ABSTRACT

Background: According to World Health Organization (WHO), in 2019 about 10 million

individuals were affected by Pulmonary Tuberculosis, with 1.4 million dying from the
disease, and that a quarter of the global population infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis
equivalent to 130 cases per 100.000 population. Globally, HIV associated TB as estimated to
be responsible for about 9% of all new cases and 20% of all TB death (E. Latang et al, 2019).
In sub Saharan Africa 80% of HIV, related mortality cases are associated with TB. In 2019,
about 208 000 people died of HIV-associated TB. The percentage of notified TB patients
who had documented HIV test result in 2019 was 69%, up from 64% in 2018. In the WHO
African Region, where the burden of HIV-associated TB is highest, 86% of TB patients had a
documented HIV test results. Overall, in 2019, 88% of TB patients known to be living with
HIV were on ART.
Aim/Objective: To determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in HIV seropositive patients
attending anti-retroviral therapy at Dokolo health centre IV.
Methodology: A cross sectional study with one time sampling was carried out on the study
participants.
Data collected was coded, tabulated and entered into excel statistical computer program for
analysis, Histogram, pie-charts and the graphs obtained were used to discuss results
Ethical consideration: Permission was sought from the Facility in-charge who authorised
the beginning of the study, through an introductory letter from principal lira institute of health
and management sciences. The researchers ensured that participants in this study were
presented with no risk to the subject other than those related to the disease.
Results: A total of 200 HIV patients were recruited during the study period and their socio
demographic characteristics were as shown in the table. Patients aged between 31-45 having
the highest percentage of 34% and median age was 40 years, female patients were 122(61%),
most patients were peasants 78(39%) with only 26(13%) having attended tertiary education.

Discussion: According to the results it was found out that more patients with drenching
night sweats had a highest percentage of smear positive (43%), followed by those with
cough (28%), and fever had the least percentage (4%). The disease diversity of TB varies
substantially between different age groups. Those differences need clarifying because a
better understanding of the immunological mechanism underlying disease and protection.
Disease risk after primary infection with mycobacterium TB is greatest in children (below
4 years) and declines slowly to the age of 5-10 years.

Conclusion: Since the increase in HIV infection rate leads to increase in TB disease, there
is need to re-examine the strategies for their control, the development of programs with an
integrated approach to inducing behavioral change and promoting condom use may reduce
the infectivity of HIV transmitters and the susceptibility of HIV exposed persons.