Fiction Autobiography is a combination of three Greek words “auton” which means self, “bio” means life, and “graphein” to
write. It tells about the author’s own life story. Biography is a written accounts of another person’s life. Diary /Journal is a chronological
presentation of life events . It includes the writer’s observations, feelings and experiences. Essays are classified into formal and informal.
They usually express the opinions of the writer about an event, people, or things. Michel Eyquem de Montaigne is considered the Father of
Modern Essay while other philosophers call him the Father of Modern Skepticism.
16. 16. Types of Essay • Reflective Essays are serious and dignified. The writer examines his or her experiences in life, presents how he or she
has changed, developed or grown from those experiences. These types of essays usually employ aphorisms (a short clever saying that is
intended to express a general truth. Oscar Wilde was famous for such aphorisms as "Experience is the name everyone gives to their
mistakes". • Biographical Essay is also known as character sketch. In a biographical essay the writer talks about the life and personality of
a person who actually lived. It has the following characteristics: a real-life subject , a thesis statement that states a specific idea about that
person’s life and achievements , an account of one or more major events in the subject’s life , and a description of the subject’s key
character traits.
17. 17. • Descriptive Essays present a vivid description of things, people, events, feelings, places, experiences, or situation. The best way to
create a vivid description, the writer should consider the five senses: sight, sound,smell,touch, and taste. FOOD: Acidic,
creamy,burnt,crispy,crumbly, crunchy, greasy, juicy,ripe, salty, sour, aromatic, spicy, blanched, bland, broiled, brewed, caramelized,
delicious, delectable, enticing, fibrous, flavorsome PERSON: amiable, ambitious, amazing,artistic, attentive, awesome,brilliant, cautious,
clever, competent, crafty, imaginative, meticulous, impulsive, naive, obnoxious, persevering, proficient PLACE: impressive,
amazing,frightening, strange, exciting, scenic, EVENT: glorious, marvelous, engaging, magical, entertaining,elegant, ceremonial,
memorable EXPERIENCE: amazed, delighted, embarrassed, fantastic, pleasant ,
18. 18. • Nature Essay attempts to picture the natural creations of God like seas, mountains, skies, and everything on it. Nature: soothing,
serene, magnificent, overwhelming, spectacular, beautiful, peaceful, grotesque, • Critical essay is a composition that offers an analysis,
interpretation, and/or evaluation of a text, book, films, or even people’s behavior. • Periodical Essay is generally published in periodicals
and is also called journalistic essay. • Didactic Essay has a serious and instructive tone. It intends to give moral lesson

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