CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS Liên từ tương quan

and I will apply for this university

Eg: Both Susan _____

Linking word
 1. Both…and
- Dịch nghĩa là: Cả….và

- Có thể nối được: hai từ, hai cụm từ, hoặc hai mệnh đề ( một cặp S + V )

- Examples:

Both my friend and I go to the cinema.

I enjoy both listening to music and reading books.
I like it both when my wife is happy and when my wife is angry.

- Khi both..and làm chủ ngữ thì động từ chia số nhiều.

 2. Not only…but also
- Dịch nghĩa là: không những….mà còn…

- Có thể nối được: hai từ, hai cụm từ, hoặc hai mệnh đề ( một cặp S + V )

- Examples:
Not only he but also his mom goes out this weekend.
I like not only reading books but also listening to music
I not only hit the road this evening, but my sister also goes out .

- Khi not only…but also làm chủ ngữ thì động từ chia theo chủ ngữ thứ 2.
 3. Either…or
- Dịch nghĩa là: hoặc….hoặc

- Có thể nối được: hai từ, hai cụm từ, hoặc hai mệnh đề ( một cặp S + V )

- Examples:

Either you or he has to do it.

I can either listen to music or read books
Either you do your homework, or I will make you do your homework

- Khi either…or làm chủ ngữ thì động từ chia theo chủ ngữ thứ 2.
 4. Neither…nor
- Dịch nghĩa là: không…cũng không…

- Có thể nối được: hai từ, hai cụm từ, hoặc hai mệnh đề ( một cặp S + V )

- Examples:

Neither you nor he has to do it.

I can neither run fast nor read slowly
I like Vietnam’s weather neither when it is rainy nor when it is sunny.

- Khi neither…nor làm chủ ngữ thì động từ chia theo chủ ngữ thứ 2.
 5. Not…but
- Dịch nghĩa là: không…mà là…

- Có thể nối được: hai từ, hai cụm từ, hoặc hai mệnh đề ( một cặp S + V )

- Examples:

I’m not sad but happy.

She did not like just a little but loved her new earrings very much.
He does not feel sad when she’s crying but when she’s angry.

- Khi not…but làm chủ ngữ thì động từ chia theo chủ ngữ thứ 2.
Not I but my friend has to do the job.
 6. Whether…or
- Dịch nghĩa là: liệu rằng…hay là…

- Có thể nối được: hai từ, hai cụm từ, hoặc hai mệnh đề ( một cặp S + V )

- Examples:
I don’t know whether the white paint or the green paint is better.

Whether you helped him or he did it himself doesn’t concern me.

I don’t care whether because you like him or because he likes you.
 7. Would rather…than
- Dịch nghĩa là: thà rằng…hơn là…

- Đi với động từ nguyên thể : Would rather V than V

- Examples:
I’d rather stay home than go out in this weather.
 8. No sooner…than
- Dịch nghĩa là: vừa khi….thì…

- Chỉ có thể nối được hai mệnh đề độc lập ( hai cặp S + V )

- Examples:
I had no sooner seen him than she called me.
I had no sooner left than she arrived.

- Ta có thể để “No sooner” đứng đầu, nhưng phải đảo ngữ giống câu hỏi
( trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ )
No sooner had I seen him than she called me.
No sooner had I left than she arrived.
 9. Hardly…when
- Giống với no sooner…than

- Examples:
She had hardly finished her homework when her friends came.
I have hardly noticed her when she bumps into me.

- Ta có thể để “Hardly” đứng đầu, nhưng phải đảo ngữ giống câu hỏi
( trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ )

Hardly had she finished her homework when her friends came.
Hardly have I noticed her when she bumps into me.
 10. As….as
- Dịch là : bằng…..với

- Cấu trúc : As + tính từ/trạng từ + as

- Ví dụ:
This supercar can run as fast as a leopard.
 ACTIVITY 1 Circle correlative conjunctions

1. I want either the cheesecake or the chocolate cake.

2. We'll have both the cheesecake and the chocolate cake.
3. I didn't know whether you'd want the cheesecake or the chocolate cake
4. Oh, you want neither the cheesecake nor the chocolate cake? No problem.
5. I'll eat them both - not only the cheesecake but also the chocolate cake.
6. Bowling isn't as fun as skeet shooting.
7. She'd rather play the drums than sing
Correlative conjunctions

Both A and B Verb (Plural form)

Either A or B Verbs agree with B

Neither A nor B
Not only A but also B

A as well as B Verbs agree with A

 CHECKUP Choose the correct answer

1. She is neither polite _______ funny.

The subject of a sentence performs the verb’s action
A. or
B. nor
C. not
2. _______ that is the case, _______ I’m not surprised about what’s happening.
A. If / then
B. No sooner / than
C. Whether / or
 CHECKUP Choose the correct answer

3. Have you made a decision about _______ to go to the movies _______ not?
The subject of a sentence performs the verb’s action
A. if / then
B. either / or
C. whether / or
4. _______ had I put my umbrella away _______ it started raining.
A. No sooner / than
B. If / then
C. Neither / nor
 EXERCISE 6 Fill in the blanks with proper conjunctions

Describe your best friend

Well, her name is Joey and she’s one of my closest friends in high school.
She’s 1……….a nice person 2………..an excellent student, who I admired a lot. I
rememberIn formal
once 3……..writing to make
I 4……….she it lessaspersonal
were chosen class representatives for
school exams and she was really supportive and helped me to improve my
speech for our presentations. Although 5……… I 6……….she won in the end we
were happy for the times we spent working and making relentless efforts.
Thanks to her I had a memorable student life.
 EXERCISE 6 Fill in the blanks with proper conjunctions

Describe your best friend

Well, her name is Joey and she’s one of my closest friends in high school.
She’s not only a nice person but also an excellent student, who I admired a
In formal
lot. I remember writing
once both to make
she and it less as
I were chosen personal
class representatives for
school exams and she was really supportive and helped me to improve my
speech for our presentations. Although neither she nor I won in the end, we
were happy for the times we spent working and making relentless efforts.
Thanks to her I had a memorable student life.
 EXERCISE 7 Rewrite sentences using correlative

1. She is beautiful. She is smart.

 She is both beautiful and smart.

1. She is not tall. She is not short.

In formal writing to make it less personal
 She’s neither tall nor short.

1. She is a nice person. She is also a good student.

 She’s not only a nice person but also a good student.

1. She is 19. I’m 19 too.

 Both she and I are 19.
 EXERCISE 8 Fill in the blanks with correlative conjunctions

1. Both Susan ………….…..

…………….. and her sister are in the forest now.

2. not only smokes ……………...

He ………………. but also drinks alcohol every day.

3. In formal
He is very writing
honest. He wouldtorather
make itstarve
…………….…. less personal
than steal.
……………...

4. Either you ………………..

The window in the kitchen is dirty. …………….... or your sister
has to clean it .
5. Neither Eva …………..……
………………. nor Silvia goes on holiday this year. They’re so busy
at work.
as as
6. She comes to visit her grandparents …………….… often ………..….. she can.