Project For Bca Student

Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Degree of
(Bachelor in Computer Applications)
MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY
SUBMITTED TO
DIKSHA SINHA
ENROLMENT NO: 176865330
PROGRAMME- BCA
STUDY CENTER CODE- 0592(P)
GUIDE NAME- MRS. KALPANA KUMARI MCA FROM IGNOU
FRONT END- JAVA & BACK END- ORACLE 10G
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
A. Documentation enclosures
1. APPROVAL LETTER
2. CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
3. GUIDE’S CERTIFICATE
4. DECLARATION
5. COMPANY’S CERTIFICATE
6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
7. GUIDE’S BIO-DATA
8. QUALIFICATION DOCUMENT/CERTIFICATES OF THE PROJECT GUIDE
B. SYNOPSIS[PROJECT PROPOSAL] 07-35
C. Project documentation
TOPICS PAGE
1. TITLE OF THE PROJECT 36
2. INTRODUCTION TO THE CLIENT 37
3. BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT 38
4. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT 39
5. PURPOSE,SCOPE & APPLICABILITY 40
6. ORGANISATION REPRTS 44
7. SURVEY OF TECNOLOGIES 46
8. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 49
9. SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM 51
10. FEASIBILITY STUDY 53
11. COST ESTIMATION 56
12. DFD, E_R DIAGRAM & FLOW CHARTS 69
13. PROGRAM CODING 79
14. PURPOSE & TESTING 113
15. OUTPUT 122
16. LIMITATION & FUTURE SCOPE 127
17. BIBLOGRAPHY 129
2
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that the project report entitled “MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL “ With Special
Reference To MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY PVT. LTD. DANAPUR,PATNA, [BIHAR]”
Submitted to IGNOU in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA), is an original work carried out by
DIKSHA SINHA, Enrolment No. 176865330 under the guidance of KALPANA KUMARI.
The matter embodied in this project is a genuine work done by the student and has not been
submitted whether to this University or to any other University/ Institute for the fulfillment of the
requirement of any course of study.
Signature of the Student: Signature of the Guide

[KALPANA KUMARI]
Snr. Software Engineer
(NICESOFTECH ,Patna)
Name Of the Student
DIKSHA SINHA,
Enrolment No. 176865330
3
GUIDE’S CERTIFICATE
Certified that DIKSHA SINHA, Enrolment No. 176865330, Program Code BCA, of IGNOU
has worked on this project under my supervision and guidance. It is outcome of his extensive
study on the subject.
I hereby recommend that project may kindly be accepted for evaluation for examination. I
wish him success in life.
Signature
(KALPANA KUMARI)
Project Guide
4
DECLARATION
I do hereby declare that the software Titled “MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL “ With Special
Reference To MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY PVT. LTD. DANAPUR,PATNA,
[BIHAR]””, is developed by me under the guidance of Mrs KALPANA KUMARI. It is an
original work and has not been submitted earlier to this university or any other institution to the
best of my Knowledge.
Student’s Signature
(DIKSHA SINHA )
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
5
I dedicate my project report to the “MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL for getting automates
the overall organization’s system. It is an attempt to serve them at my possible extent
through my project work. When we do anything, we always want to thank all those people
who have left an impression on our lives and inspired us to greatness. Before we get into
things I would like to add a few heartfelt words for the people who were part of this report
in numerous ways…. In particular I wish to thank “ KALPANA KUMARI”, for her
unending support and wide vision, bold suggestions under whose noble guidance this project
work was completed. I, hereby, take an opportunity to thank Mr. Amit Kumar(System
Analyst) of NiceSoftech.
I would like to say a heartfelt thanks to Manager of MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY
PVT. LTD. DANAPUR,PATNA, [BIHAR]”. I wish to thank At the moment I want to say
thanks to Our Program In charge and faculty members for guidance and support at our Study
Center.
And finally heartfelt appreciation to my Mother, Father, and friends and others who have in
one way or other provided assistance in course of my project work.
DIKSHA SINHA,
Enrolment No. 176865330
6
SYNOPSIS
Title of The Project

7
MAP2 TOUR
&
Travel Agency
INTRODUCTION TO THE CLIENT
8
ABOUT MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY
.
A MAP2 Tour & travel agency is a private retailer or public service that provides travel

and tourism related services to the public on behalf of suppliers such as activities, airlines, car
rentals, cruise lines, hotels, railways, travel insurance, and package tours. In addition to dealing with
ordinary tourists, most travel agencies have a separate department devoted to making travel
arrangements for business travelers; some travel agencies specialize in commercial and business
travel only. There are also travel agencies that serve as general sales agents for foreign travel
companies, allowing them to have offices in countries other than where their headquarters are
located.
A travel agency's main function is to act as an agent, selling travel products and services on behalf of
a supplier. Consequently, unlike other retail businesses, they do not keep a stock in hand, unless they
have pre-booked hotel rooms and/or cabins on a cruise ship for a group travel event such as a
wedding, honeymoon, or a group event. A package holiday or a ticket is not purchased from a
supplier unless a customer requests that purchase. The holiday or ticket is supplied to the agency at
a discount. The profit is therefore the difference between the advertised price which the customer
pays and the discounted price at which it is supplied to the agent. This is known as the commission.
In many countries, all individuals or companies that sell tickets are required to be licensed as a travel
agent.
In some countries, airlines have stopped giving commissions to travel agencies. Therefore, travel
agencies are now forced to charge a percentage premium or a standard flat fee, per sale. However,
some companies pay travel agencies a set percentage for selling their product. Major tour companies
can afford to do this, because if they were to sell a thousand trips at a cheaper rate, they would still
come out better than if they sold a hundred trips at a higher rate. This process benefits both parties.
[7]
It is also cheaper to offer commissions to travel agents rather than engage in advertising and
distribution campaigns without using agents.
9
BACKGROUND OF PROJECT
This is an era of ‘Information Technology’ where
getting information is the base of each and everything . Success of any business depends
upon its popularity and goodwill .Today, market has been expanded and we have to be a
global player. Customers want to access most of information from his/her residence.
In this way, there is no need to say that there is the
Organization , “MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY” which helps us to solve all of these
problems. It
provides the services of Reservation and Cancellation of tickets for different means of
travel like Buses/Trains/Airlines in easy way.
10
OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT
The main objective of the project is to provide
better facility related to “AIRLINES”. The Travel Agency maintains all the records about
Reservation , Cancellation of tickets for Airlines.
The S/W will be able to manage such type of procedure:-
 To provide better Reservation as well as Cancellation facilities.
 To keep track of data bases for queries.
 To provide the activities with a system for setting up and management for each
program.
 Cost effective system.
So, these are some of the objectives which we have to accomplish.
11
Purpose of the project
These are the main purposes which are to be concerned for doing this project:-
 Efficient and controlled ticket & Reservation handling.
 To keep records about employees.
 To provide the activities with a system for setting up and management for each program.
 It provides the better ticketing system issuing tickets & provides the activities offices
status on demand for each and everyone and
 It provides accounting information to all levels of management in a timely manner.
Draw Backs with the existing system

12
 It is very time consuming.
 Less data security.
 More paper works are to be done.
 No query generation facility , and
 No report generation facility.
Scope of the project
13
This S/W is being developed in oops (object
oriented technology), by which in future any type of changes can easily be
recommended .
‘Travel Agency ’ is just like a ‘HELP LINE’ which
is working and providing services to public to reduce the business of life by tackling their
small works, so any agency which wants to be computerized , may use this S/w by little
changes in original one & get better efficiency in their internal information management
activities .
Survey of technologies
14
First of all ,the most important technology , used
to develop this project is , oops technology .
 Object – Oriented Programming
Oops is a way of developing S/W using objects .
Objects contain their own data and behaviour . objects in oops are called or
referenced by way of messages . object oriented programming and design is all
about objects .
some of the oops characteristics which make it differ from other technologies …
 The basic programming entity is the object . As object can be considered to be a
variable that stores data and can perform operation on the stored data itself .These
objects send messages to each other.
 Each object has its own memory that may be made up of other objects . Thus oops
are suitable for complex problem solving .
 All objects of a class can receive the same messages but may behave differently .
 Front End
Front end remains on client side. Front end is made
for end user who uses our application . Basically in front end, our input-output forms
reside which takes the I/P from the client and gives O/P back to client .
Why we are using Java as a front end language ?
15
Java is a high level, third-generation programming
language like ‘C’, ’Fortran’ and many others. It is a platform for distributed computing a
development and runtime environment that contents built in support for the world wide
web .
The development of Java began at ‘Sun Micro system’ in
1991, the same year the World Wide Web was conceived. Java’s creator, James Gosling
did not design Java for the Internet. His main objective was to create a common
development environment for customer electronic devices which was easily portable
from one device to another.
 Java Features
Some of the important features of Java are as follows:-
 Simplicity
 Platform Independence
 Security
 Multi Threading
 Dynamic Linking
 Garbage collection.
 Back End
16
Back end remains on server side and has two
Components i.e ,
1. Server side program.

2. Data base
i.e collection of tables which can be divided into
two parts:
1. DBMS
2. RDBMS
We will be using RDBMS in our project i.e ‘ORACLE’.
Why we are using Oracle as a Back End ?
Some of the merits of using Oracle is as under:-
 Centralization of database.
 Client server technology.
 Security.
 Normalization of databases.
 Relationship, and
 Transaction processor.
Hence because of these features, we are using Oracle as a
Back end technology.
17
Requirements and Analysis
 Problem Definition:
This project is related to an organization ‘Travel Agency’.
A Travel Agency works as an indirect server for the customers. The Travel Agent takes
the information details of the customer’s journey. If the schedule of customer matches
from the available flights, the Travel Agent informs the customer. The customer pays the
taxes and the booking charge. A fact is noticed that the Travel Agency selects the
cheapest flights from the available ones.
Now, the information of the customer is retained until his
confirmation. This information should be stored somewhere. The debit report of the
customer should also be stored. After any sort of cancellation, the fine should be reduced
from the total booking charge. The employee details should also be maintained, and
above searching and retrieval of all these information should fast and efficient.
This project’s problem domain lies in all these facts.
 Requirements Specification:
The SRS (Software Requirement Specification) is produced
at the conclusion of the analysis task. The function and performance allocated to S/W as
part of system engineering are refined by establishing a complete information description,
a detailed description, a representation of system behaviour, an indication of performance
requirements and design constraints and other information relevant to requirements.
The information description provides a detailed description
of the problem that the S/W must solve .

A description of each function required to solve the
18
problem is represented in the functional description. The behavioural description section
of the specification examines the operation of the S/W as a consequence of external
events and internally generated control characteristics.
These are some of the behavioural description present in the S/W:-
 Work good in adverse condition.
 Work as for the requirements of the members & staffs of Travel Agency.
 Work with reliability, correctness and easiness.
 Work without any external support.
 Input to the project
1. Customer number
2. Name & Address of the customer
3. Age & Sex of the customer
4. Current Date & Time (default)
5. Service charge of “Travel Agency”, and
6. Choice as Yes or No for saving record.
 Output of the project
1. Status report of database of each module
2. Query of records as per customer’s number
3. Saving messages
4. Warning messages
5. Automatic O/P of details after using searching utility field.
Advantages of new computerized system
19
 It is fully user friendly
 It doesn’t require expert hand
 Paper work is reduced
 Faster access of information, and
 Better searching facility.
 Planning and Scheduling
The overall working of the organization is performed in different phases.
This system consists of five Modules namely:-
1. Reservation Module
2. Cancellation Module
3. Debit Report Module
4. Search Utility Module, and
5. Administration Module.
Gantt chart
20
This chart represents all the activities and the
amount of time taken during the product development period. A tabular form is
maintained where rows indicate the task with milestones and columns indicate duration
(weeks).
TASKS WEEK1 WEEK2 WEEK3 WEEK4
Requirement
Gathering
Design
Test Cases
Coding
Quality
Assurance
Testing
Build
 H/W & S/W Requirements
21
** Hardware Requirements:-
Microprocessor : Pentium based or its higher
Cache Memory : 256 KB
RAM : 256MB or more
Monitor : Color
Motherboard : 810E
Hard Disk : 40GB
** Software Requirements:-
Operating System : Windows XP/7
Front End : Java AWT classes
Back End : Oracle 10g
Language : Java programming language.
These are the suitable H/W & S/W requirements to develop this
project.
Preliminary product information
22
These are some of the requirements and objectives of
New proposed system:-
 To provide better Reservation as well as cancellation facilities.
 To keep track of databases for queries.
program.
 To provide accounting information to all levels of management in a timely

manner.
** Functions and Operation of the Application/System
From the functional point of view, different modules are
Concerned which are:-
4. Search Utility, and
DATABASE DESIGN
Customer Master File
23
Column Heading Type Size Constraints
Customer_id Number 8 Primary key
Customer_name Text 25 Not Null
Customer_addr Text 30 Not Null
Customer_age Number 3 Not Null
Customer_source Text 30 Not Null
Customer_dest. Text 30 Not Null
No_Of_ Persons Number 3 Not Null
Date_of_journey Date - Not Null
Employee Master File
24
Emp_id Number 3 Primary Key
Emp_name Text 20 Not Null
Date_of_Birth Date - Not Null<=01/01/85
Date_of_join Date - Not Null>=01/01/99
Emp_salary Number 6 Not Null>=2000
AND <=15000 Emp_des
Text 15 Not Null
Emp_grade character 1 Not Null
Emp_addr Text 30 Not Null
Emp_contact_no Number 10 Not NulL
Process logic summary
25
** Reservation
/* START*/
STEP 1: Customer enters the details.
STEP 2: Travel Agent checks for the availability of the requested journey.
STEP 3: If schedule database confirms the journey.
STEP 4: For all records of the schedule database is checked for the cheapest
booking charge.
STEP 5: Customer pays the amount.

Else
STEP 6: Print NO confirmation.
STEP 7: Halt.
/* END */
** Cancellation
26
/* START */
Step 1: If customer cancels the journey.
Step 2: Travel Agency deletes all the information regarding the customer.
Else
Step 3: If customer extends his/her journey.
Step 4: The new details are redirected to reservation module.
/* END */
** Search
/* START */
STEP 1: The record to be searched is entered.
STEP 2: While the last record of the database is not encountered.
STEP 3: If the record is matched with the entered record.
STEP 4: End loop.
Else
STEP 5: Move to the next record.
STEP 6: Display the record details.
/* END */
 Conceptual Models
Data Flow Diagram
27
Travel Management
Service System Service
CUSTOME request confirmation CUSTOMER
Flight code, Source,

Destination info.
New Flight Status of Each
Flight
Details Travel Agency
Modification in Issue the Ticket

Flight Details
for Each
Report of cancelled
Booking Flight code, date, Flight /Ticket
Ticket no. etc.
CONTEXT LEVEL DFD
** Reservation
28
1.0
Customer enters info. D Database info. redirection Validation

B Module
1
rejection
Confirms Pays Amount

Reservation D Scrap
B accepts
2
D Schedule
non-availability B database
3
Available
1.1
Reservation
Confirmation
Module for
Travel Agency Application Flight
Selects cheapest flight
1.1.1
Report Generation
Travel Agency
Enters details
Prints Reports
& Pays
Tickets Customer
1st LEVEL DFD
** Cancellation
29
Request to
Cancel/Extend Journey
Customer Travel Agent
Updates
D
B Database
4
Updates
Cancellation Module
1.2
Cancels
Scrap
2ND t LEVEL DFD
30
** System Flow Chart
Start
Repeatation
User Choice
Choice A Choice B
Reservation Cancellation
Menu Menu
Do required work Do the process

as per choice
Stop
31
** E-R Diagram
C-name
C-age
C-no Reg-no
Source
P-date
Destination Name
Customer Order Travel Agency Pays Payment
O-date T-add P-time

Ph-no
C-sex O-time
C-add
Has
E-name E-no
Employee E-add
E-type
Is a E-no
E-no
Sales Person Accountant

E-name
E-add E-name E-add
32
Introduction to NICESOFTECH
NiceSoftech is a private limited software development company headed by Mr.

AMIT KUMAR. The purpose of the establishment of company is to provide smooth
technology aspects in IT sectors by developing software with emerging
technological factors .Nicesoftech is leading the work of data processing and
software development by developing and processing voluminous data for different
Agencies like Railway Recruitment board, housing board, colleges, insurance
sectors, departmental stores, cyber cafes etc all involving voluminous data
requiring sharp edge technology and expertise. The organization has a well
established software section exploring the new technology and employing them for
their client to gain the benefit of emerging technologies. The new trends like OMR,
scanning application forms, animation and printing photographs on certificates,
OCR technology, bio- metric technology etc are employed to enhance the data
processing tasks, the organization is also working in the field of internet related
services. The web site development web security, e- commerce, accounting is also
explored and running successfully.
The said project entitled ”MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL” has been developed under
this software consultancy.
Address:
NiceSofTech
2nd floor, Rishi Bazar Complex
Kadam Kuan , patna-3
+91-9199789525 / 9852309693
SCOPE/FUTURE ENHANCEMENT OF APPLICATION
33
Limitations of the system:
 System works in all platforms and its compatible environments.
 It can work either on desktop environment or client/server architecture.
 User cannot do any changes without the permission of Admin.
Future Enhancements:
It is not possible to develop a system that makes all the requirements of the user. User
requirements keep changing as the system is being used. Some of the future enhancements
that can be done to this system are:
 Since a new item has been launched time to time, so it can be easily
included in the existing application without affecting the entire module.
 The proposed system database is an RDBMS and any changes could be
easily incorporated into the information system in future when
management decides to computerize its other process of new requirement.
 New fields can be added without affecting the system performance.
 The system is built on RDBMS technology, therefore all especial ties of an
RDBMS system and future scope can also be defined from here.
 Any shop that has similar requirements can adopt this application after
doing slight modifications
34
3.TITLE OF THE PROJECT
35
INTRODUCTION TO THE CLIENT
36
This project is a ‘Business to customer’. As the Project title
is “MAP2 TOUR & TOURISM TRAVEL AGENCY” DANAPUR.
It maintains all the records related to reservation & cancellation of tickets for Buses/Airlines. It
provides a better facility related to booking of any journey for any passenger. This organization
plays vital role as a mediator to perform these jobs in an easy manner. A customer can ask all of
his/her problems and requirements about reservation and cancellation and the organization
provides them everything which they want.
The main purpose of this project is to enhance our knowledge in the field of project development
using ‘JAVA’ as a language.
Background of Project
37
This is an era of ‘Information Technology’ where getting information is the base of each and
everything. Success of any business depends upon its popularity and goodwill .Today, market has
been expanded and we have to be a global player. Customers want to access most of information
from his/her residence. In this way, there is no need to say that there is the Organization, “MAP2
TOUR & TOURISM TRAVEL AGENCY” which helps us to solve all of these problems. It
provides the services of Reservation and Cancellation of tickets for different means of Travel like
Buses/Airlines in easy way.
Objectives of Project
38
The main objective of the project is to provide better facility
related to “BUSES & AIRLINES”. The Travel Agency maintains all the records about
Reservation, Cancellation of tickets for Buses & Airlines.
The S/W will be able to manage such type of procedure:-
program.
So, these are some of the objectives which we have to

accomplish.
Purpose, Scope & Applicability
39
Purpose of the project
Scope of the project
40
This S/W is being developed in oops (object oriented technology), by which in future any type of
changes can easily be recommended.
‘MAP2 Tour & Tourism Travel Agency ’ is just like a ‘HELP LINE’ which is working and
providing services to public to reduce the business of life by tackling their small works, so any
agency which wants to be computerized , may use this S/W by little changes in original one & get
better efficiency in their internal information management activities .
Applicability of the project
41
As the organization ‘Travel Agency’ is just like a help line like Customer Care, it is required to
have a very careful analysis to develop the system to meet their need mentioned in the proposal,
they (Agency Members) wanted a clear CBIS (Computer Based Information System), which cope
up with their practical problems, they were facing in earlier system. The proposed system is to
develop to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and controlling function of managing by
providing more timely, relevant and accurate information to the concerned authorizes.
IPO of the S/W

System: Travel Agency
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Password Check password Acceptance or

Rejection
Choice Selection Open form as per

Selection
Data File Write File Entry record with

primary Key.
Edit File Edit record as

per the primary key.
Delete File Delete record as per

primary record.
Search from File Search result as per
primary key.
Close File
Our Achievements . . .
42
Achievement keeps its own importance after the completion of any work. The Project would help
in effective systematic record keeping , that is storing and retrieving of useful data. This project
will be able to give the report so that management can make decisions on the basis of those
reports.
 The main Achievements of study:-
1. It properly contains all the information related to their services.
2. It is able to handle the efficient and controlled ticket & reservation system.
3. It is able to keep track of databases for queries.
4. It is able to provide the activities with a system for setting up and management for each
program.
5. It also provides accounting information to all levels of management in a timely manner.
So, these are some of the goals, we have fully achieved during the project period.
Organization Report
The Project “MAP2 Tour & Tourism Travel Agency” is developed in a systematic way
43
The Project is divided chapter wise into seven parts.
All chapters contain different functions & requirements.
** Analysis:
Chapter 1 & 2 contains analysis part of the Project.
The main activities are:
 Background & Objectives.
 Purpose, Scope & Applicability.
 Our Achievements.
 The technologies required.
** SRS:
Chapter 3 contains SRS (System Requirement Specification) i.e.
O/P of Analysis part and I/P for Design part.
The main activities are:
 Problem Definition.
 Requirement Specification.
 Planning & Scheduling.
 S/W & H/W Requirement.
 Preliminary Product Description.
 Conceptual Models.
System Design:
Chapter 4 contains complete System Design parts.
These are…
 Basic Modules.
44
 Data Design.
 Procedural Design.
 User Interface Design.
 Security Issues.
 Test Case Design.
** Coding:
Chapter 5 contains Coding detail of the Project.
Also it includes…
 Code Efficiency.
 Testing Approaches.
** Support:
At last chapter 6 & 7 contains other issues.
These are…
 Modifications & Improvements.
 Implementations.
 Result & Discussion.
 Conclusion about the Project.
In short, it is an overview of what is to come in the Project Report.
SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES
First of all, the most important technology, used to develop this project is, oops technology.
 Object – Oriented Programming
45
Oops is a way of developing S/W using objects . Objects contain their own data and behavior. objects
in oops are called or referenced by way of messages object oriented programming and design is all
about objects .
Some of the OOPS characteristics which make it differ from other technologies
…
 The basic programming entity is the object . As object can be considered to be a variable
that stores data and can perform operation on the stored data itself .These objects send
messages to each other.
 Each object has its own memory that may be made up of other objects . Thus oops are
suitable for complex problem solving .
 All objects of a class can receive the same messages but may behave differently .
 Front End
Front end remains on client side. Front end is made for end user who uses our application
Basically in front end, our input-output forms reside which takes the I/P from the client and gives
O/P back to client .
46
Why we are using Java as a front end language ?
Java is a high level, third-generation programming language like ‘C’, ’Fortran’ and many others.
It is a platform for distributed computing a development and runtime environment that contents
built in support for the world wide web .
The development of Java began at ‘Sun Micro system’ in 1991, the
same year the World Wide Web was conceived. Java’s creator, James Gosling did not design
Java for the Internet. His main objective was to create a common development environment for
customer electronic devices which was easily portable from one device to another.
Some of the important features of Java are as follows:-
 Simplicity
 Platform Independence
 Security
 Multi Threading
 Dynamic Linking
 Garbage collection.
 Back End
Back end remains on server side and has two Components i.e. ,
1. Server side program.
47
2. Data base
i.e. collection of tables which can be divided into two parts:
1. DBMS
2. RDBMS
We will be using RDBMS in our project i.e. ‘ORACLE’.
Why we are using Oracle as a Back End ?
Some of the merits of using Oracle is as under:-
 Centralization of database.
 Client server technology.
 Security.
 Normalization of databases.
 Relationship, and
 Transaction processor.
Hence because of these features, we are using Oracle as a Back end technology.
 System analysis
Analysis describes the “What” of a system. It is the process of gathering and interpreting facts.
Analysis specifies what the system should do. The objectives that are to be achieved in S/W
48
process development, the requirements. In the requirements analysis phase, the requirements are
properly defined and noted down.
The O/P of this Phase is SRS.The main activities in the analysis phase are cost estimation, project
planning and scheduling, feasibility report preparation, and the development of SRS document of
the project.
 Preliminary investigation
With respect to this proposed system preliminary investigation activity is divided into three
parts:-
Request Clarification
Previously the request of the member of “Travel Agency” was not clearly
defined. Further we refined the problems by clarifying the facts needed for our project by heading
more meeting with the members of the “Travel Agency”
Questionnaires
Further we gave the set of questionnaires to the members
of “Travel Agency”. The question set, which was prepared to gather data from the set of
members & staffs. All the questions were Objective/Subjective types. All objective questions
contained only three options: - ‘yes’, ‘no’, and ‘can’t say’.
The question was made to acquire more and more system. Some questions, which were present in
the questionnaires were: –
** Are you satisfied with the present system or more refinement is needed?
49
** What type of refinement you need in the new system?
** Do you need extra training, so that you can become part of new system?
As this phase is very critical, we have tried to make all the questions were
short, easy to understand, unbiased, non-threatening and specific. Further
gathered all the information and proceeded for the further development of the
new system.
Observe the existing system
Observing the existing system has given the clear view about working of the organization. By
observing the system, many new things came in the light, which were not known previously.
 Software Engineering Paradigm
A ‘process model’ or a ‘software engineering paradigm’ is
chosen based on the nature of the project and application, methods to be used, and the controls
and deliverables that are required.
All software development can be characterized as a problem-solving loop in which four
distinct stages are encountered: status quo, problem definition, technical development, and
solution integration. Status quo “represents the current state of affairs”; problem definition
50
identifies the specific problem to be solved; technical development solves the problem through the
application of some technology, and solution integration delivers the results to those who
requested the solution in the first place.
At present in the software industry there are various software
engineering paradigms, which are used in software development. Out of these software
engineering paradigms we have selected “The Linear Sequential Model” for the development of
this project. It is also sometimes called “Classic Life Cycle” or the “Waterfall Model” suggests a
systematic, sequential approach to software development that begins at the system level and
progresses through analysis, design, coding, testing, and support.
System/information
engineering
Analysi Design Code Testin
Fig1 : Classical Life Cycle
51
THE LINEAR SEQUENTIAL MODEL
Analysis
Design
Coding
Testing
Maintenance
Fig2 : Waterfall Model
 Feasibility Study
Three types of feasibility studies are performed:-
1. Economic Feasibility
2. Technical Feasibility
3. Operational Feasibility
Economic Feasibility
52
The first step in conducting economic feasibility is to analyze the status
of the organization. The expense that the top level management has sanctioned
for computerization. Once the initial investment is made, soon it would nullify
the initial cost at later stage when the system developed would give profit in
operations.The system would be very user friendly and there will be no need to
invest on recruitmentof experts. Basic training can be given to all the existing
personals. This would help inmaintaining control over the operation staffs and
also in providing solutions to minorproblems. Since, man and development
machine is readily available and there is no great amount of production cost
associated with the system.
Technical Feasibility
** Hardware Platform
Development Machine 1. Intel Pentium processor at a
speed of 400 MHz
2. 128 MB RAM
3. 60 GB Hard Disk
4. LG color monitor
5. Intex Mouse
6. Compaq Multimedia Keyboard
53
7. LG CD Drive
Implementation Machine 1. Intel Pentium Processor at a
speed of 500 MHz
2. 64 MB RAM
3. 40 GB Hard Disk
4. LG Color Monitor
5. Intex Mouse
6. Compaq keyboard (Multimedia Preferred)
7. LG CD Drive
Operational Feasibility
1. It is fully user friendly
The system is fully user friendly since it is developed in java which is
most suitable for creating user friendly environment.
2. It doesn’t require expert hand
The data entry can be done by any body, since it handles any error occurred
with a readable message which guides even a raw hand to sort out the error.
3. Efficient Tractability
54
What ever be the number of access of information tracing of information
is easy.
4. Easy Help generation
Help menus are displayed.
 Cost Estimation
In the early days of computing S/W cost comprised a small percentage of overall computer-based
system cost. An order of magnitude error in
estimates of software cost had relatively little impact. Today, software is the most expensive
element in the most computer-based system. A large cost estimation error can make the difference
between profit & loss. Cost overrun can be disastrous for the developer.
S/W cost & effort estimation will never be an exact science. Too many variables – human,
technical, environmental, political- can affect the
55
ultimate cost of software and effort applied to develop it .However software project estimation
can be transformed from a mysterious art to a series of systematic steps that provide estimates
with acceptable rise.
To achieve reliable cost and effort estimates, a number of options arise:
1. Delay estimation until late in the project (obviously, we can achieve 100% accurate
estimates after the project is complete!)
2. Base estimates on similar projects that have already been completed.
3. Use relatively simple “decomposition techniques” to generate project cost and
effort estimates.
4. Use one or more empirical models for software cost and effort estimation.
Requirements and Analysis
 (SRS) Software Requirement Specification
The Software Requirements Specification is produced at the
conclusion of the analysis task. The function and performance allocated to software as part of
system engineering are refined by establishing a complete information description, a detailed
functional description, a representation of system behavior, an indication of performance
requirements and design constraints, appropriate validation criteria, and other information
relevant to requirements.
56
The P reface of the software requirements specification states
the goals and objectives of the software , describing it in the context of the computer-based
system.
The Information Description provides a detailed description
of the problem that the software must solve. A description of each function required to solve the
problem is represented in the Functional Description.
The Behavioral Description section of the specification examines the operation of
the software as a consequence of external events and internally generated control characteristics.
These are some of the Behavioral Description present in the software:
 Work good in adverse conditions.
 Work as for the requirements of the members & staffs of Travel Agency.
 Work with reliability, correctness, and easiness.
 Work without any external support.
 Problem Definition:
This project is related to an organization ‘Travel Agency’.
A Travel Agency works as an indirect server for the customers. The Travel Agent takes
the information details of the customer’s journey. If the schedule of customer matches
from the available flights, the Travel Agent informs the customer. The customer pays the
taxes and the booking charge. A fact is noticed that the Travel Agency selects the
cheapest flights from the available ones.
Now, the information of the customer is retained until his
confirmation. This information should be stored somewhere. The debit report of the
57
customer should also be stored. After any sort of cancellation, the fine should be reduced
from the total booking charge. The employee details should also be maintained, and
above searching and retrieval of all these information should fast and efficient.
This project’s problem domain lies in all these facts.
 Requirements Specification:
The SRS (Software Requirement Specification) is produced
at the conclusion of the analysis task. The function and performance allocated to S/W as
part of system engineering are refined by establishing a complete information description,
a detailed description, a representation of system behaviour, an indication of performance
requirements and design constraints and other information relevant to requirements.
The information description provides a detailed description
of the problem that the S/W must solve .
A description of each function required to solve the
problem is represented in the functional description. The behavioural description section
of the specification examines the operation of the S/W as a consequence of external
events and internally generated control characteristics.
These are some of the behavioural description present in the S/W:-
 Work good in adverse condition.
 Work as for the requirements of the members & staffs of Travel Agency.
 Work with reliability, correctness and easiness.
 Work without any external support.
58
 Input to the project
1. Customer number
2. Name & Address of the customer
3. Age & Sex of the customer
4. Current Date & Time (default)
5. Service charge of “Travel Agency”, and
6. Choice as Yes or No for saving record.
 Output of the project
1. Status report of database of each module
2. Query of records as per customer’s number
3. Saving messages
4. Warning messages
5. Automatic O/P of details after using searching utility field.
Advantages of new computerized system
59
 It is fully user friendly
 It doesn’t require expert hand
 Paper work is reduced
 Faster access of information, and
 Better searching facility.
 Planning and Scheduling
The overall working of the organization is performed in
different phases.
This system consists of five Modules namely:-
4. Search Utility Module, and
60
 Team Plan
The development of the project is going to be possible with the

help of a Team Structure containing from seniors.
The figure depicts a WBS:
Software Project
Analysis
Desi C Testing
Maintenance
61
Fig3: WBS
Flow Graph
Various modules are represented as nodes with
edges connecting nodes. Dependencies between nodes is shown by flow of data between
nodes.
The figure depicts a Flow Graph:

M2
M1 M4
Enddd
Start
M3
Fig4: Flow Graph
Gantt chart
This chart represents all the activities and the
amount of time taken during the product development period. A tabular form is
maintained where rows indicate the task with milestones and columns indicate duration
(weeks).
62
TASKS WEEK1 WEEK2 WEEK3 WEEK4
Requirement
Gathering
Design
Test Cases
Coding
Quality
Assurance
Testing
Build
 H/W & S/W Requirements
** Hardware Requirements:-
Microprocessor : Pentium based or its higher
Cache Memory : 256 KB
RAM : 256MB or more
Monitor : Color
Motherboard : 810E
63
Hard Disk : 40GB
** Software Requirements:-
Operating System : Windows xp/7
Front End : Java AWT classes
Back End : Oracle 10g
Language : Java programming language.
These are the suitable H/W & S/W requirements to develop this
project.
Preliminary product information
These are some of the requirements and objectives of
New proposed system:-
 To provide better Reservation as well as cancellation facilities.
64
 To keep track of databases for queries.
 To provide accounting information to all levels of management in a timely manner.
** Functions and Operation of the Application/System
From the functional point of view, different modules are
Concerned which are:-
4. Search Utility, and
Basic Modules
This project consists of five basic modules:-
i) Reservation module:- This module is the most primitive module of this project.As the
name suggests it deals with the reservation of the customers.This module takes the customer
details as the input through a reservation requisition form and passes it to the concerned
databse for its approval or rejection.
ii) Cancellation module:-This module is responsible for the abortion of the reserved
seat.This module takes the necessary information for the identification of the customer
from the database, and cancels the requisition.
65
iii) Search module:- The purpose of this module is to provide the searching of any
information related with the customers or the employees. This module also searches the
time schedule for a specific journey. The search can consists anything such as :- which
customers have made requisitions on any particular day.
iv) Debit Report module:- This module is dedicated to the customers for the generation of
their debit amount which has been given prior to the requisition.The customers may be
related with a firm or organization which sends the customers frequently for visits.So, it
can give some money as an advance to the travel agency.The amount should be stored in
the database on behalf of the customer’s account.
v) Administration module:- The purpose of this module is to implement proper control and
monitoring on the transactions and other activities for the super user or the administration.
The module is also responsible for the implementation of the rules and regulations for the
organization.The rules may require an updation or a new rule may be introduced.
DATABASE DESIGN
I) Relational Schema Design:- The relational schema for this project is as follows-
Customer Master File
Customer_id Number 8 Primary key
Customer_name Text 25 Not Null
Customer_addr Text 30 Not Null
Customer_age Number 3 Not Null
66
Customer_source Text 30 Not Null
Customer_dest. Text 30 Not Null
No_Of_ Persons Number 3 Not Null
Date_of_journey Date - Not Null
Employee Master File
Emp_id Number 3 Primary Key
Emp_name Text 20 Not Null
Date_of_Birth Date - Not Null<=01/01/85
Date_of_join Date - Not Null>=01/01/99
Emp_salary Number 6 Not Null>=2000

AND <=15000
Emp_des Text 15 Not Null

Emp_grade character 1 Not Null
Emp_addr Text 30 Not Null
Emp_contact_no Number 10 Not Null
Employee Debit Report
67
Customer_id Number 8 References Customer
Master file
Debit_amount Number 6 Within Specified

Numerical Range
Customer_name Text 25 References Customer

Master File
Data Flow Diagram
Travel Management
Service System Service
CUSTOME request confirmation CUSTOMER
68
Flight code, Source,
Destination info.
New Flight Status of Each
Flight
Details Travel Agency
Modification in Issue the Ticket

Flight Details
for Each
Report of cancelled
Booking Flight code, date, Flight /Ticket
Ticket no. etc.
Fig1, 2: CONTEXT LEVEL DFD
** Reservation
1.0
Customer enters info. D Database info. redirection Validation

B Module
1
rejection
Confirms Pays Amount

Reservation D Scrap
B accepts
2
69
D Schedule
non-availability B database
3
Available
1.1
Reservation
Confirmation
Module for
Travel Agency Application Flight
Selects cheapest flight
1.1.1
Report Generation
Travel Agency
Enters details
Prints Reports
& Pays
Tickets Customer
Fig3:1st LEVEL DFD
Request to
Cancel/Extend Journey
Customer Travel Agent
Updates
D
B Database
4
70
Updates
Cancellation Module
1.2
Cancels
Scrap
Fig4: 2nd LEVEL DFD
E-R Diagram
C-name
C-age
C-no Reg-no
Source
P-date
Destination Name
Customer Order Travel Agency Pays Payment
O-date T-add P-time

71
C-sex O-time
C-add
Ph-no
Has
E-name E-no
Employee E-add
E-type
Is a E-no
E-no
Sales Person Accountant

E-name
E-add E-name E-add
ALGORITHM DESIGN
Login Page
STEP1. Enter the user name.

STEP2. Enter the password.
STEP3. declare count<integer>=0
STEP4. If (user name= =”prateep” AND password= = “travel”) then
STEP5. Open the main page.
Else
STEP6. if(count>3) then
STEP7. Display “You are not an authenticated user.”
STEP8. HALT
72
End If
STEP9. Display “Login failed”
End If
Reservation Module
STEP1. Enter the customer details.

STEP2. Validate the details.
STEP3. If (details are not validated) then
STEP4. Display “wrong input,try again”
STEP5. Return the control to the calling event
Else
STEP6. Insert the details in the concerned database.
STEP7. Show the success or failure of the process.
STEP8. Print the total cost incurred.
STEP9. HALT
Cancellation Module
STEP1. Enter the customer id

STEP2. If(id is not a number) then
STEP3. Display “Wrong input,try again”
STEP4. Return the control to the calling event.
Else
STEP5. Move to the first record in the concerned database
STEP6. . While(1) do
STEP7. If(customer_id corresponds to this record) then
STEP8. Delete the record from the database.
End if
STEP10. If(end of database) then
STEP11. Display “Customer id not found”
End if
STEP13. Move to the next record.
While
STEP14. HALT
73
Debit Report
STEP1. Enter the customer id.

STEP2. If(id is not a number) then
STEP3. Display “Incorrect input,try again” then
Else
STEP5. Move to the first record of the database.
STEP6. While(1) do
STEP7. If(current record matches with the customer id) then
STEP8. Display the debit report status of this record.
STEP9. HALT
End If
STEP10. If(end of database is found) then
STEP11. Display “Customer id not found”
STEP12. HALT
End If
End While
System Flow Chart
Start
Repeatation
User Choice
Choice A Choice B
74
Reservation Cancellation
Menu Menu
Do required work Do the process

as per choice
Stop
Flowcharts For the modules
Flowchart for the login Page
start
Enter username & password

p
Verify from the database 3 chances
Print Login failed

Is
75 correct?
no
yes
Allow Access to the modules
STOP
Flowchart for the reservation module
start
Enter the details
Validate the details No
76 Is valid?
yes
Insert the details in the

concerned database.
STOP
Flowchart for the cancellation module
start
Enter the cid
No
Id is
digit?
yes
77 Move to the first record of the

database.
yes No
yes Cur.
Rec. id
matches
Delete the record from the
database.
No
Move to the next record.
STOP yes
End of
database
CODING
/*
* @(#)Agency.java 1.0 06/10/13
**/
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.*;
class Agency extends JFrame implements ActionListener

{
MainForm mainform;
78
private JPanel inputPanel;
private JPanel buttonPanel;
private JButton login;
private JLabel passwd;
private JLabel username;
private JTextField name;
private JPasswordField pass;
private Container pane;
final Font f=new Font("Monotype Corsiva",Font.BOLD|Font.ITALIC,28);
final Font f1=new Font("Monotype Corsiva",Font.BOLD|Font.ITALIC,21);
final Font f2=new Font("System",Font.BOLD|Font.ITALIC,18);
//Calling Constructor
public Agency()
{
Date today=new Date();
DateFormat df;
df=DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.LONG,Locale.UK);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
{
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
{
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
});
setTitle("Login Form");
//set up container pane and layout
pane=getContentPane();
pane.setLayout(new BorderLayout()) ;
JLabel title=new JLabel(" Jyoti Travel Agency

",JLabel.CENTER);title.setBounds(125,185,350,75);
title.setFont(f);title.setForeground(Color.magenta);
JLabel addr=new JLabel(" Bhagwanpur MuzaffarPur
",JLabel.CENTER);addr.setBounds(130,220,350,75);
addr.setFont(f1);addr.setForeground(Color.magenta);
79
JLabel date=new JLabel(" Date ->
"+df.format(today),JLabel.CENTER);date.setFont(f2);date.setForeground(Color.pin
k);
//Initialize panels for Gui
buttonPanel=new JPanel();
inputPanel=new JPanel();
//Initialize Buttons for gui
login=new
JButton("Login");login.setFont(f2);login.setForeground(Color.yellow);
//Initialise labels for Login form
passwd=new JLabel("Enter Your
Password:");passwd.setFont(f1);passwd.setForeground(Color.red);
username=new JLabel("Enter Your
UserName:");username.setFont(f1);username.setForeground(Color.red);
//Initialise TextFields for Loginform
name=new
JTextField(12);name.setFont(f2);name.setForeground(Color.blue);
pass=new JPasswordField(12);pass.setForeground(Color.blue);
//Setup Layouts for Panels
buttonPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
inputPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
//Add Components to Button Panel
buttonPanel.add(login,BorderLayout.CENTER);
buttonPanel.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
//Add Components to Input Panel
inputPanel.add(username);inputPanel.setBackground(Color.cyan);
inputPanel.add(name);
inputPanel.add(passwd);
inputPanel.add(pass);
//Add Panels to Container Pane

pane.add(inputPanel,BorderLayout.NORTH);
pane.add(buttonPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
pane.add(title);pane.add(addr);pane.add(date);
//Add ActionListener
login.addActionListener(this);
//name.addActionListener(this);
//pass.addActionListener(this);
pane.setBackground(Color.green);
}//constrctor ends
80
//Action Listener events performed
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
String uname;
uname=name.getText();
String upass=new String(pass.getPassword());
if(uname.equals("Prateep") && upass.equals("jms"))

{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(pane,"Welcome "+uname+"\n
Login Accepted");
setVisible(false);
if(e.getSource() == login)
{
mainform=new MainForm();
Dimension
screenSize=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
final int HEIGHT = 600;
final int WIDTH = 600;
mainform.setBounds(((screenSize.width / 2) -
(WIDTH / 2)),
((screenSize.height / 2) - (HEIGHT / 2)),
WIDTH, HEIGHT);
mainform.setVisible(true);
mainform.setLocation(270,200);
mainform.setTitle("Travel ManageMent System");
setVisible(false);//HIDE MAIN LOGIN MENU
}
}
else
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(pane,"Login Denied...\
n Plz, try again");
name.setText("");
pass.setText("");
name.requestFocus(true);
81
}
public static void main(String args[])

{
System.out.println("Starting Agency...");
Agency me = new Agency();
me.setSize(600, 600);
me.setLocation(100,100);
me.setVisible(true);
}
}//Class ends
/*
* @(#)Tabbed.java 1.0 06/10/21
*/
82
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
class Tabbed extends Frame //implements ActionListener
{
JPanel inputPanel,footerPanel;
JPanel buttonPanel,headerPanel;
JButton insert,find,delete,clear;
JLabel Pid,Pname,Padd,Page,Psrc,Pdest,Pfare,Pnop,Pdoj,Pmed,Pticket;
JTextField id,name,address,age,src,dest,fare,nop,doj,ticket;
JComboBox jc=new JComboBox();
public Tabbed()
{
setBackground(Color.orange);
{
{
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
});
try {
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(
new Runnable()
{
public void run()
{
makeGUI();
}
}
);
}catch(Exception e)
{System.out.println("Can't create due to "+e);}
}
private void makeGUI()
{
83
JTabbedPane jtp=new JTabbedPane();
jtp.addTab("Reservation",new ReservationPanel());
jtp.addTab("Cancellation",new CancellationPanel());
add(jtp);
}
class ReservationPanel extends JPanel{
ReservationPanel()
{
JLabel title,title1,dt;
DateFormat
setBackground(Color.cyan);
//-----------------------------------------------------------------
//INITIALISE PANELS FOR GUI
buttonPanel = new JPanel();
inputPanel = new JPanel();
headerPanel = new JPanel();
footerPanel = new JPanel();
final Font f=new Font("Tahoma",Font.BOLD|Font.ITALIC,18);
final Font f1=new Font("System",Font.BOLD|Font.ITALIC,21);
headerPanel.setForeground(Color.red);headerPanel.setFont(f1);
footerPanel.setForeground(Color.orange);footerPanel.setFont(f);
//INITIALISE BUTTONS FOR GUI

insert = new JButton("Insert");
find = new JButton("Find");
delete = new JButton("Delete");
clear = new JButton("Clear");
//INITIALISE LABELS FOR GUI
Pid = new JLabel("Passenger Id");
Pname = new JLabel("Passenger Name");
Padd = new JLabel("Passenger Addres");
Page= new JLabel("Passenger Age");
Psrc = new JLabel("Source");
Pdest = new JLabel("Destination");
Pfare = new JLabel("Total Fare");
Pnop = new JLabel("No.Of People");
Pdoj=new JLabel("Date Of Journey");
84
Pmed=new JLabel("Select Medium(BUS/TRAIN)");
//INITIALISE TEXT FIELDS FOR GUI
id = new JTextField(15);
name = new JTextField(15);
age = new JTextField(15);
address = new JTextField(15);
src = new JTextField(15);
dest = new JTextField(15);
fare = new JTextField(15);
nop = new JTextField(15);
doj=new JTextField(15);
jc.addItem("BUS");jc.addItem("TRAIN");
//add(jc);
//jc.addItemListener(this);
//SET UP LAYOUTS FOR PANELS
buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
buttonPanel.setBackground(Color.yellow);
inputPanel.setBackground(Color.green);
//ADD COMPONENTS TO BUTTON PANEL
buttonPanel.add(insert);
buttonPanel.add(find);
buttonPanel.add(delete);
buttonPanel.add(clear);
//ADD COMPONENENTS TO INPUT PANEL
inputPanel.add(Pid);inputPanel.add(id);
inputPanel.add(Pname);inputPanel.add(name);
inputPanel.add(Padd);inputPanel.add(address);
inputPanel.add(Page); inputPanel.add(age);
inputPanel.add(Psrc);inputPanel.add(src);
inputPanel.add(Pdest);inputPanel.add(dest);
inputPanel.add(Pfare);inputPanel.add(fare);
inputPanel.add(Pnop); inputPanel.add(nop);
inputPanel.add(Pdoj); inputPanel.add(doj);
inputPanel.add(Pmed);inputPanel.add(jc);
//Add components to header panel
headerPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
title=new JLabel("Reservation Slip",JLabel.CENTER);
dt=new JLabel("Date->"+df.format(today),JLabel.CENTER);
headerPanel.add(title);
85
headerPanel.add(dt);
//Add component to footerPanel
footerPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,1));
title1=new JLabel("Travel Management System Developed by
Prateep,Abhijeet.Deepti and Preeti");
footerPanel.add(title1);
//ADD PANELS TO CONTAINER PANE
add(headerPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(inputPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
add(footerPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
//ADD ACTION LISTENER FOR LOGIN BUTTON
/*insert.addActionListener(this);
find.addActionListener(this);
delete.addActionListener(this);
clear.addActionListener(this);*/
//-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
}
}
class CancellationPanel extends JPanel{

CancellationPanel()
{
setBackground(Color.lightGray);
JLabel title,title1,dt;
DateFormat
//-----------------------------------------------------------------
//INITIALISE PANELS FOR GUI
buttonPanel = new JPanel();buttonPanel.setBackground(Color.cyan);
inputPanel = new JPanel();inputPanel.setBackground(Color.gray);
headerPanel = new JPanel();headerPanel.setBackground(Color.white);
footerPanel = new JPanel();headerPanel.setBackground(Color.pink);
final Font f=new Font("Serif",Font.BOLD|Font.ITALIC,18);
final Font f1=new Font("SansSerif",Font.BOLD|Font.ITALIC,21);
headerPanel.setForeground(Color.red);headerPanel.setFont(f1);
footerPanel.setForeground(Color.pink);//footerPanel.setFont(f);
//INITIALISE BUTTONS FOR GUI
86
insert = new JButton("Insert");
find = new JButton("Find");
delete = new JButton("Delete");
clear = new JButton("Clear");
//INITIALISE LABELS FOR GUI
Pid = new JLabel("Passenger Id");
Pname = new JLabel("Passenger Name");
Padd = new JLabel("Passenger Addres");
Page= new JLabel("Passenger Age");
Psrc = new JLabel("Source");
Pdest = new JLabel("Destination");
Pfare = new JLabel("Total Fare");
Pnop = new JLabel("No.Of People");
Pdoj=new JLabel("Date Of Journey");
Pmed=new JLabel("Select Medium(BUS/TRAIN)");
Pticket=new JLabel("Ticket Number");
//INITIALISE TEXT FIELDS FOR GUI
id = new JTextField(15);
name = new JTextField(15);
age = new JTextField(15);
address = new JTextField(15);
src = new JTextField(15);
dest = new JTextField(15);
fare = new JTextField(15);
nop = new JTextField(15);
doj=new JTextField(15);
ticket=new JTextField(15);
JComboBox jc=new JComboBox();
jc.addItem("BUS");jc.addItem("TRAIN");
//jc.addItemListener(this);
//SET UP LAYOUTS FOR PANELS
buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
//ADD COMPONENTS TO BUTTON PANEL
buttonPanel.add(insert);
buttonPanel.add(find);
buttonPanel.add(delete);
buttonPanel.add(clear);
//ADD COMPONENENTS TO INPUT PANEL
inputPanel.add(Pid);inputPanel.add(id);
87
inputPanel.add(Pname);inputPanel.add(name);
inputPanel.add(Padd);inputPanel.add(address);
inputPanel.add(Page);inputPanel.add(age);
inputPanel.add(Psrc);inputPanel.add(src);
inputPanel.add(Pdest);inputPanel.add(dest);
inputPanel.add(Pfare);inputPanel.add(fare);
inputPanel.add(Pnop);inputPanel.add(nop);
inputPanel.add(Pdoj);inputPanel.add(doj);
inputPanel.add(Pticket);inputPanel.add(ticket);
inputPanel.add(Pmed);inputPanel.add(jc);
//Add components to header panel
headerPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
title=new JLabel("Cancellation Slip",JLabel.CENTER);
dt=new JLabel("Date->"+df.format(today),JLabel.CENTER);
headerPanel.add(title);
headerPanel.add(dt);
//Add component to footerPanel
footerPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,1));
title1=new JLabel("Travel Management System Developed by
Prateep,Abhijeet,Deepti and Preeti");
footerPanel.add(title1);footerPanel.setFont(f);
//ADD PANELS TO CONTAINER PANE
add(headerPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(inputPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
add(footerPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
//ADD ACTION LISTENER FOR LOGIN BUTTON
/*insert.addActionListener(this);
delete.addActionListener(this);
clear.addActionListener(this);*/
//-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
}
}
/* public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie)
{
String s=(String)ie.getItem();
}*/
public static void main(String args[])
{
88
System.out.println("Starting Tabbed...");
Tabbed me = new Tabbed();
me.setSize(400, 475);
me.setLocation(270,200);
me.setTitle("Tabbed");
me.setVisible(true);
}
}
89
import javax.sql.*;
import java.sql.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;
import javax.swing.table.*;
class Interface extends JFrame
{
String driver="sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver";
String url="jdbc:odbc:tms";
String userid="";
String password="";
ResultSet r;
String query12;
Statement st;
String sql,sql1,sql2;
TextField query;
public Interface(String title,int l,int b)
{
super(title);
{
{
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
});
setSize(l,b);
//getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
setVisible(true);
makeGUI();
}
private void makeGUI()
{
90
JTabbedPane mast=new JTabbedPane();
mast.addTab("Rservation",new ReservationPanel());
mast.addTab("Cancilation",new CancilationPanel());
mast.addTab("Administration",new AdministrationPanel());
mast.addTab("Reports",new ReportsPanel());
mast.addTab("Query",new QueryPanel());
Container c=getContentPane();
c.setVisible(true);
c.add(mast);
}
class ReservationPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener
{
Label
cidp,namep,addp,modep,tdtp,classp,srcp,destp,farep;
TextField
cid,name,add,mode,tdt,rclass,src,dest,fare;
Button addnew,find,next,update;
JPanel main,west,center,south;
String tmp;
public ReservationPanel()
{
west=new JPanel();
west.setLayout(new
GridLayout(10,1));
cidp=new Label("CustomerID");
namep=new Label("Name");
addp=new Label("Address");
modep=new Label("MODE OF
TRAVEL");
tdtp=new Label("TravelDate");
classp=new Label("Class");
srcp=new Label("Source");
destp=new Label("Destination");
farep=new Label("Fare");
west.add(cidp);
91
west.add(namep);
west.add(addp);
west.add(modep);
west.add(tdtp);
west.add(classp);
west.add(srcp);
west.add(destp);
west.add(farep);
west.add(new Label(" "));
south=new JPanel();
south.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
addnew=new Button("Clear");
find=new Button("Find");
next=new Button("Next->");
update=new Button("Update");
addnew.addActionListener(this);
next.addActionListener(this);
update.addActionListener(this);
south.add(addnew);
south.add(find);
south.add(next);
south.add(update);
center=new JPanel();
center.setLayout(new
GridLayout(10,1));
cid=new TextField(5);
name=new TextField(10);
add=new TextField(20);
mode=new TextField(5);
tdt=new TextField(10);
rclass=new TextField(10);
src=new TextField(15);
dest=new TextField(15);
fare=new TextField(5);
JPanel arr[]=new JPanel[10];
for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++)
{
arr[i]=new JPanel();
92
arr[i].setLayout(new
FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
}
arr[0].add(cid);
arr[1].add(name);
arr[2].add(add);
arr[3].add(mode);
arr[4].add(tdt);
arr[5].add(rclass);
arr[6].add(src);
arr[7].add(dest);
arr[8].add(fare);
arr[9].add(new
Label("TravelManagementSystem Developed By:-Saurav,Aman,Manoranjan "));
center.add(arr[i]);
main=new JPanel();
main.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
main.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
main.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
main.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(main);
try
{
Class.forName(driver);
Connection
con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,userid,password);
st = con.createStatement();
query12= "SELECT * FROM
res";
ResultSet r =
st.executeQuery(query12);
ResultSetMetaData rmeta =
r.getMetaData();
int nCols=rmeta.getColumnCount();
93
int frecord = 0;
/*String txt1="";
String txt2="";
String txt3="";
String txt4="";
String txt5="";
String txt6="";
String txt7="";
String txt8="";
String int9=""; */
while(r.next())
{
cid.setText(r.getString(1));
name.setText(r.getString(2));
add.setText(r.getString(3));
mode.setText(r.getString(4));
tdt.setText(r.getString(5));
rclass.setText(r.getString(6));
src.setText(r.getString(7));
dest.setText(r.getString(8));
fare.setText(r.getString(9));
//con.close();
}
}
catch(SQLException ex)
{
System.out.println("Unable to
access the database");
}
catch(ClassNotFoundException ex)
94
{
System.out.println("Class not
found");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
System.out.println("Exception raised
is:"+ex);
}
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{
String
s=ae.getActionCommand();
if (s.equals("Clear"))
{
cid.setText("");
name.setText("");
add.setText("");
mode.setText("");
tdt.setText("");
rclass.setText("");
src.setText("");
dest.setText("");
fare.setText("");
}
if (s.equals("Find"))
95
{
tmp=cid.getText();
try
{
Connection
sql1="select * from res where

CustomerID='"+tmp+"'";
ResultSet r =
st.executeQuery(sql1);
r.getMetaData();
int frecord = 0;
/*String txt1="";
String txt2="";
String txt3="";
String txt4="";
String txt5="";
String txt6="";
String txt7="";
String txt8="";
String int9=""; */
while(r.next())
{
96
}
{
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
is:"+ex);
}
}
if (s.equals("Next->"))
{
}
if (s.equals("Update"))
{
}
}
}
97
class CancilationPanel extends JPanel implements
ActionListener
{
String tmp1;
Label
cidp,namep,addp,modep,tdtp,classp,srcp,destp,farep,ticketnop;
TextField
cid,name,add,mode,tdt,rclass,src,dest,fare,ticketno;
Button cancel,find,clr;
JPanel main,west,center,south;
public CancilationPanel()
{
west=new JPanel();
west.setLayout(new
GridLayout(11,1));
cidp=new Label("CustomerID");
namep=new Label("Name");
addp=new Label("Address");
modep=new Label("MODE OF
TRAVEL");
tdtp=new Label("TravelDate");
classp=new Label("Class");
srcp=new Label("Source");
destp=new Label("Destination");
farep=new Label("Fare");
ticketnop=new Label("Ticket
Number");
west.add(cidp);
west.add(namep);
west.add(addp);
west.add(modep);
west.add(tdtp);
west.add(classp);
west.add(srcp);
west.add(destp);
west.add(farep);
west.add(ticketnop);
98
south=new JPanel();
cancel=new Button("Cancel
Transaction");
find=new Button("Find Record");
clr=new Button("Clear");
cancel.addActionListener(this);
clr.addActionListener(this);
south.add(cancel);
south.add(find);
south.add(clr);
GridLayout(11,1));
cid=new TextField(5);
name=new TextField(10);
add=new TextField(20);
mode=new TextField(5);
tdt=new TextField(10);
rclass=new TextField(10);
src=new TextField(15);
dest=new TextField(15);
fare=new TextField(5);
ticketno=new TextField(10);
{
}
arr[0].add(cid);
arr[1].add(name);
arr[2].add(add);
arr[3].add(mode);
arr[4].add(tdt);
arr[5].add(rclass);
arr[6].add(src);
99
arr[7].add(dest);
arr[8].add(fare);
arr[9].add(ticketno);
arr[10].add(new
center.add(arr[i]);
main=new JPanel();
add(main);
try
{
Connection
query12= "SELECT * FROM
res";
ResultSet r =
st.executeQuery(query12);
r.getMetaData();
int frecord = 0;
/*String txt1="";
String txt2="";
String txt3="";
String txt4="";
String txt5="";
String txt6="";
String txt7="";
100
String txt8="";
String int9=""; */
while(r.next())
{
//ticketno.setText(r.getString(10));
//con.close();
}
}
{
}
{
System.out.println("Class not
found");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
101
is:"+ex);
}
}
public void
actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{
String
if (s.equals("Clear"))
{
cid.setText("");
name.setText("");
add.setText("");
mode.setText("");
tdt.setText("");
rclass.setText("");
src.setText("");
dest.setText("");
fare.setText("");
}
if (s.equals("Find
Record"))
{
tmp1=cid.getText();
try
{
102
Connection
sql2="select * from res where

CustomerID='"+tmp1+"'";
ResultSet r =
r.getMetaData();
int frecord = 0;
/*String txt1="";
String txt2="";
String txt3="";
String txt4="";
String txt5="";
String txt6="";
String txt7="";
String txt8="";
String int9=""; */
while(r.next())
{
103
}
{
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
is:"+ex);
}
}
if (s.equals("Cancel
Transaction"))
{
tmp1=cid.getText();
try
{
Connection
sql2="delete from res where

CustomerID='"+tmp1+"'";
104
ResultSet r =
r.getMetaData();
int frecord = 0;
/*String txt1="";
String txt2="";
String txt3="";
String txt4="";
String txt5="";
String txt6="";
String txt7="";
String txt8="";
String int9=""; */
while(r.next())
{
}
105
{
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
is:"+ex);
}
}
class AdministrationPanel extends JPanel
implements ActionListener
{
public AdministrationPanel()
{
JButton logon;
JPanel main,center;
GridLayout(2,1));
logon=new JButton("Login
Administrator");
logon.addActionListener(this);
{
FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
}
arr[0].add(logon);
106
arr[1].add(new
center.add(arr[i]);
main=new JPanel();
add(main);
}
public void
{
String
if (s.equals("Login
Administrator"))
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Now Closing The Application" );

dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
class ReportsPanel extends JPanel

{
public ReportsPanel()
{
Label reptypp;
TextField reptyp;
Button show;
TextArea detail;
JPanel main,west,center,south,north;
west=new JPanel();
west.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
reptypp=new Label("Report
Type(Monthly/Weekly/Todays enter only in small letter)");
west.add(reptypp);
107
south=new JPanel();
show=new Button("SHOW");
south.add(show);
GridLayout(2,1));
reptyp=new TextField(15);
{
}
arr[0].add(reptyp);
arr[1].add(new
center.add(arr[i]);
main=new JPanel();
north=new JPanel();
north.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
detail=new TextArea(22,110);
north.add(detail);
main.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(main);
}
}
108
class QueryPanel extends JPanel implements
ActionListener
{
String output;
Label queryp;
TextField query;
Button show;
TextArea detail;
JPanel main,west,center,south,north;
public QueryPanel()
{
west=new JPanel();
west.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
queryp=new Label("Enter Query
Here");
west.add(queryp);
GridLayout(2,1));
query=new TextField(50);
{
}
arr[0].add(query);
arr[1].add(new
center.add(arr[i]);
main=new JPanel();
north=new JPanel();
north.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
detail=new TextArea(22,110);
north.add(detail);
109
south=new JPanel();
show=new Button("Submit Query");
show.addActionListener(this);
south.add(show);
main.setLayout(new
BorderLayout());
main.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(main);
}
public void
{
String
if (s.equals("Submit
Query"))
{
try
{
Connection
sql=query.getText();
110
ResultSet r = st.executeQuery(sql);
r.getMetaData();
int frecord = 0;
String txt1="";
String txt2="";
String txt3="";
String txt4="";
String txt5="";
String txt6="";
String txt7="";
String txt8="";
String txt9="";
while(r.next())
{
output+=r.getString(1) +" "+
r.getString(2)+" "+r.getString(3)+" "+r.getString(4)+" "+r.getString(5)+"
"+r.getString(6)+" "+r.getString(7)+" "+r.getString(8)+" "+r.getString(9)+"\n";
}
detail.setText(output);
}
{
System.out.println("Unable to access the
database");
}
{
System.out.println("Class not found");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
System.out.println("Exception raised is:"+ex);
}
}
}
111
}
}
PURPOSE
Any project development is ultimately intended to
serve as a user-friendly utility, providing

an environment where error should not be present. So,the post design is dedicated for the
development of test plans.This test plan should accomplish the task of testing the code after
the coding.Ideally it should include two strategies :-I) Code test plan and II) Specification
test plan.
I) Code test plan:- The code testing strategy examines the logic of the systemIn this,the instructions of the
program are tested. The path testing of the coding should also be planned.
112
The testing based on these test plans does not guarantee against software
failures.Also, it does not indicate whether the code is according to requirements or
not.
II) Specification test plan:- This test plan includes of the specific cases of the program.The test cases are
developed for each condition or combination of conditions and submitted for
processing.
This test plan doesn’t include the testing of third party software and
utilities.
TEST CASES
Login Screen
S_No Test Case Id Do Expected Result
113
1. TC1 Enter the username Successful login
and password. if the username and
password are found
User id must not be in the concerned
more than 40 charact- database.
ers and it should not
contain any special
characters and no
spaces including the
start.
Password must not

be more than 10 cha-
racters.
Click on the login

button.
Reservation Requisition
Form
S_No Test Case Id

Do Expected Result
2. TC2 Enter the details. The details should be
inserted in the concer-
The details should be ned database.
114
in accordance with
the relational schema
(References System
Design Document.)
Click on the submit

Button.
3. TC3 Click on the total The total cost
button. incurred including
the service tax is
displayed.
4. TC4 Click on the schedule Concerned schedule
button. Should be displayed.
5. TC5 Click on the back Home page should

button. be displayed.
6. TC6 Click on the exit Application should

button. be closed.
7. TC7 Click on the submit A msg box should

Button without Appear indicating
Entering complete About invalid action.
Information.
Cancellation Module
S_No Test Case Id Do Expected Result

8. TC8 Enter the customer’s If the id exists,it’s
id. Record is displayed.
Id should be a number
And in accordance
With the relational
115
Schema.(Reference-
System Design
Document)
9. TC9 Click on the abort A msg box should

Button. Appear confirming
The deletion.
Press the confirmation Record should be

Button. Deleted.
10. TC10 Click on the update The entry form

Button. Should appear again
Asking the new values.
TESTING
Testing is the process of running the software on manually created inputs with the intention to
detect errors.In the process of testing , an attempt is made to detect errors,to correct the errors in
order to develop error free software.Testing is performed keeping the
116
User’s requirements in mind and before the software is actually launched on a real system, it is
tested.
Normally,while developing the code , a software developer also carries out
some testing.This is known as debugging.This unearths the defects that must be removed from the
program.Testing and debugging are different processes.Testing is meant for finding the existence
of defects while debugging stands for locating the place of errors and correcting the errors.during
the process of testing.Following are some requisites for testing:-
i) First the modules should be tested.
ii) The access paths should be tested.
iii) Enough data should be generated to test the access paths.
iv) The modules should be tested deliberately entering wrong input.
v) The data should be entered in the test files first,which will satisfy the conditions and
test the scripts again.
vi) Test for locking by invoking multiple concurrent processes.
The following are the objectives to be kept in mind while performing testing:-
i) It should be done with the intention of finding errors.
ii) Good test cases should be designed with a probability of detecting undiscovered
errors.
iii) A successful test is one that discovers the undiscovered errors.
The following are some of the principles of testing:-
i) All tests should be performed according to the user requirements.
117
ii) Planning of the tests should be done long before testing.
iii) Starting with a small test , it should proceed towards large tests.
Two major testing techniques are as follows:-
i) White box testing:- This method , also known as glass box testing,is performed early in the
testing process.Using this , the software engineer can derive tests that guarantees exercises of all
independent paths within the modules at least once.It has the following features:-
a) Exercises all logical decisions on their true and false sides.
b) Executes all loops at their boundaries and within the operational bounds.
c) Exercises internal data structures to assure their validity.
ii) Black box testing:- This is applied during the later stage
of testing.It enables the software developer to derive a set of input
conditions that will fully exercise the functional requirements of a
program.It enables him/her to detect errors like incorrect or missing
functions , interface errors,data structures or external data base
access errors and performance errors etc.
TEST LOG
Test Case Id. No. of Test Number of

Functio Purpos Case run Test Cases
Successful.
n e of Set
Of test cases.
Login The verification TC1 6 100%
118
Of username
and password.
Reservation The verification TC2 4 100%
Of the details
Entered by the
User.
The proper TC3 2 100%

Working of
total button.
The proper TC4 5 100%

working of
schedule
button.
Proper working TC5 10 75%

of back button.

Of exit button.

Of the entry
form while
clicking the
submit button
without
enetering
complete
button.
Test Case Id. No. of Test Number of

Functio Purpos Case run Test Cases
Successful.
n e of Set
Of test cases.
Cancellation Verification of TC8 12 83.33%

the customer id
entered by the
user.
80%
119
Working of the TC9 10
abort button.
86.66%
Working of the TC10 15
update button.
OUTPUT
120
121
122
123
124
Limitation of the project
125
FUTURE APPLICATION
This S/W is being developed in oops (object oriented technology), by which in future any type of
changes can easily be recommended.
126
‘MAP2 Tour & Tourism Travel Agency ’ is just like a ‘HELP LINE’ which is working and
providing services to public to reduce the business of life by tackling their small works, so any
agency which wants to be computerized , may use this S/W by little changes in original one & get
better efficiency in their internal information management activities .
127
Bibliography
BOOK NAME AUTHOR NAME
The Complete References of Java Herbert Schildt
Software Engineering Roger S.Pressman
SQL, PL/SQL Ivan Bay Ross
System Analysis & Design Siddrath
An Introduction to DBMS Bippin C.Desai
IGNOU Course material
************************************
THE END
************************************
128

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Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

(Bachelor in Computer Applications)

MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY

3. BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT 38

4. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT 39

5. PURPOSE,SCOPE & APPLICABILITY 40

9. SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM 51

10. FEASIBILITY STUDY 53

11. COST ESTIMATION 56

12. DFD, E_R DIAGRAM & FLOW CHARTS 69

13. PROGRAM CODING 79

14. PURPOSE & TESTING 113

15. OUTPUT 122

16. LIMITATION & FUTURE SCOPE 127

17. BIBLOGRAPHY 129

Signature of the Student: Signature of the Guide

Reference To MAP2 TOUR & TRAVEL AGENCY PVT. LTD. DANAPUR,PATNA,

[BIHAR]””, is developed by me under the guidance of Mrs KALPANA KUMARI. It is an

the overall organization’s system. It is an attempt to serve them at my possible extent

in numerous ways…. In particular I wish to thank “ KALPANA KUMARI”, for her

Title of The Project

INTRODUCTION TO THE CLIENT

A MAP2 Tour & travel agency is a private retailer or public service that provides travel

This is an era of ‘Information Technology’ where

In this way, there is no need to say that there is the

travel like Buses/Trains/Airlines in easy way.

The main objective of the project is to provide

Reservation , Cancellation of tickets for Airlines.

The S/W will be able to manage such type of procedure:-

 To provide better Reservation as well as Cancellation facilities.

 To keep track of data bases for queries.

 Cost effective system.

So, these are some of the objectives which we have to accomplish.

 To provide better Reservation as well as Cancellation facilities.

 Efficient and controlled ticket & Reservation handling.

 Cost effective system.

 To keep track of data bases for queries.

 To keep records about employees.

 It provides accounting information to all levels of management in a timely manner.

Draw Backs with the existing system

 Less data security.

 More paper works are to be done.

 No query generation facility , and

 No report generation facility.

Scope of the project

oriented technology), by which in future any type of changes can easily be

‘Travel Agency ’ is just like a ‘HELP LINE’ which

to develop this project is , oops technology .

 Object – Oriented Programming

Oops is a way of developing S/W using objects .

referenced by way of messages . object oriented programming and design is all

 The basic programming entity is the object . As object can be considered to be a

objects send messages to each other.

are suitable for complex problem solving .

Front end remains on client side. Front end is made

Why we are using Java as a front end language ?

The development of Java began at ‘Sun Micro system’ in

from one device to another.

Some of the important features of Java are as follows:-

1. Server side program.

We will be using RDBMS in our project i.e ‘ORACLE’.

Why we are using Oracle as a Back End ?

Some of the merits of using Oracle is as under:-