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Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
1. Introduction in Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics

1st QUARTER Learning Pocket 1

NAME OF STUDENT

CHRISTOPHER O. DUMLAO, LPT

TEACHER

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 I. CURRICULUM CONNECTIONS

A. Life Performance Outcome (LPO5):

Caring, Committed ADVOCATES for Peace and Universal Well-Being

B. PERFORMANCE OUTCOME (PO1):

Describe the major economic, political, social, and environmental challenges that they and
millions of Filipinos face in leading productive, fulfilling lives, and develop viable alternatives for
addressing them.

C. ESSENTIAL PROGRAM OUTCOME (EPO):

EPO 3: Manage their time and energy to allow for regular periods of
quiet reflection and prayer, renewal and direction setting.

D. CONTENT STANDARDS
• understanding of key concepts of correlation and regression analyses.
• human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities

E. INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME (OBJECTIVES):

After the learners have gone through the lessons contained in this module, they are expected to:
• identify the nature, goals and perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology and Political
Science;
• explain the different perspectives of anthropology, sociology and political science

II. REMINDERS:

You are expected to:

read the entire module carefully and thoroughly.
accomplish all the activities honestly.
always consult the teacher for clarifications or verifications.
be an independent and responsible learner.
have fun and enjoy while learning.

Your parents / guardians are encouraged to…

assist learner in possible difficulties in understanding the lesson.
allow learner to work independently.
only provide support when necessary.
monitor the progress of your child in answering and performing learning tasks.

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 Lesson 1 INTRODUCTION IN UNDERSTANDING CULTURE,
SOCIETY AND POLITICS

LESSON OVERVIEW:
This module teaches you how to recognize your role and how to act in accordance with your so-
ciety's culture in order to build a nation, as well as how to respect human cultural diversity in
your community, country, and around the world. However, in order to have a dynamic society,
politics is required, as it has an impact on every individual's life and how they will behave as
members of the group, as well as their relationships with others.

III. STARTER ACTIVITIES

Choose the letter of the best answer and write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. It describes how people interact with nature and their surroundings.
A. Politics B. Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

2. It is a branch of social science that studies people and their interactions.

A. Sociology B. Anthropology C. Political Science D. Culture

3. It is the study of human social structures and relationships.

A. Politics B. Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

4. It is used to describe people, their behavior, and human societies all over the world.
A. Sociology B. Anthropology C. Political Science D. Culture

5. It is a mental state or habit in which one has faith or confidence in someone or something.
A. Beliefs B. Customs C. Traditions D. Norms

6. The development of social institutions over time is referred to as;

A. Migration B. Cultural change C. Globalization D. Social change

7. The instinctive membership of a person in any nation or country is referred to as;

A. Citizenships B. Organization C. Nationality D. Ethnocentrism

8. A scientific study of patterned, shared human behavior that examines human interaction and
is crucial to comprehending man's cultural make-up.
A. Sociology B. Biology C. Psychology D. Philosophy

9. Which of the following religions adhered to the concept of Allah?

A. Christians B. Protestants C. Islam D. Buddhists

10. It refers to the social, cultural, and psychological characteristics of males and females in the
context of a specific social situation.
A. Gender C. Culture B. Society D. Politics

IV. LESSON PROPER

Culture – refers to that complex whole which include knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals,
laws, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as member of a so-
ciety. (Edward H. Taylor)

Two types of Culture:

1. Material culture - composed of tangible things like food, tools, dress, accessories and
others.

2. Non-material culture – composed of intangible things such as habits, ideas, religion,

language and behavior.
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 IV. LESSON PROPER
Cultural Variation – refers to the differences in social behaviors that cultures exhibit around
the world. In the Philippines differences in social behaviors are influence with cultures in a spe-
cific places and tribes. So with the different people in different countries they have also differ-
ent norms and values that exists within their groups.

Social Differences – refers to the situation where people are discriminated based on econom-
ic status, social characteristics and qualities. These may include race, ethnicity, gender, and
professions. In spite of these differences people continue to do their responsibilities as mem-
bers of society. These are the common social differences among people in the world;

Gender – refers to the biological characteristics that distinguish a male from a female
Gender Roles -refers to attitudes and behaviors that the society expect a person based on
his/her sex
Socio-economic class - the high income, the middle income and the low income class
Ethnicity- which refers to the ethnic group who have common culture, language and history
Race –which refers to the group of people who shared inherited physical characteristics such
as skin color, facial features and body structure

The nature, goals and perspectives of anthropology, sociology and political science
1. Anthropology relates to sociology, it always describes human, human behaviour and human socie-
ties around the world. It is a comparative science that examines all societies. The term anthropology
means scientific study of man or human beings. Cultural anthropology studies, human societies and
elements of cultural life. An example of cultural anthropology is the Linguistic anthropology which
focuses on language in a certain society. The goal of studying anthropology is to understand the
origin human evolution and the diverse forms of its existence throughout time The study of Man and
its various aspects is known as Anthropology. It may be a subject of science and arts. It is a branch
of sociology. It describes human, human behavior and human societies and it examines all societies
around the world. It also describes the ancestors through time and space in relation to its environ-
mental, social relations, and culture.
2. Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. Sociology’s subject matter is
diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state, from the divisions of race and
social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture, and from social stability to radical change in
whole societies. The purpose of sociology is to understand how human action and consciousness
both shape and are shaped by surrounding cultural and social structures. Sociology is a social sci-
ence; it belongs to the family of social sciences. As a social science, focuses its aspects on man,
his social manners, social activities and social life. The goal of sociology is to help you understand
how human action and consciousness both shape and are shaped by the surrounding cultural and
social structures
3. Political Science is a social science that deals with humans and their interactions. It is a branch of
sociology; it essentially deals with the large-scale actions of humans, and group mentality it is a dis-
cipline that deals with several aspects such as the study of state and government. It deals with the
nature and formation of the state and attempts to understand its forms and functions. The goal of
Political Science is to constantly deepen the knowledge, discover progress and protect the quality of
life within a group, community, country, and the world. Thus, it is the study of power relationships
and competing interests among states around the world.
4. Anthropological perspectives are culture, cultural relativism, fieldwork, human diversity, holism, bio-cultural
focus. The four main perspectives of Anthropology are the cross-cultural or comparative emphasis, its evolutionary/
historical emphasis, its ecological emphasis, and its holistic emphasis . An example for this is the analysis and solu-
tions of the different aspects of the society such as the environment issues of pollution, the issues on health and
medicine and other issues related to the human activities.
5. Sociological perspective introduces the discipline of sociology, including something about its histo-
ry, questions, theory, and scientific methods, and what distinguishes it from other social science dis-
ciplines. Central features include social interaction and relationships, social contexts, social struc-
ture, social change, the significance of diversity and human variation, and the critical, questioning
character of sociology. It also explores what sociologists do.

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 IV. LESSON PROPER
Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives:
1. the functionalist perspective;
2. the conflict perspective; and
3. the symbolic interaction perspective.

6. Theoretical perspective is used to analyze and explain objects of social study, and facilitate or-
ganizing sociological knowledge. In functionalist perspective, societies are thought to function like
organisms, with various social institutions working together like organs to maintain and reproduce
societies. The conflict perspective sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the distribution
of resources, power, and inequality.
7. Political science perspective studies the tendencies and actions of people which cannot be easily
quantified or examined. Political science is more focused than most social sciences. It sticks to the
political arena and to the realm of politics, either dealing with situations with two competing sides or
the lateral decisions that affect the group as a whole. An example is the study of democracy as a
form of government and why is democracy considered as the best form of government.

IV. ACTIVITIES

I. Provide column B with one (1) example for each social differences in column A.

Column A Column B

A. Gender
Male
B. Gender Roles Male shoul be masculine
C. Socio– Economic Roles
Age
D. Ethnicity
American
E. Race
White
II. Power Organizer

Using the power organizer, write the most important details about the nature and goals of Anthropology, Sociology
and Political Science.
Questions:

Study of man 1. How do you find the activity?

2. What are the important details you find out

Study of culture of man
about the topic?
Relationships of man Study of mans behaviour

3. Do you find it helpful to know about the details

Society Study of mans origin
of the topic?
The activity is good

Economics Language Learning anthropology and sociology is im

portant
Politics Social behaviour

Beliefs
Yes
Ways of doing things

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III. What’s the Effect

Explain the advantages and disadvantages brought about by modernization as part of social change.

Advantages:
Modernization encourages the development of new forms of creativity and new tech that
revolutionized the speed and accuracy of production

Disadvantages:
Modernization brings tech that consumes energy and leads to bad things such as pollutio
n and climate change

VI. JOURNAL WRITING

Congratulations! You have just finished your module. After studying our lesson, kindly write the
things you have learned and found interesting. Think also of a question you want to ask as part
of your learning summaries.

3 THINGS I LEARNED IN THIS LESSON 2 THINGS I FOUND INTERESTING 1 THING I STILL HAVE A QUESTION ABOUT

VIII. REFERENCES

• Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Senior High School by: Gerry M. Lanuza&
Sarah S. Raymundo( Rex Bookstore)
• Understanding Culture, Society and Politics (Handbook) by: Glen Mark M. Mariano
• Hudelson, Patricia M. “Culture and quality: an anthropological perspective” International
Journal for Quality in Health Care, Volume 16, Issue 5, October 2004, Pages 345–346,
https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzh076.

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